REVENUE DEFICIT GRANT (RDG) AWM TA LO HI MIZORAM TAN A PAWI DAWN

Finance Commission sawmparukna (FC-16) chuan state sum indaih lote ṭanpuina Revenue Deficit Grant (RDG) a titawp ta a. FC-1 atanga FC-15 thlenga ruahman thin Revenue Deficit Grant tihtawp a ni ta mai hi state ṭhenkhat chuan an ngaithiam lo a, Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister phei chuan a ngaithiam lo hle. ‘Danpui hnuaia state-te dikna leh chanvo ‘constitutional rights’ palzutna a ni’ a ti a. Budget pharh ni, February 1, 2026 kha Himachal Pradesh tan chuan ‘Ni lungchhiatthlak (black day)’ a ti hial a ni. Kum 1952 atanga FC-te’n an ruahman thin Indian Danpui Article 275(1) behchhana pek, Revenue Deficit Grant tihtawp hi ‘tlang ram state dinhmun hlamchhiahna a ni’ a ti bawk.

FC-16 hi tih tur pathum pek a ni a. Pakhatna, Danpui part XII, bung 1 hnuaia sawrkar laipui chhiah chi hrang hrangte state nen insem dan tur leh state hrang hrang chan tur ruahman. Pahnihna, Danpui châng 275(1) angina, state sum indaih lohte ṭanpuina grants-in-aid pek dan tur ruahman. Pathumna, panchayat leh municapility te puala state sum tihpunsak dan tur ruahman. Hei bakah Disaster Management Act 2005 hnuaia sum pek dan chungchang ennawn theihna pek a ni bawk. FC 16 hian kum 5 (2026-2031) chhunga sawrkar laipui leh state sawrkar ten sawrkar laipui chhiah an insem dan tur a ruahman a ni.

Revenue Deficit Grants hi state zawng zawng pek an ni ngai lo va, state tlem zawk, sum leh paia harsate chauh pek ṭhin a ni. FC ten Revenue Deficit Grant an ruahman dan hetiang a ni. State tinte anmahni puala sum an hmuh theih zat (own revenue receipt) leh sum an hman dan an chhût phawt a; chumi hnuah sawrkar laipui chhiah aṭanga an chan tur zat (share in central taxes) an chhut leh a. Sawrkar laipui chhiah atanga an chan tur hisâp hnua sum indaih lohna nei state-te chu ṭanpuina ‘grants-in-aid’ kum 5 chhung atan a ruahmansak ṭhin a ni. Hei vang hian Revenue Deficit Grant hi ‘Non-Plan/Post Devolution Revenue Deficit Grant (PDRDG)’ tih a ni bawk ṭhin. FC-15 kha Revenue Deficit Grant tihtawp dan kawng zawng tura tih a nih laiin state 17 hnenah a pe hlauh thung.

Revenue Deficit Grant hi state rethei leh pachhe tan a hlu hle. State sawrkarin a mamawh dan anga a hman theih untied fund a ni. Hlawh leh ro tling thil siam nan emaw, hma thar lak nan emaw an hmang thei. Grants-in-aid dang zawng hi hmanna tur awm sa tied fund an ni thung. Tualchhung sawrkar pual ṭanpuina te, chhiat tawh thila ṭanpuina te, CSS zawng zawngte hi hmanna tur leh hman dan tur ruahman sa vek a ni.

Revenue Deficit Grant chungchangah inhnialna tawp thei lo a awm a. State ṭhenkhat chuan ‘RDG avang hian state-te hi chhiah lak leh inrenchem kawngah an inthlahdah phah’ an ti a. Ṭhenkhat chuan ‘State hrang hrangte hi hmasawnna kawngah an dinhmun a inchen lo va, a bikin tlang ram state-te chu infrastructure lamah an hniam a, thil man a sang bik bawk. Chuvangin state harsa bikte Revenue Deficit Grants pek thin hi a âwm hle. India Danpui pawhin hei hi a ngai pawimawh a ni’ an ti.

FC-16 chuan Revenue Deficit Grant hian beiseina dik lo adverse incentive a siam a, hmu zel tura inngaihna a pe bawk. Sum indaih lohna tihtawp an tum loh phah a, sum indaih lohna benvawn siamtu niin a ngai. FC-16 chuan state sum dinhmunte zir chiangin, a bikin state chhiah lak zat te, sawrkar hnathawk hlawh te, leiba pung rulhna senso te, pension atana hman zat leh a thlawna thil sem subsidy & tranfers atana sum an sen dan te thlirin, state sawrkarte hian chhiah tam zawk an la khawm thei a, sum renchem dan kawng pawh an zawng thei a ti a. Hei vang hian Revenue Deficit Grant ruahmanna a siam ta lo a ni.

Revenue Deficit Grant hi Mizoram sawrkar tan a hlu hle. Sawrkar laipui chhiaha Mizoram chanvo (tax devolution) leh Revenue Deficit Grant hi kan mamawhna apianga kan hman theih, sum zalen ‘untied grant’ a ni. FC-15 rawtna angin Mizoram chuan Revenue Deficit Grant cheng vaibelchhe 6,544 a dawng a, kum tin vbc 1,309 hmu ang a ni. Revenue Deficit Grant kan hmu chung pawh a sum indaih lo, pûkna tur zawng ruai reng kan ni. Revenue Deficit Grant awm ta lo hian state inrelbawlnaah harsatna tam tak a siam dawn a ni.

FC-16 rawtna angin sawrkar laipui chhiah aṭanga Mizoram chanvo hi zaa 0.564 a ni a. FC-15 ruahman zat 0.500 aiin tlemin a sang hret a. Mizoram chanvo pun chhan hi chhiah insem dan tehkhawng tihdanglam vang a ni. State zau zawng (area) hlut zawng tihhniam a ni a; hei hian state lian leh te zawk te chanvo a pawt hniam. Fiscal policy tehkhawng (tax & fiscal effort) tibovin, hemi aiah state hausakna (GSDP) hman a ni a, a hlut zawng zaa 10 lai dah a ni. Hei hi state ṭhenkhatin an hlawkpui a, Mizoram pawhin a hlawkpui ve a ni. Tehkhawng thar hi state zatvein an ṭhatpui a, a zatve dangin an chhiatpui thung.

Tun hnai hian sawrkar laipui hi state tan a uikawm sawt hle niin a lang. Kum 2014 khan Planning Commission tihtawp a ni tawh a, tun hnaiah Finance Commission-te’n state mamawh leh sector ngaih pawimawh bik puala rawtna an siamte sawrkar laipui hian a pawmpui ta mang lo niin a hriat.

Mizoram hian Finance Commission hrang hrang hnuaiah hamṭhatna tam tak a lo dawng tawh ṭhin. Kan hriat angin FC-9 khan UT leiba min thaibosak a, FC-10-in Lengpui Airport bul ṭanna tur min pe. FC-11 khan New Capital Project leh Raj Bhavan Complex sakna tur min pe a, FC-12 khan BAFFACOS atan cheng vbc 40 leh sport complex atan cheng vbc 25 min pe. FC-13 khan min pe tam ber awm e, cheng vbc 250 min pe a ni.

FC-14 chuan sawrkar laipui chhiaha state chanvo (vertical share) chu zaa 32 atangin zaa 42-ah a tisang a. State pual rawtna siam lovin, sector ngaih pawimawh bik atan sum faia pe lovin, ruahmanna thar siam lam a rawt thung. FC-15 (2021-2026)-in state/sector specific grants atan rawtna a siam nual a; scheme awm sa aṭanga tihpuitlin ni se tiin sawrkar laipui chuan a ti thung.

FC hmasa lamte’n India ram fiscal federalism zah takin, state sawrkar tan ruahmanna tam tak an siamsak ṭhin a. FC-16-in state pual ruahmanna pakhat pawh siam lovin, RDG a titawp ta mai hian ngaihtuahna a tithui hle. India ram fiscal federalism kungpui pawimawh tak pakhat chu kih thlukin a awm ta a ni.

RDG hi tlang ram state tan a chhenfakawm zual a, a tawp mai tur hi a pawiin, a uiawm tak zet a ni. India ram chuan fiscal policy rule mumal tak a siam a; state tam tam takte’n RDG tihbo dan tur mumal taka an kalpui mek laia FC-16-in RDG a titawp ta mai hi a hrilhaithlak hle. Tunah chuan Mizoram sawrkar pawhin chhiah leh sawrkar sum tam zawk hai lut tura ṭan a lak a, subsidy leh a thlawna sem (cash transfer) chi te ruahmanna fel tak nen a kalpui a ngai dawn ta a ni.

- Prof. Vanlalchhawna