MIN LO AWP TAWHTU BAWRHSAP ṬHENKHATTE

Kum 1890 aṭanga Kumpinu sorkarin min awpah khan kan chunga rorelna nei tur a thuneihna nei turin Superintendent hmasa ber atan John Shakespeare chu dah a ni. Lushai Hills District-a lal ber a ni a, a hna pui ber pawh lal leh lal inkara buaina chinfel, khua leh khua inkara harsatna chinfel leh chi leh chi inkara harsatna chinfelte bakah, dan leh thupekte kenkawh a ni ber mai. Amah hi mi rilru ṭha leh tluang tak niin, Mizo mipui zingah a cheng tam a, serh leh sâng kan neihte pawh a zah thiam em em ṭhin. Political officer 6 leh superintendent 31 kan nei hman a, chung zinga ṭhenkhatte chanchin i han sawi teh ang.

Parteons (1893 – 97): Ani hian Mizoram a rawn chhuah veleh Serchhip leh Sailukawtah out post a siam a, Sailukawt hi hla phuah thiam Darpawngi awmna khua a ni. Kum 1895-ah Tlaikuangah kulh a siam leh a, a hun lai hian Mizoram Pioneer Missionary hmasa ber Rev. Savidge (Sap Upa) leh Rev. J.H. Lorrain (Pu Buanga) an lo chhuak a, Aizawlah an inkulh ve nghal a. Kum 1894-ah Pu Buanga te hian Mizo A Aw B an siam a, hetiang hi an siam hmasak dan chu a ni: A AW B D E F G NG H I J K L M N O P R S T Ṭ U V Z CH

J. Shakespeare (1897 – 98): Ani hian A. Parteons rawn thlakin, kum khat chauh a awm. Aizawl leh Lunglei bialte chu ṭawng thuhmun hmang an nih avangin Chittagong biala Lunglei dah chu fel lo a ti a, Lunglei chu Aizawl Superintendent hnuaia awm a, sub-division a ṭhen a, Sub-Division Officer dah a rawt a, a rawtna ang chuan Mizoram chu bung hniha ṭhen a ni ta. Hetia ṭhen a nih takah chuan political officer tih pawh chu superintendent tia thlak a lo ni ta bawk.

Amah chu superintendent hmasa ber a ni a, a hun lai hian Champhai kawng leh Hmuifang kawngte an lai a. Kum 1898-ah phei chuan Mizo ho rîkrâp nan laipui a zawntir a, khaw tin a fanpui ṭhin. Chumi a chinah chuan Mizo ho chu hel ngam an awm tawh lo nia sawi a ni a, Sap ho thuhnuaiah kan lo kûn zo ta a ni.

H.W.G. Cole (1898 – 1900): J. Shakespeare chhuṭi hlana a hmun ruak rawn luah tura rawn kal a ni a, a hun lai hian Thingtlubuan khua Lamsuaka, Chala leh Thatkhama te chu Thangtinzova Hmar hnamṭhi zuar an thah avangin man an ni a, mi sang tam tak hmuhah khai hlum an ni. Hei hi Mizo zingah khai hlum hmasak ber a ni.

J. Shakespeare (1990 – 1903): J. Shakespeare chhuṭi chu rawn let lehin kum 1901-ah chhiarpui a buatsaih a, khaw chhiar zawng zawng chu 239 niin, mihring 82,434 an awm a; hei hi Mizoram puma chhiarpui neih hmasak ber a ni. A hun lai hian kum 1900-ah Lunglei-ah Bengali School din a ni a, chuta an hotupa chu Anil Kumar a ni. He Bengali School-ah hian Rev. Challiana pawhin Lower Primary a pass a, chhim biala primary pass hmasa ber zingah a tel.

Kum 1902-ah chuan Baptist kohhran zinga baptisma chang hmasa ber chan kum a ni a. Bawrhsap J. Shakespeare, IA chuan kum 1902 aṭanga hman ṭan turin Mizoram pum chu circle administration sawm pahniha ṭhenin, circle tinah circle interpreter pakhat leh an thachhang dâwltu tur circle chaprasi (CS) pakhat zelin a dah a. Bawrhsap chuan thuneihna sang tak pein, Mizo lalte thuneihna tawp hnuah pawh khawtlanga ram leh hnam humhalh turin anni chu a ruat a. Lalte chuan khawtlangah rorelna fawng chelh bawk mah se, CI-te chuan Bawrhsap hnenah an ngaihdan an thlen ṭhin a ni.

CI hmasa berte chu April 1, 1902-ah Bawrhsap chuan hengte hi a ruat a: Pasina, Romana, Darsata, Thangchhingpuia, Khuanga, Suaka II, Thangnghinga, Chawngkunga, Siamliana, Taikhuma, Buala Tlau leh Taikhuma Paihte te an ni. Anni hi Rs 25, Rs 20, Rs 15 leh Rs 10 hlawhte an ni hlawm. Bawrhsap aiawhin Mizoram chhung hmun hrang hrangah an zin chhuak ṭhin a, khawtlangah lalin rorelna nei bawk mah se lam CI-te chu Bawrhsap thu kal lam leh haw lam kengtu ber an ni ṭhin a. Chutiangah chuan mipuite pawhin CI chu tlawnin, an lalte chu an hlauh loh phah telh telh a ni. CI ṭhenkhat chuan lalte aiin an lo intithu mah zawk bawk ṭhin a. Mizo lalte chuan an awp chin khawtlangah thuin an awp chin khua chu ṭha takin awm mah se la, CI-te chuan khaw khat chauh awp loa khaw dangte pawh an awp avangin puakphur nen an zin ṭhin a, an puakphurh tur chu Bawrhsap thuin lalte chuan an ruahmansak ṭhin a ni.

H.W.G. Cole (1907 – 1911): Ani pawh hi a vawi hnih rawn awmna a ni a. Thawngliana, Lenchim lal leh Dorawta, Saitual lal ramri buai chingfel turin amah ngei a kal a, Rulchawm khaw ko chung zawl, Kawilamho khaw hmun zawlah Saitual nula leh tlangvalin Puma zaiin an lo awi a, hla an lo phuahsak hial.

A hun lai hian Aizawl bazar siam a ni a, Mel 5 chin chhung lam chu bazar kai vek turin order a chhuah nghal bawk a. Mite tihhmuh turin suk te, arbawm te leh hreihâ te a leisak a; chutiang chuan bazaar ṭha tak a lo ni chho ta zel a ni. A hun lai vek hian RD Leta’n matric a pass a, Mizo zing matric pass hmasa ber a ni a, Shillong aṭanga matric pass zo rawn hawng chho chu khuangpui leh bâzâ nen an lo hmuak a, Aizawlah ropui taka lawm luh a ni.

Cole Sapa hun lai vek hian missionary pakhat Dr. Fraser chu rawn chhuakin, lehkha chhutna khawl in leh mi retheite châwmna in te a sa a. In panga lai a sa a, mi retheite khawngaih mi a nih avangin a thlawna puih pawh a ngah hle. Dr. Fraser nen hian bâwih chungchangah an inkhing a, Dr Fraser chuan Bawrhsapte vangin Mizoramah bâwih an awm a ti a. Cole sapa lahin, ‘Bawih an ni lo, mi rethei lalin a awmpuite an ni’ a ti thung. Tichuan, an inkhing a, Shilhong-a missionary pun khawmnaah leh Assam Governor hnenah a sawi a, an thu chuan England Parliament a thleng hial a ni.

Tichuan, Dr. Fraser chuan thiam changin, Zoram bâwih bântu a lo ni ta a. Mizo lal zingah Maubuang lal Khawvelthanga chu bâwih chhuah hmasa bertu a ni a, mi dangte pawh chuan bâwih an chhuah ve ta zel a. Chumi achinah chuan Cole Sap chu a haw a, Mizorama a rawn let leh remtihsak a ni ta lo.

N.E. Parry (1924 – 1928): Ani hi chu intihlauhawm thiam tak a ni a, mi thu leh hla dawngsawng thiam tak a ni bawk. Mizoram tan thil nasa tak a ti a, chung zinga ṭhenkhatte chu:

• Mizoram khua, in 30 chin chung lam chu zawlbuk nei vek turin order a chhuah.

• Sap leh milian chibai bûkna arva-in man a nei tawh ang tih thuchhuah a siam.

• Mizo hnam dan bu a siam (A&P) No. 32700 2.3.1928 – G.R.Q-a chhuah tir a ni. Dan a siam nual bawk.

• Border meeting a neihpui zel.

• Lal fathang a siam rual a, ṭîn ruk ṭheuh ni tawh turin.

• Lal in sak pawh in khat chauh a ni tur a ni, a ti a; rangva nei chuan a intum ang a, a dang chu a khuate tum turin.

• Kuli (coolie) awl, in 10 aṭanga 400 thleng âwl thei turte a riruat.

• Silai chhiah a siam a, loneitute erawh chu a âwl thung.

• Mizo man bi a tidanglam.

A.G. MacCall (1935 – 1943): Call Sap chu a chhuṭi zo a rawn chhoh leh hian Mizoramah kum kua lai a awm leh a. A hun lai hian Indopui Pahnihna a thleng a, British leh German an indo chiam a. Sorkar leh lal ho an inzawm ṭhat theih nan bialte a siam a, chung aiawhte chu chhim leh hmara mi zawng zawng ko khawmin, October 14, 1941-ah Thenzawlah durban a siam. Chuta an thurel ṭhenkhatte chu:

* Lamlian kam reserve dil fo ngai loa loa neih theih ni rawh se.

* Lal fapa te, an pate’n an thihsan kum 18 an tlin hma chu lal thite unaute’n an aiah ro lo relsak ni se.

* Lui dung kam reserve tih bân.

* Damdawi hlauhawm zualpui tih loh chu lalin zawrh ve phal ni se.

* Chhim lam lalte’n Serkawr tlangdunga chowkider hlawh pun an dil chu hnawl a ni.

* Cheque lak thu.

* Mizorama high school awm a ṭulzia sawihona vote lakin duh an tam ta.

* Lal puan bik tur siam phalsak a ni.

* Transport tihpun dil a ni a, hei hi phalsak a ni lo. Transport tihpun hian coolie lam an âwl thei deuh dawn a ni

* AMC (ruang la) sipai kal te, an chhungte coolie awl phalsak a ni.

* Border (mi ram) tihkansak thuah cheng 40 emaw, sepui emaw chawi ni se.

* Serthlum huan pemsan thu.

* Zirtirtu hlawh cheng hnih aiah buh ṭin thum an pe tur a ni tih order an siam.

Heng bakah hian durban an neih lai hian lalte chu British lalber aiawhte Governor leh Viceroy aiawha dinhmun pawimawh taka ding an nihzia thu chhiar chhuah a ni bawk.

MacCall hunah hian Kelkang buaina a chhuak a, chu buaina chu kum 1937 August thlaah niin, thlaraua hlimna a thleng chiam a. Kelkang khuaah chuan an lâm a, ṭawnghriatlohtein an ṭawng a, thil mak tak takte an puang a. Hnathawh zai rêl loin an lâm tlut tlut a, sial pali, vawk sawmpariat, bawng pahnih, kel panga lai an ei ral hman a. An thupuan zinga pakhat, “January 1938-ah British-in leido a nei ang a, an tlawm ang,” tih chu Bawrhsapin a lo hriat chuan helah a ngai a, sipai leh police tam tawk tak nen Kelkang lamah a kal a, hetiang hian Kelkang tan thuchhuah a siam:

• Kelkang harhnaa an hotu deuh deuh pathum – Thanghnuaia, Pasena leh Thanzinga te chu phai lama kum thum ṭheuh tâng turin an relsak.

• Kelkang lalpa chu cheng 60 a chawitir.

• Kristian zawng zawng (Roman Catholic leh silai neitute tiam loin) ni ruk ṭheuh a sazaitir.

• Silai zawng zawng a mansak.

• Kristian zawng zawng kum hnih chhung leiman a let, cheng 4 ṭheuh a chawitir.

• Kristian zawng zawng Champhai CI inah a dahtir.

• Lal thu awi lo chu Aizawlah thawn zel tur.

• Bialtu C I increment kum khat tihtawpsak.

AG MacCall hunah hian Mizoram hi sub-division hnihah ṭhen a ni a, hmar lam chu North Lushai Hills tih niin, Aizawl chu hmunpui atan hman a ni a, chhim lam chu South Lushai Hills tih niin, Lunglei chu hmunpui atan hman a ni. Sub-division hi circle-a la ṭhensawm leh a ni bawk a, North Lushai Hills chu circle 10-ah ṭhen niin, South Lushai Hills pawh circle 7-ah ṭhendarh a ni. Heng enkawl tur hian circle tinah CI pakhat zel dah a ni.

Kum 1935 lam aṭanga chhim bial lalhote’n conference an lo neih thin tawh ang chuan Bawrhsap McCall-a hovin hmar bial lamah pawh an nei ve ta a. Ram hmasawnna leh mipuite thawvenna kawng nia an hriatte an rêlho deuh ber ṭhin. Chungah chuan Mizo lal 400 dawn laite chu kal kim barh a harsa a, chuvangin, CI bial tin lalte chu lalho conference-a tel turin aiawh pakhat zel thlantir an ni. Chungho, kum 1940 October thlaa thlan chhuah lal 26-te chuan Bawrhsap leh a ṭhuihruaite nen 1941 October ni 13 leh 14 khan Thenzawlah ram pum huap Lalho Conference vawi khatna an hmang ta a. Chu Conference chu Mizote’n democracy zepui, aiawh thlan chhuahte rorelna (representative principle) kan hman ṭanna a tih theih awm e.

Bawrhsap rorelna leh missionary-te rawngbawlna hi a inpawlh buai lohna turin an inkarah ramri fel taka kham a ni a, thuneihna huang chin tur ruat a ni. Bawrhsap chuan kutke atan Mizo lalte chu hmangin rorelna a nei a, thubuai khirh zual (criminal) a rel deuh ber ṭhin. In chhiah (house tax) leh sorkar phalna (licence) ngai chi thil neite hnen aṭangin fee a khawn bawk a. Thil dang, Mizo dan taka rel chi leiman (land revenue)-te pawh kum 1890-a Mizo lalte nena inremna an siamah khan ram leilung chhunga thuneihna leh an rorel khawl, Chieftainship Institution nuaibo a nih loh avangin Mizo lalte chuan an chang vek a ni. Hetihlai hian, missionary-te chuan Pathian hnena ringlomite hruai hna chu an thawk berin Pathianthu awiha mite an siam chho a, kohhran an din mai bakah zirna inte pawh an din chho zel a, an enkawl zui zel bawk.

- Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak