THING LEH MAUTE HI HUMHALH ANG U

Hman kum lawkah Mizoram hi Best Green Forest-ah thlan kan ni a, nimahsela, hetiang em em chu kan ni lo deuh awm e. A enga pawh lo ni se la, kan Zoram hi ramngaw nei ṭha ang reng tak kan ni nâin, keimahni mipuite hian kan vât chereu hneh hle mai a, khawi lai hmunah mai pawh hi vah chereu hnu leh ram bua hmuh tur a awm vek tawh mai a. Kan pi leh pute hun lai aṭang tawha kum tin lo vâta thlawhhma neih hi kan chin ṭhan leh ṭhanhnan a ni tawh a, vawiin thlengin kan la bânsan hleithei lo a, kan la chhawm zel a, a pawi ngawt mai.

Lo neihna atana ramngaw ṭha lai vah leh hâl hi kan hnam nunphunga bet tlat tawh a ni a, kan kalphunga kan neih tawh hi thlak danglam theih ni se a duhawm hle. Chuti a nih loh chuan kan tu leh fate tan ram nuam leh duhawm hi kan nei lo mai ang tih pawh hlauhawm tak a ni. Ramngaw ṭha hi hnam changkang zawkte chuan boruak ṭha siamtu a nih avangin an humhalh ṭha em em a, kum 2020-a Brazil rama ramngaw kâng te, California ramngaw kângte kha mipui mai bakah, sorkarin theihtawpin a ṭhelh mihnaah tha an thawh mai bakah, sum leh pai pawh ṭhahnem tham tak an seng a ni. Ramngaw hlutzia an hria a, ramngaw siam hautakzia leh hun a duh reizia an hriat avangin ramngaw neih sa humhalhna kawngah tha an thlah lo a, sum leh pai lamah pawh îpna an nei hek lo.

Kum 20 kal tawha Serchhip leh Keiṭum inkar kawng kama thing buk ṭha tak tak awm ṭhinte kha hmuh tur a vâng tawh hle mai a, a piah lawka ramngaw ṭha pui puite pawh a lo chereu zo ta. Sava hrâm hriat tur a awm tawh ngai lo te chuan thin a tirim zual a, a khawharthlak ngawih ngawih. Ni a sa em em a, thlan tui a luang zawih zawih reng a, kawng kam thing hlim chawlh chakawm tak tak tur a awm ta lo hi a pawi hle. Hetianga kan kal zel a nih chuan Zoram hian thlaler ram nun kan tawng chho zel ang a, kum rei lo teah hian he ram hi thlaler ramah kan la chantir lo ang tih pawh a sawi theih loh a nih hi.

Tuipang thlenga double road tura kawngpui laih mekte pawh hi a ropui a, a ṭangkai dawn tehlul nen hian, an kawngpui laihna leivung paih danin thin a tirim viau thung. Kawng ko ft 60 vel lai tura sang tein an lai a, a zâwn kawng thlang lamah a rem dan danin an paih liam leh mai ṭhin a. Kawng thlang lama thing ṭha tak tak leh mau hring dupte chu a delh chhiain nasa takin a chhilh bo a. Kawng ko an laih ang bawk chuan kawng thlang lam chu leivung chuan a chhilh bawk. A hmun aṭang leh ral hla aṭanga thlir chuan ṭah a chhuak zawk. Lunglei hnaih lam, Dâwn khaw chung leh hnuai lama vah loh ram kâng fere tak tak hmuh phei chuan insum har ti takin mittui tla dawn dawnin ka thlir a, ka ṭah hi a chhuak em em a, hmeichhe áwmnêm deuh ni ila chuan ṭah hawm hawm ka chak viau. A pawi hi ka ti takzet a, an vah chin kang chu a hriatthiam theih em em rualin an vah loh lai, ram ṭha lai zau tak tak a kang chhia hi pawi ka ti hle.

Engtin nge hetiang kalphung hi kan tihdanglam theih ang, tih hi khawtlang hruaitu tinte hian ngaihtuahna nei se a duhawm hle a. Kum tina hetianga ram ṭha lai kan vât a, kum khat atan chauh lo neihna atana kan hmang a, a kum leha hmun dang kan vah leh ṭhin ang kalphung hi tihdanglamna awm se la, environment humhalhna lam awareness uar ni se a duhawm. Thingtlang lo neih hi kan la bânsan tak tak theia a rinawm loh avang hian kan ramngaw ṭha hi kan vât chereu zel dawn chu a ni mai si a. Boruak vawng daitu kan nei lo telh telh chauh a ni lo a, nungcha tam tak, chungleng sava leh ramsate hrâm hriat tur a awm lo telh telh bawk.

Hetianga ramngaw kan tihchhiatte hian ngai awh leh turin kum engzat nge an mamawh ang? Ka chhût thiam hauh lo nâin kum sawm hnih aia tam an mamawh ngeiin ka ring. Chutianga ngai an awh leh hma chuan engtiang takin nge hmun dang a lo chhiat bawk ang tihte ka ngaihtuahnaah a awm bawk a, pawi ka ti em em a ni. An hnen aṭanga boruak thinghlim kan dawn hlutziate hi hre thar ila, a thlawna boruak thianghlim kan dawn man tamziate hi hre ta vek ila chuan, hetiang hian ramngaw ṭha kan tichereu duh hauh lo ang maw le. Mihring hian zir tur kan va ngah tak em. Chhungkaw tin, pawl tin leh sorkar lam pawh hian environment humhalhna lam hi uar takin sawi ṭheuh ila, hma kan sawn deuh ang em ka ti a ni.

January 7, 2025-ah khan America rama Santa Monica leh Malibu inkar, Pacific Palisades-a ram kâng ṭan chu khawro leh thli tleh chuan a tihdarh zel avangin Los Angeles ram chu ram a kâng duai duai mai a, film star ho chenna hmun pawh a kâng a, an tlanchhe nasa a, hmun him an zawng a, an mangang hle.

Khawvel hi ram kâng avangin vawi tam tak a lo buai tawh ṭhin. Kum 1910-ah khan America ramah The Great Fire of 1910 chu Idaho leh Montana hmunah a thleng a, August 20-21 chhung chauha thleng mah ni se, acre maktaduai 3 laia zau kâng chhe hman a, mi 87 an thi. The Black Saturday Bushfires an tih pawh chu Australia ramah February 7, 2009-ah khan a thleng a, acre maktaduai 1.7 laia zau ram a kâng chhe hman a, mi 173 an thi a ni. The Camp Fire an tih chu California, America-a November 8-25, 2018 chhungin a thleng a, a nasa hle mai a, acre 1,53,336 laia zau ram a kâng chhia a, mi 85 lai an thi bawk. Heng lo pawh hi sawi tur a la tam nâin, heti chin hi duhtawk rih mai ila, khawvel hian ram kâng a lo tuar fo tawh ṭhin a ni.

Ram kâng a thlen fo avang hian kan chenna khawvel boruak a lum telh telh a. Sik leh sa inthlakthleng (climate change) avanga boruak lum telh telh hi rawn thleng anga sawi ni ṭhin mah se la, global warming kan tih tak hi chu mihringin ramngaw kan tihchhiat nasat avanga thleng a ni tiin sawi ila a dik ber zawk awm e. Global warming tih hi Mizo ṭawng chuan, khawvel lumna chawhruala lo sang ta sawina a ni mai a. Khawvel hmun hrang hrang hi a lum leh vawh dan a inang lo a, hmun ṭhenkhat a lum viau laiin, hmun ṭhenkhatah chuan a vawt em em thung. Chutihrual chuan, kan khawvel hian lum lam a pan telh telh a, mihringte’n boruak vawng daitu tur ber ramngaw kan ṭhiah nasat avang leh kan nun awlsamna atana khawl thil kan hman uar avanga sik leh sa danglamna nasa tak a thlen chho zel tak avang hian khawvel hi lum sawt zel nia hriat a ni.

Kum zabi 20-na laihawl vel aṭanga khawvel lum zualna chhan nia sawi chu greenhouse effect a ni a. Greenhouse avanga khawvel lum chhoh zelna chhan chu kan chenna khawvel hian ni aṭangin solar radiation (ni zung) kan dawng a, chu ni zung chuan kan chenna khawvel a thlen hnuin ṭhenkhat inkhawh let leh tur chu greenhouse gases (water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane leh nitrous oxide) te chuan an lo dang ta a, tichuan khawvel hi lum nuam tawk (10°C) velah a chantir ta a. Chuti ni lo se la chuan -25°C vel emaw a ni ang a, a vawt lutuk dawn a, mihring chen theihna rual a ni lo ang.

Nimahsela, greenhouse gases kan tihte hi nasa takin a lo pung ta a, mamawh aia tam a lo awm takah chuan mihring tana hnawksak mai ni loin, chenna tlak loha khawvel siamtu hial a rawn ni ta a. Kum tina kan ramngaw ṭha tak tak a kan duai duai ṭhin avangin boruak vawng dai a, boruak thianghlim min petu kan tihchereu nasat lutuk avangin mamawh aia tam greenhouse gases pung ta zel hi kan la tuar zel dawn ni pawhin a hriat a, a pawi hle. Kum za hma lam nena khaihkhinin kan khawvel hi chawhrualin 1.4°C velin a lum tawh zawk a. Industry leh scientific revolution aṭang khan leilung hian a chakna (resource) chu zawi zawiin a lo ral telh telh a, mihring ei leh in tur mamawh a lo san chhoh zel bawk avangin kan ei tur siamna aṭangin bawlhhlawh tam tak a lo chhuak bawk ṭhin. Kum tinin boruak lum leh vawt a danglam zel ang hian ruahsur dan pawh a danglam a; thlipui tleh dan pawh a danglam zel a, chutiang bawkin tuifinriat level pawh a pangngai reng thei bik hek lo.

Khawvel lumna hi kum 1700 chho tawp lama Industrial Revolution awm ṭan lai aiin 1.5°C velin a sang tawh zawk a. Chu chu keini tan chuan thil danglam tak angin a lang lo mai thei a, khawvel hmun tam takah chuan boruak lum leh vawt inthlak danglamna nasa tak an tawk a, hei hian leilunga thilnung tinreng hriselna zawng zawng a nghawng a. Kum 1950-ah khan khawvela carbon dioxide (CO2) tam lam chu ton tluklehdingawn 6 vel a ni a, kum 1990-ah chuan a let 4-in a pung. Chu mai ni lovin, tunlai CO2 emission control loh chu ton tluklehdingawn 35 zet a tling tawh an ti. Global warming thlentu langsar ber chu industry, khawpui lian, ramngaw tihchhiat leh mihringin nun khawchhuahna atana kan thiltih tam takte hi a ni a. Heng mihringte thiltih hian greenhouse gases nasa takin a tipung a ni.

Khawvel hmun hrang hrangah kan ramngawte kan enkawl uluk loh avangin Mizoram lêt 5 dawn ramngaw kum tin tihchhiat ziah a ni a, tunah phei chuan khawvel pumpuiah ramngaw 31% (acre billion 10) chauh kan nei tawh. Khawvel ram hrang hranga ramngaw kan neih dan chu hetiang hi a ni: Brazil-ah 26.5%, Zaire-ah 9.2%, Indonesia-ah 6.1%. India, Peru, Angola leh Bolivia ramahte 3.0% ang vel ṭheuh a awm mek a; heng baka 40% chu ram hrang hrangah tlem tlemin a awm hlawm bawk.

India ram bikah State of Forest Report, 2021 (FSI) tarlang danin, ram zau zawng aṭanga chhûtin 24.6% hi ramngaw a ni a, ‘Chhura rual’ kan tih ramngaw phei chu 4% pawh a tling tawh lo. Mizoramah pawh ramngaw kan neih dan hi a kum tèlin a tlem telh telh a; State of Forest Report tarlang danin, kum 2011-ah 90.68%, 2013-ah 90.38%, 2015-ah 88.93%, 2017-ah 86.27%, 2019-ah 85.41%, 2021-ah 84.53% a ni. Mizoramah hian kan hmuh angin kan ramngaw neihte kan enkawl ṭhat loh avangin nasa takin a tlahniam zel a, Chhura rual tih theih tur ramngaw ṭha phei chu 0.74% chauh a awm tawh.

Mithiamte sawi dan chuan, mihring pangngai hian ni khatah vawi 22,000 kan thaw hman a, boruak kg 16 vel kan hîp lut ṭhin an ti a. Boruak kan hîp luh chu thlai leh thing aṭanga kan hmuh a ni. Buh ṭin hnih leh a chanve hmun ramngaw hian boruak tibawlhhlawhtu boruak chhia (CO2) kg 3,700 hîp ralin, boruak ṭha (oxygen) kg 200 a pe chhuak an ti a; thing kung pakhat hlutna hi cheng nuai 50-60 hu vel a ni ang, an ti. Mihring tan chauh ni loin, nungcha chi tin tan ramngaw hi chenna hmun a ni a. Sava leh nungcha tam tak pawh hmuh tur an awm tawh lo a, sakhi hûk ri pawh hriat tur a awm ta lo a, tlaiberh hrâm ri takngial pawh hriat tur a vâng ta!

Hawh teh u, a la tlai hma hian kan rama thing leh maute hi theihtawpin humhalh ila, kan tu leh fa rawn la awm zel turte tana chenna tlak ni turin vawiin aṭang hian ṭan ila ṭheuh ang u.

- Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak