MALSAWM RUAH LEH LEIMIN

Aizawl-in chhiatna kan tawh tam êm êm mai chu leimin hi a ni a. Leimin avangin in leh lo leh nunna hial chán kan nei kum tin mai chu a nih hi. Leimin hi mihringin kan thlen chhiatna nge khuarèl chhiatna tih pawh inhnial tham tak a ni ngei ang. Leimin thlen theitu tam tak a awm rualin engtik lái pawha leimin nêna inkaihhnawih reng chu tui hi a ni. India ramah pawh ruahtui dawng tam state kan ni a, ruahtui kan dawn dan leh kan dawn zât te mumal taka chhinchhiah leh kan leimin dân nên an inlaichin dân hi hriat chian a ṭul viau awm e.

Leimin thlen theitu thil tam tak a awm thei anga, Aizawl bîk kan en chuan kan hmun neihte duhthusàm a nih loh dân leh kan hmunhma neihah hma kan lâk dân te pawh a him lo ṭhin hlê tih kan hre ṭheuh âwm e. Aizawl-a lei min thlen tam bîk êm êm chhanah hian kan ruahtui dawn ringawt chu kan puh thlu ngawt thei bik lo anga. Mizoram mipui zâtvê dáwn kan chênna hmunah hian in leh lote kan din nasa êm êm a, he’ng hma kan laknaah hian kan lei nghet sa kan khawih che nasa êm êm tawh a ni. Tuiluankawr mûmal tak te kan siam leh si loh chuan lei chhúng ril zâwk thlenga tuiin lei a chiah zawp theihna remcháng kan siam tihna a ni. Hengte avâng leh fùrpui laia lei min tam a bik ṭhin hian ruahtui chu leimin thlen nan a mal khàiin puh thlu thei lo mah ila, a sûlsutu(triggering factor) pawimawh tak te zing ami a ni kan ti thei awm e.

Directorate of Science and Technology data aṭanga kum 2019 aṭanga 2025 September thlà thlenga ruahtui kan dawn dan kan thlir chuan kum 2021-ah ruahtui hi a rawn pung chho ta dawrh mai tih kan hmu thei a, hemi hnu aṭang hian hniam lam a pan leh ta mang lo a ni. He ruahtui lo pun thutna chhan hi chhan lian tak pakhat a awm a, chu chu La-Nina hi a ni. La-Nina kan tih chu worldwide phenomenon (khawvêl pum nghawng sik leh sá tidanglam thei) a ni a. Trade winds chak tak avânga thil thleng a ni. La-Nina kumah chuan trade winds chak tak khan khawthlang ram (western countries) lama tui chung lum kha Asian countries lamah a lên phei a, hmun khatah a lo awm khâwm a, a bul vêla boruak kha a tilum ta êm êm a, he’ng boruak lumte hian ruah tam tak a siam a. Chu’ng ruahtuite chu Asian countries kan tih China leh India thlengin kan dawn hnem phah ṭhin a ni

He’ng ruahtuiin leimin a thlen dànte lo en dawn ila, Department of Disaster Management and Rehabilitation-in leimin record an neih leh ruahtui kan dawn dàn kan en mil chuan nikum leh tûnkum September thla chinah ni 264 lái a sûr a ni, chu’ng zînga ni 155 chu millimetre 10 aia tlêm an ni a, hei hian leimin hi vawi 11 a thlen a ni. Chutiang chiah chuan millimetre 40 aia tam hi ni 25 lek a sûr nâin leimin hi vawi 14 lái a thlen a ni. Milimetre 40 aia tam a sûr hian leimin hi a tam bîk êm êm a, hei hi a chhan ni thei âwma lang chu Aizawl-a kan lei liquid limit te a pelh vang niin a ngaih theih a ni.

Tui hi lei tibantû zînga pawimawh tak pakhat a ni a; nimahsela a tam lutuk emaw a tlêm lutuk emaw chuan a ṭha lo lamah nghawng a nei thei a ni. Leiin tui a tam thei ang bera a pai theih zât—tui anga a luan hmaa a tui pai theih zât kha liquid limit kan tih chu a ni a .Plastic limit kan tih chuan leiin a banna a hloh hma chiaha a tlêm thei ang ber tui a pai theih zât kha a ni. Aizawl-a lei sample 207, PUC-in record an kawl sa aṭanga kan hriat chu: Aizawl-a Liquid Limit chawhrualin 33.33% a ni a, hetiang chiah hian plastic limit pawh record kan neih sa aṭanga kan hriat chu Aizawl-a Plastic limit chawhrual chu 24.44% a ni. PUC lab record-a a lan danah hi chuan, Aizawl-a kan lei hi gram 100 la ta ila, chu leiah chuan muangchángin tui pawlh chhin tâ ila, 33.33 ml (1g = 1 ml) aia tam kan pawlh chuan tui angin a lo luang tawh dawn tihna a ni. Chutiang zêlin 33.33% tui pai sa lei chu a tui pai titlêm tial tial tâ ila 24.44 ml aia a tlêm chuan a banna a hloh tawh ang; chu chu a plastic limit kan tih chu a ni. Ruahsur a tam lutuk hian, emaw, tuiluankawr mumal lo vah, tuiin lei a chiah nasat lutuk hian a limit hi a pêl ta ṭhin a. Solid a nihna nihphung (matter of state) aṭangin liquid state-ah a lût ta ṭhin a, hei hian chirh luang (mud flow) leh translational slide a siam ta ṭhin a ni.

Tûn hnaia leiminna hmunte tlawhin, he’ng hmuna leite hi Pachhunga University College-a Geotechnical laboratory-ah test an ni a. PUC laboratory-in soil test record 200 chuang an neih nên khaikhinin kan lei dinhmun en fiah nâna hman a ni bawk a ni. He kan zir chianna hian Aizawl-ah hian darkar 24 chhúnga ruah 30 mm aia tam a sùr hian leimin a thlen tlángpui ṭhin tih kan hre thei a ni. Vêng hrang hrangah ruahtui tlâk dàn a inan loh avângin hmun khat chauha ruahtui tehna kan neih chu, leimin zir chian nân an duhthû a sâm lo hlê a, leimin tamna vêngah dah belh a ṭûl hlê a ni . Ruahtui tlâk tam hun te pêl tawh mah sê leimin tam theihna tùr vênga kan ngaih Zemabawkah ruahtui tehna, ni 21 november-ah Local Council hruaitute rem tihnain a ruah tehna kháwl hman awlsam chi dah a ni. Hei hian nakkum lamah te veng hrang hrang ruah dawn dàn a tilang chiang tùrin kan beisei a ni.

Ruah sùr tam zâwng leh rei zâwng te a inan loh avângin 30 mm ruahsûr chu engtianga tam leh rei nge tih sawi fak a har viau a. Hei hian ruahtui tehna hmun leh khawl kan mamawhna a tilang chiang hlê âwm e. Aizawl hi a zau viau nâ a, ruah sùr tam zâwng tehna hi hmun khatah chauh a awm a. Hmun 4 hmun 5-ah te awm thei sê chuan hei ai hian ruahtui tlâk dàn leh leimin inlaichinna te pawh kan hrechiang thei zâwk ngeiin a rinawm. Kan ram leilungin a zir tâwk loh vâng leh kan ruahtui dawn dàn te avângin leimin vânga chhiatna hi chu kan pumpelh mai dawn lo vin a lang a; chu vângin hetiang lama nasa zâwka zirchianna neih hi a ṭha êm êm a ni. Kan leilung dinhmun hriatchianna chuan kan ram kan enkawl dànah hmá min sàwn tîr anga, kan dan theih loh chhiatna lakah pawh râlkhêlh hun kan hriat chian lehzual phah dâwn a ni. Chu bakah AMC-in Aizawl landslide hazard map a siam te hi mipuite’n awlsam taka kan hmuh a, kan vêng dinhmunte hre chiang zawk tùra inzirtirna pêk te hi uar leh zual ila. Ram chhung fai leh fai loh chu bawlhhlawh bawm tam leh tam loh ni lo vin , a chêngte’n bawlhhlawh báwm kan hman ṭangkài leh ṭangkài lohah a innghat zâwk ang hian, tûna AMC-in inkaihhruaina pawimawh tak a neih SDSM te hi mipuite hian ngai pawimawh zual ila, nakkum furpui thlen hunah leimin lakah kan him lehzualin a rinawm.

- Lalmuanawma, Zothanpuii

Chlidrens Science Congress, Team Landslide. Class 11 F, Govt. Mizo Higher Secondary School