RAMBUAI KHAWKHAWM (PPV vis a vis Group Centre)

Hun a kal ta deuh a niang, Mizo ṭhalai tam takin rambuai khawkhawm hre lo an tam ta hle mai. Mizoramin a hun tawnah hun hrehawm leh khirh ber lai a nih avangin ṭhangtharte’n an hriat a ṭul tlat a ni.

Khatia MNF-in silai leka independence an sual, India sorkar laipuiin a chhan letna kha, khawmualah leh van boruakah râlpui phiara phiarin a rawn thawk kha a ni a. A Army ṭha advance party-ah rawn tirin, pawisak nei mauh lovin Mizoramah an lo lut a, ralthuam famkim nen an rawn thawk a ni. Khaw tin an rawn rûn a nih kha.

Van lamah lah jet fighter, Toofani leh Hunter, Tezpur (Assam) aṭangin Zoramah bomb thlak turin an rawn thawk a, khaw sawm (10) laiah bomb an rawn thlak a ni. Jet fighter-in a beihna chhan chhuanlama an siam ber chu, India sipai post-a awmte ei tur leh tui an danchar vangah an puh. Bomb an thlakna khuate chu:

1) Aizawl–05.03.1966

2) Khawzawl–06.03.1966

3) Hnahlan–07.03.1966

4) Sangau–08.03.1966

5) Tlabung–09.03.1966

6) Pukpui–13.03.1966

7) Bunghmun–23.03.1966

8) S. Mualṭhuam–06.09.1966

9) Vartekkai–06.09.1966

10) Hmuntlang

MNF hovin February 28, 1966 zan aṭang khan Operation Jericho vuahin India sipai Mizorama hmun hrang hranga awmte an bei a, camp lak pawh an nei nual nghe nghe a nih kha (Champhai, Assam Rifles Lunglei, Assam Rifles Tlabung, BSF, etc). India sipai chuan Operation Jericho chhan letna atan Operation Blanket tia vuahin hrohrâng na takin an che let ta a ni. Mahse, he Operation Blanket hi a hlawhtling lo. Dt. 5.3.1966-ah Central sorkar chuan Mizoram chu rambuaiah a puang nghal a; khatihlaia Home Minister Gulzarilal Nanda phei chuan MNF chu râwt sawm tur (MNF would be crushed by the military efforts of the state) a ti hial a ni. Tlangkam titiah phei chuan, “A mihring kan duh hleinem, a ram alawm kan duh; Mizote chu an tam hleinem, rail wagon hnih leng tawk lek alawm an nih. (khatih lai khan nuai 3.5 vel kan ni, 1961 census-ah 2,66,063 kan ni). Han phur thla ula, Rajasthan thlalerah tuikawng (canal) laihtir ila,” a ti e, an ti. Khatiang em chu a thleng ta lo a nih kha.

OPERATION ACCOMPLISHMENT

MNF insurgency beihna atana fumfê taka an duan chhuah tak ber chu khawkhawm (Operation Accomplishment) a ni. A rawttu ber chu Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw a ni a; khatihlaia Lt. Gen. Sam Manekshaw, GOC-in-C, Eastern Command, Calcutta kha a ni. Ani khan a entawn ber chu Malaya-a British Army Briggs Plan a ni. Kum 1948-1969 Malayan Emergency laia Communist hel pawl National Liberation Army beihna atana British Army Commander Gen. Sir Harold Briggs-a duan chhuah a ni a; anni khan khaw eng emaw zat kha khung khawmin, hel pawl kha ei leh inah an hrêk a ni.

Central sorkar khan a tirah chuan, “A râwvâ deuh e,” tiin Lt.Gen. Sam Manekshaw ruahmanna siam chu an pawm mai lo va, an siamṭhat deuh hnuah December 1966-ah an pawm ta a ni. Chu an rawtna chu PPV (Protected Progressive Village) kha a ni. An rawtnaah chuan, MNF volunteer-te ei tur hrêk a nih rualin mipuite tana ṭha tur hamṭhatna tam tak a awm ve nghe nghe. A hnu zelah khawkhawm chu an chhunzawm a, chhawng li lai a awm ta nghe nghe a ni.

1. Protected Progressive Village (PPV)

Indian Army thuneitute’n an lo ruahman tawh angin MNF insurgency beihna atan Grouping thawh khatna chu January ni 4, 1967-ah an ṭan ta a. Silchar – Kolasib–Aizawl–Lunglei road aṭanga mel 10 huam chhunga khaw 106 chu kawngpui tlangdung khaw 18-ah an khawm lui phawt a. Chungte chu (population nen):

1) Vairengte – 1,988

2) Bilkhawthlir–2,709

3) Thingdawl–2,705

4) Kawnpui–3,650

5) Lungdai–2,048

6) Sihphir–2,635

7) Durtlang–2,823

8) Zemabawk–1,958

9) Thingsulthliah–3,662

10) Tlungvel–2,757

11) Baktawng–3,049

12) Chhingchhip–3,933

13) Chhiahtlang–3,269

14) Serchhip–3,615

15) Bungtlang–2,499

16) Pangzawl–2,589

7) Hnahthial–3,921

18) Zobawk–2,699

Kolasib chu admintrative Centre a ni a, security protection ni sa a nih bawk avangin PPV-ah hian telh a ni ve lo. (Mahse khawkhawm nan chuan an hmang ve tho). Heng PPV hmuna mipui khawm te hi barricade siam in mau zumin sakuhuilut siama hung vek a ni.

Heng PPV hminga khaw khawm te hi The Defence of India Rules 1962 tlawhchhana tih a ni. February 1967 atangin heng PPV-te hi Civil Administration hnuaiah an dah a. Assam Civil Service Officer-te chu Administrative Officer-a dahin, an awp a; venhimna lam erawh Security Force kutah a awm a ni. Sorkar ruahman dan chuan heng PPV te hi tha taka enkawl tur a ni a; free ration (one year) GCI sheet bundle khat bakah an inhlawhna tur ruahman sak te, Education tih changtlun te, Service Coooerative Society din te, water supply leh kawng siam that te a tel a ni. PPV tinah ei tur chhek khawlna turin godown sak tura ruahman vekin Contractor pawhin PPV tina steel structures lian pui pui a dah vek hman a, engemaw vangin an sa puitling ta lo a ni. He Plan hi hlawhtling nual mahse hmun then khatah a fail a ni. A buaithlak ta ber chu lo neih a harsa a ni. Ramriah- chawfun kha Security Force te khan an phal tlat lo kha a ni. Chuvang chuan mipuiin ṭam an tawk lo thei lo a ni.

2. New Group Centre (NGC)

PPV zawh hnuah khawkhawm thawh hnihna (2nd phase of grouping) turin Assam Maintenance of Public Order Act, 1953 tlawhchhanin kum 1967- 1969 chhungin khawkhawm an ti leh a. He grouping-ah hian Tripura leh East Pakistan ramri bul khua te, Lunglei leh Lawngtlai kawng te, Lunglei leh Demagiri kawng te, Seling leh Champhai lam kawng te, Darlawn – Khawbung, North Vanlaiphai–Serchhip te a huam a. Khaw 184 chu centre 39-ah an khawm a, mihring 97,339 a nghawng. Heng NGC hnuaia khawmte hi an inbenbelna atan chhungkaw khatah Rs 500 pek an ni.

Chung centre khuate chu:

1) Lokicherra – 5,910

2) Rengdil – 4,493

3) Kawrtethawveng – 2,254

4) Tuipuibari – 4,061

5) Phuldungsei – 834

6) Marpara – 1,507

7) Darngawn (W) – 627

8) Puankhai – 1,367

9) Kawnpui (W) – 1,515

10) Demagiri – 5,660

11) Kalaichera – 599

12) Barapansuri – 1,079

13) Jarulchari – 1,090

14) Vaseitlang – 3,577

15) Parva – 1,941

16) Lungsen – 2,579

17) Hauruang – 1,114

18) Lawngtlai – 2,514

19) Thingfal – 1,598

20) Ruantlang – 2,790

21) Bungzung – 3,190

22) Vanzau – 2,671

23) Ṭawipui – 2,481

24) Zote – 2,184

25) Ruallung – 1,876

26) Saitual – 2,301

27) Kawlkulh – 2,183

28) Khawzawl – 5,000 approx

29) Champhai – 2,822

30) Chawngtlai – 2,169

31) Vaphai – 2,357

32) Farkawn – 2,548

33) Khawbung – 3,067

34) East Lungdar – 3,830

35) N. Vanlaiphai – 1,915

36) Cherhlun – 2,800

37) Khawlailung – 1,534

38) Neihdawn – 2,078

39) South Vanlaiphai – 3,084

3. Voluntary Grouping Centre (VGC)

Khawkhawm thawh thumna chu Voluntary Grouping Centre (VGC) an ti a, kum 1968-1970 August chhungin khaw 110 chu centre 26-ah an khawm zo a, mihring 47,156 lai an che vel a ni. Chung an khawmna centre khuate chu:

1) Lallen – 718

2) Lengpui – 1,126

3) Hmunpui – 774

4) Bukpui – 1,247

5) Sairang – 2,207

6) Hlimen – 1,647

7) Khawrihnim – 964

8) Reiek – 1,488

9) Rawpuichhip – 827

10) Hortoki – 1,995

11) Bairabi – 1,757

12) West Phaileng – 1,231

13) Lungpho – 2,726

14) Khawhai – 3,726

15) Sialhawk – 2,289

16) Chhipphir – 1,795

17) Mualṭhuam – 1,377

18) Haulawng – 2,127

19) Thingsai – 2,201

20) Thenzawl – 3,451

21) Darlung – 1,412

22) Kanghmun – 945

23) Buarpui – 1,461

24) Sialsuk – 2,281

25) Bunghmun – 2,461

26) Chawngte – 3,113

Total – 47,156

4. Extended Loop Area (ELA)

He grouping thawh 4-na an tih mai hi kum 1968-1970 chhung thova thawh a ni. Khaw 63 chu grouping centre 17-ah hruai khawm an ni a, mihring 34,219 khawm an ni. AMPOA tlawhchhan thova khawkhawm a ni a, he khawkhawmah hian 59 Mountain Brigade-ho an che a ni. Chung khawkhawmna centre-te chu:

1) Darlawn – 3,102

2) Ngopa – 1,952

3) Suangpuilawn – 2,322

4) Kepran – 2,136

5) Ratu – 1,498

6) Hnahlan – 2,270

7) Changzawl – 2,815

8) Vervek – 2,098

9) Zohmun – 2,325

10) Vanbawng – 1,603

11) Khawruhlian – 3,058

12) Phullen – 2,051

13) Mimbung – 1,557

14) Khawlian – 1,843

15) Phuaibuang – 1,687

16) Kawlbem – 477

OTHER CENTRES

Heng khawkhawm ṭhuang 4-a khawm kan sawi bakah khian khaw lian ve deuh chu a chhehvel khuate chu sawi khawm an ni a; chungte chu – Mamit (mi 2,573), Tuipang (mi 1,365) leh Sangau (mi 1,000 vel) te an ni. Heng khaw pathuma mihring awm zat chu 4,935 an ni.

Chutichuan, India sipaite’n MNF insurgent beihna atana an khaw khawm zat chu khaw 516 a ni a, chu chu Mizorama khaw awm zat 764 atangin 80% a ni, mihring 1,68,853-in khawkhawm hi an tuar a ni.

Thil mak deuh pakhat chu, Biate leh Chalrang khuain grouping an tuar ve lo kha a ni. Army authority chuan Sialhawka group tura ruahman ni mah se, khawtlang hruaitute leh khatihlaia Distruct Council ngenna avangin group an ni ve ta lo. Tin, khatihlaia P-L Region area khan grouping an tuar ve lo a; Riasika khuaah inkahna a awm vanga 1969-a Saihaa kum khat emaw an khawm chhoh tih loh chu.

Sateek tlangdung hian khawkhawm an tuar ve lo bawk; Gauhati High Court a inrawlh hman avangin. He tlangdung hi grouping tura ruahman diam a ni a; mahse, kum 1970-ah District Council-in an thiampuipa Pu J. Malsawma Gauhati-ah tirin High Court-ah an khing a, khawkhawm hi India Constitution-a Fundamental Rights kalh a ni tiin Court chuan khawkhawm a titawp ta a ni.

- S. Ronghinglova

MCS (Rtd) & H. Laizika MCS (Rtd)