Hnamzia, Dan, Kristianna

Dan (court/dan rorelna) leh Kristianna tih te hi chu sawifiah ngai loah ngai ila. Sapṭawnga ‘culture’ an tih hi Mizo ṭawng chuan ‘hnamzia’ tiin a dah theih awm e. ‘Tradition’ leh ‘custom’ an tih hi ‘tihṭhinzia’ ti ila, a tum a ṭhelh lutuk lo ang chu maw. Mithiamte chuan ‘language is culture’ an ti a, hnamzia chu ṭawng a ni e, tih a kâwk a ni. Hnamzia chu ṭawngah a inphum a, ṭawng aṭangin hnamzia a lan avangin. Hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia te hi mihringin a zir nungchang khawsazia a ni e, an ti bawk a. A awmzia chu, hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia te hi mihringin a zir thei thil a nih avangin inthlak danglam lo (static) a ni lo a, inthlak reng (dynamic) a ni. Zofate chi hrang hrang hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia te pawh a inthlak nasat tawhzia chu tlanghriat a ni. Thanks to Kristianna, urbanization, globalization leh India, Myanmar, Bangladesh, etc khua leh tui nihna te.

Hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia te hi static ni loa dynamic a ni hi a ṭha. Chutichuan, hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia ṭha lote chu kalsan leh ṭhansanin hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia thar leh ṭhate zirin hma kan sawn zel thei dawn a ni. Chutihlaiin, Mizorama Congress sawrkar khan ‘The Mizo Marriage, Divorce and Inheritance of Property Act, 2014’ a siam a, kan sawrkar hrawn mek ZPM sawrkar hian siamṭhain, ‘The Mizo Marriage and Inheritance of Property (Amendment) Act, 2026’ chu a pass a. He dan hlui leh dan thar te hian inneihna leh rochun thua inthlak danglam reng Zofate hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia te chu customary law (dan) angin a nemnghet (codified) a, dan amendment siam hma zawng chu inthlak tawh loh turin a ruahman ta a ni.

‘The Mizo Marriage and Inheritance of Property (Amendment) Act, 2026’ dan thara sawi hlawh ber chu Section 2-a ‘This Act applies to all marriages where both the parties belong to the Mizo tribe or where the male member of the marriage belongs to any Mizo tribe’ tih hi a ni awm e. Heng thu hi advocate JC Lalnunsanga, Advocate-on-Record, Supreme Court chuan Feb 26, 2026-ah tiang hian Mizo ṭawngin a post a: “Dan siamṭhat hian inneihnaa mipa leh hmeichhia chu Mizo tribe (hnam) an nih ve vein emaw, inneihnaa a mipa zawk Mizo tribe zing a mi a nihin a huam. ‘Mizo’ tihin a huam chu mi tupawh a pianna aṭanga Mizo ni emaw, a pa chu eng Mizo tribe zing emaw ni ber a mi a nihin a ni a, dan ang taka falâkte pawh a huam.”

Chief Minister-in Bill put luh lai a, “Inneihna zawng zawng kha mipa hmeichhia a huap vek khan siam a ni a. Tuna kan danin a huap tura hi chu a hmeichhia leh a mipa Mizo ni a huap ang a. Tin, a mipa zawk Mizo a nihin a huap ang a, hmeichhia chu a huap tel tawh dawn lo a ni. Kan hmeichhiate’n hnam dang an neih khan an Mizona a tawp tawh dawn a ni a. An fate’n tribal an nihnate an claim thei tawh lo ang a. Kan dan hnuaiah hian an awm tawh dawn lo tihna a ni,” tia a sawi kha mak tih hlawh ber leh hmeichhiate, a bik takin hnam dang pasal neih Mizo hmeichhiate rilru tina bertu chu a ni awm e.

Hemi chungchangah hian advocate JC Lalnunsanga bawk chuan, “He dan hi inneih, inṭhen, rokhawm chungchang relna tura dan a nih avangin Mizo nihna bo leh bo loh te, tribal nihna chungchang sawina dan a ni lo a. Mizo nihna te, tribal nihna te chu a thu leh hla azir zelin chutiang atana dan awm sa hmang chuan ngaihtuah tur a ni ang. Hemi chungchanga inhnialna awm theih a nih chuan thutlukna siamtu chu High Court/Supreme Court a ni a. He dan thar hman tur avanga lungawih lohna pawh court-ah a kal theih reng a ni,” tiin a sawifiah.

‘The Mizo Marriage and Inheritance of Property (Amendment) Act, 2026’ hian ADC area-te a huam lo ang tih a ni a. Chutihlaiin Chief Minister-in House-a a comment aṭanga a lan danah erawh chuan, ADC area-a awm Mizote chuan an duh chuan an hmang thei tih a ni. “ADC area-a awm Mizote” hi tute nge an ni tih leh bill chhunga thu dangte leh Chief Minister sawizauna dangte chu hun dangah tuihnih tur atan dah ila. He article-ah chuan hnam dang pasal neih Mizo hmeichhiate leh an fate’n an Mizo nu leh pa leh pi leh pute ro an luah theih tawh loh tur chungchang hi sawi kan tum ber dawn a ni.

Mizo hmeichhiain hnam dang pasal a neih chuan, chu hmeichhia chuan a nu leh pa ro a luah thei lo ang a, a fate pawh Mizo an ni thei lo ang a, a fate chu Mizo an nih loh avangin an Mizo pi leh pute ro an luah thei lo bawk ang, tih dan hi ngaihtuah chian chuan, pi leh pute hun laia hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia ai pawhin a khauh zawk tawh a ni. He dan hian hnam dang nupui neih mipate a huam ve tlat si lo a, chuvangin, kan sawrkar inpuiah hian mipa lalna (patriarchal & androcentric) hnamzia leh hnam thliarhranna (racism) rilru puthmangte a inphumzia a lo lang a ni. Non-Mizo ‘hnam dang’ tih hian eng hnamte nge a huap tih pawh sawifiahna awmin a lang lo. Non-tribal Vai, Sap, African, Chinese, Korean, Burmese, etc chauh nge a huap, kan chhehvela hnam dang – Khasi, Garo, Naga, Arunachal hnamte, Kok Brok, Bodo, Karbi, Chakma, etc – tribal hnamte hi a huap tel ve em, tih pawh sawifiah a ni lo.

Tunlaia India leh khawvel ram hrang hrangte leh kohhrante’n mipa leh hmeichhia intluktlanna (gender equality) leh hnam zawng zawngte intluktlanna (racial equality) te chawisâng leh tihlârnaa hma lain, hma pawh a sawn tawh hle laiin, Mizoram sawrkar erawh chuan hmanlaia mipa lalna patriarchal khawvelah khan min kîrpui leh a tum em ni, tih theih tur dinhmunah kan awm a. Gender leh racial equality chawisângtu tur leh kalpuitu tura ngaih sawrkar berin hmeichhia leh mipa thliar hrang a, hmeichhiate rahbehna (gender discrimination & oppression) leh hnam thliarhranna (racial discrimination) dan a han pass tlat mai chu, kumzabi 21-na democracy leh human rights ngai pawimawh tura ngaih sawrkar thiltih atan chuan a hun tawh lo leh a awm lo hle chauh ni lovin, tunlai khawvela hetiang dan han pass mai chu, chhim lam kan tih dan takin, khawvel dangte hmaikhap a har dawn hle. Kan sawrkar hrawn mek hian hetianga dan khauh tak a siam hi ṭha leh dik a tih vang nge, vote bank tihlawm tumna zawk nge tih pawh ngaihtuah tham a tling.

Chu loah pawh, customary law hi dan anga khauh taka kalpui theih chi a ni lo tih hriat a pawimawh hle. Tunlai Mizoramah hian nupui/pasal inneih danah te, rimawi leh hla phuah leh sak danah te leh thil tam takah pipute hun laia an tih ṭhin ang khan kan kal tawh lo. Chu chu dan bawhchhiatna a ni e, tiin hrem kan ni dawn em ni? Ni lul lo ve. Chu loah pawh, customary law chuan gender leh racial equality a do a, mihring pianpui chanvo (human rights) a palzut a nih chuan, court-in, a bik takin High Court leh Supreme Court ten an ṭan a rinawm loh. Court chuan gender leh racial equality leh human rights lam hawiin thutlukna a siam a rinawm.

Pi leh pute hun lai khan hnam dang pasal nei an lo awm ve ṭhin a. He article ziaktu’n a article hmasa, “Hnam dang nupui/pasal neih: Mara tawnhriat” tih thupui hmanga a ziah tawh ang khan, hnam dang pasal laka an fanu/farnuin a neih a fate chu eng emaw thil avanga an pute khua leh ram lam rawn let a, chutah chuan awm hlen tawh tura an thlang a nih chuan, an pu hnam zaa za an zawm thei a ni. An pu ro pawh an luah thei. An khua mite’n an pu chu, “Khatiang khan i ti tur a ni lo” tiin lal court-ah an khin hriat a ni lo. Anmahni mi leh sa nihna lak tawh an tute chu duat takin an pawm a ni. Mizoram phei chu mihring kan tlem a, inneih pawlhna (mixed marriages) hi kan population tihpun theihna tur kawng pakhat chu a ni ve. Chutihrual chuan, a tam zawk chu mahni hnam ngei an nei zel ang. Inneih pawlh aṭanga lo piang fate pawh Mizo ṭawng hmanga Zofa nihna an la duh zawk a nih chuan, inchimral hlauhna tur a awm lo. Chimral ṭawngkam kan hman dawn chuan, keiniin anni kan chimral tihna a ni zawk dawn a ni.

Ngaih pawimawh tur dang leh chu, Mizoram hi Kristian majority state kan nihna hi theinghilh loh a ṭha hle. Hnamzia leh Kristianna inrem lo lai a awm chuan Kristianna chu a chungnung zawk tur a ni. Chumi avang tak chuan hmanlai pi leh pute hun laia hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia tam tak chu kan kalsan tawh a. Hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia ṭhate erawh chu hmang chhunzawm a, tihseilen tum bawk ila. Isua Kristaah chuan hmeichhia leh mipa te, chi leh hnam hrang hrang te, social class hrang hrang te kan inang vek a ni. Hmeichhia leh mipate hi Pathianin amah anpuia a siam ve ve kan nih avangin (Genesis 1:27) Pathian fapa Kristaah chuan Judai mi leh Grik mi, bâwih leh mi zalen tih leh mipa leh hmeichhia tia thliarhranna te awm tawh lo. Kan intluktlang vek tawh a, kan zain pumkhat kan nih tawh a ni (Kalatia 3:28). Hemi avang tak hian ni, tunlaia Kristian nu leh pa tam tak chuan fapate chauhin nu leh pa ro luah ṭhinna hmanlaia hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia te kha awm tho mah se, an fanute pawh ro an chun zel tawh a ni. Fanu pakhat chauh neih nupa te makpa chu hnam dangmi lo ni ta se, an dam loh lai leh an upat hnua anmahni duattu leh enkawltu an fanu duat leh an makpa leh an tute chu an ro an chun theih lo ang maw? A nunrâwngin a va lungchhiatthlak dawn ve!

‘The Mizo Marriage and Inheritance of Property (Amendment) Act, 2026’ hi chanchinbu, social media, podcast, YouTube, TV, Assembly House, political party office, election campaign, NGO, court leh camera ahte ṭhenkhatin hleihluaka an fakna leh ṭhenkhat tan, a bik takin hmeichhiate tan ṭah hla an sakna te chuaiin a chul hunah chuan, an fanu, farnu, tute (fanu leh farnu fate) hnenah rochun theitu tur nu leh pa thu thu a ni leh mai dawn a. Hnam dang pasal nei hmeichhiate chu an Mizo nihna a bo ang tia sawi awm kha chu, a bo theih lohzia leh a bo loh tur thu sawifiah a ni tawh a, sawi nawn ngai loah dah ila.

Tribal hmeichhiain non-tribal pasal lakah fa a neihte chu Supreme Court-in tribal hamṭhatna an dawng thei a ti chung pawhin, keini an pu leh pi berte’n kan phal ngang lo a nih chuan le, ni e, tribal hamṭhatna public property chungchang chu thu hran ni se la, an nu leh pa, pi leh pu private sum (ro) erawh chu an nu leh pa leh pi leh pu te thu thu a ni. Hnam dangmi an falak, an ṭhian leh awmpui felte mah an neih sum pek duh an awm a nih chuan, an thisen – an fanu, farnu, tu leh fate chu an pek duh hlei hlei ang chu, an farnu/fanu chu hnam dang pasal neih a nih pawhin leh, an farnu/fanuin hnam dangmi laka a neih fate an nih pawhin. Khingtu an awm pawhin court-ah thiam a chang tho a rinawm, amah private sum a nih tlat avangin. A private sum chu a duh duhin a hmang thei a, a sem thei si a. Hei hi hmanlai pi leh pute hun laia tihṭhinzia a ni a, tunlaia Kristianna nen pawh an kal dun ṭha hle.

A tawpah chuan, hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia (culture, custom & tradition) te hi chu dana siama khauh tak leh nghet taka codified ai chuan, zalen tak leh zau taka hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia a a awm ṭhin ang leh a inthlak reng ṭhin ang hian a awm chhunzawm zel a ṭha berin a lang. Inneihna leh rochunna hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia te hi dan khauh tak siam a, dan anga engkim tih kan tum a nih chuan, hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia (culture and custom) a nihna a bo theih tur chauh ni lovin, chhungkua inlaichinna leh inhmangaih tawna ṭha leh nghet te tlahniam zelin, tlawmngainate pawh a dak zel a hlauhawm hle. Chu loah pawh, entir nan, pipute hun laia hnamzia leh tihṭhinziaah chuan lal fanu leh lal hnam hmeichhiate chu an man leh mual a sang deuh a, The Mizo Marriage and Inheritance of Property (Amendment) Act, 2026-ah erawh chuan tam takin ṭha kan tih loh Central sawrkarin Uniform Civil Code kalpui a tum nen hian inanna lai a awm a. Chuvangin, customary law nihna a ṭhelhna lai a awm tlat a ni. Thîkthu chhiat luatna lamah kan hnamzia leh tihṭhinzia te humhim aia hlohna zawk a nih theihzia hria a, he dan thar hi fimkhur taka kalpui a pawimawh hle.

- Laiu Fachhai