MIZORAMIN ZALENNA A SUAL EM?

Mi tam takin thu mu hnu nia kan ngaih, Mizoram a political movement lian ber leh Mizo zawng zawngin lawm em ema kan dawnsawn, Sap chanchinbu zawng zawng pawhin ‘Mizoram Peace Accord’ tia an ziah vek chungchang chuan sawi thar a hlawh hle mai a. Hetianga a lo rik thar lehna chhan chu, kan ram hruaitu lu ber Pu Lalduhawma, Chief Minister-in tun hma hun hre ve pha tawh lo Law College zirlai pungkhawm hmaah July 31, 2026-a a sawi vang a ni ber a. Khami thu a sawi rual khan, ‘Vai danna dan’ kan tih mai, British hun lai daih atanga kan neih tawh leh a nei ve lo state Manipur leh Meghalaya pawhin neih ve duha an beih ngat ngat ‘Inner Line Permit’ chungchang pawh a sawi derthâwn avangin, heng thu pahnih hian titi a ti tam hle.

A thusawi hi mi ṭhenkhat chuan, ‘Dâwt a sawi lo, a dik a ni’ an tih laiin, mi tam ber chuan, ‘A ṭul lo hle mai, state sorkar lu ber sawi awm loh tak a sawi a ni’ an ti a. Kan hrang hlui politician lar tak Pu Vanlalngaia phei chuan, “Pu Duha hian a thu sawi avang hian ngaihdam dil hram se la ka duh hle a, ngaihdam dil nachang a hre lo a nih pawhin mipuiin ngaidam hram ang u,” a ti hial mai a. Ani ngaihdan chuan, Mizo mipui lakah thil pawi a sawi avanga ngaihdam ngai hialah a ngai tihna a ni. Social media leh ni tin chanchinbuah pawh ngaihdan hrang hrang a lang tam hle a. Kumin Sunday School zirlaibu-ah pawh mi tam tak ngaimawh zawngin ziak a ni nghe nghe a. Heng thusawi leh ziakte hian mi tam tak rilru a tinâ a, a bikin ram tana inpe, rammu ṭhin leh nunna chân chhungte rilru phei chu a tina tak zet a ni. Heng pumpelh theih thu lo ri chhuak leh hian Mizo mipui zingah kan duh loh tawp thil a thleng palhin, state ralmuang ber kan chhuan em em tibuai thei a thleng ang tih hlauhawm khawpin boruak tha lo a siam thei a ni.

Hetianga a lo rîka chanchinbua a lo lan tak fovah chuan tlem han sawi ve ṭulin a lang a. India independent sual lai khan a hmahruaitu leh bul tumtu ber chu Indian National Congress (INC) a ni a. Khatihlai khan independent ṭul ti lo, kha movement a tel ve duh lo India mi nuai tam tak an awm a. Mahse, vawiin thlengin history-ah chuan ‘Congress-in zalenna a sual, Congress-in independent a sual chhuak’ an ti ngai lo. ‘India-in zalenna a sual, India-in British lak atangin independent a hmu’ tih vek a ni a, a duh leh duh lo tan pawh zalenna chu a hlu vek a ni. Khatihlaia Indian Kristian hotute zalenna sual kawnga an tel vena pawh chhuang takin Presbyterian Sunday School zirlaibuah pawh tarlan a ni a. Vawiin thlengin India zalenna sualtute chu chawimawiin an awm a, mipuiin an ngaisang a, a tel ve lo kha an sawisel zui lem lo.

Kan ṭhenawm lawk Bangladesh hi tun hma chuan East Pakistan a ni ṭhin. March 26, 1971 khan Awami League Party, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman kaihruai chuan independent puangin nasa takin Pakistan nen an indo va. Kum tawp lamah India-in a chhan chhuak (liberate) ta a, zalenna an lo hmu ta a ni. Kha an zalenna sual lai khan Pakistan aṭanga indan duh lo, Awami League dodaltu Bengali ni si nuai tam tak an awm a. Chung ho chuan Bangladesh tana zalenna sualtu Mukti Bahini an tih bei lettu pawl silai keng ‘Rajakar’ hial an din a. Bengali mipui zawng zawng an lungrual hauh lo. An lungrual vek loh vang khan ‘Awami League Party-in zalenna a sual’ an ti ngai lo va, khawvel mite pawhin a sulsutu party Awami League sawi kher lovin, ‘Bangladesh-in zalenna a sual’ an ti vek zawk a ni.

Kan ṭhenawm state Nagaland pawh hi Mizoram aia independent puang hmasa daih zawk, vawiin thlenga la hlawhtling lo leh la inrem lo an ni. Angami Zapu Phizo kaihhruai Naga National Council (NNC) bultumin independent an puang a; keini ang bawkin nasa takin an tuar a. An rammu an phel a, pawl ṭhenkhatin India nena inremnate an siam a, mahse vawiin thlengin remna puitling an la nei ve lo. Anni pawh hi ‘NNC-in zalenna a sual’ tiin tuman an sawi ngai lo va, ‘Nagaland-in zalenna a sual’ tih hi sawi dan a ni vek a. Naga hnam pumpuiin an pawmpui bik lo va, India lamṭang an awm ve ṭeuh tih pawh kan hria. Chuti chung chuan, keini ai chuan hnam ang chuan an ṭangrual zawk a, an zalenna sualtute archuktuilo khawpa sawisel zui vak vak an awm ve lo.

Mi ṭhenkhatte’n, “MNF hian Mizo mipui ai an awh zo lo, zalenna puang turin mipui râwnna pawh a awm lo, khatihlai khan MNF aiin Mizo Union an tam zawk,” an ti a ni awm e. 1966 independent puan hma 1963/1964-a Mizo District chhunga Assam Assembly seat 3 inthlanah khan MNF chuan seat hnih, Lunglei leh Aizawl West-ah hnehna a chang a; hmun thuma ṭhena hmun hnih (2/3rd majority) an neih avangin Mizo mipui aiawh an ni a, public mandate an nei a ni. Mizoram inthlan chanchinah hian sorkarna siamtu hian mipui zawng zawng vote 45% hmu pha an awm ngai hauh lo va, 30 – 40% vel vote hmuin sorkarna an siam ziah a. Chumi awmzia chu, mipui tam zawkin Assembly-a majority nei kha an thlawp lo, an pawm lo tihna a ni. Chuti chung chuan ‘mipui ai awh zo lo sorkar’ kan ti ngai reng reng lo.

India ram leh khawvel democracy ram dangah pawh parliament-a member majority nei hian mipui vote 45% an hmu pha ngai hauh lo va. Chuti chung chuan mipui aiawh sorkar, ram aiawha engkim an tih chu mipui aiawh zo an ni ṭhin. Sorkarin hma a lak turah leh a program-ah mipui a hranin min rawn tawh lo va, an party policy angin an kal mai thin tih kan hriat vek hi. Chuvang chuan, March 1, 1966-a MNF kaihhruaia independent puan a nih khan a puangtu party khan an puan tur thuah mipui râwn kher a tul lem lo va, an policy-ah mipui mandate neiin, Mizo mipui 2/3rd-in vote hmanga an lantir tawh avangin Mizo mipui zawng zawng aiawhin Mizoramin MNF bultumin independent a puang a ni. Hei hi India-in Congress kaihhruaia independent a sual chhuah te, Bangladesh-in Awami League bultuma independent a puan leh Nagaland-in NNC bultuma independent a puan thu kan sawi ang tho kha a ni.

Mi ṭhenkhatin, ‘MNF hlui, mipuiin kan ngaihsana kan support ṭhin kha a thi tawh a, tuna mi chu MNF thar, hmana mi kha a ni tawh lo, Constitution pawh a dang nei an ni,’ an ti a ni awm e. MNF hian a tir tê aṭangin tute emaw angin hming an thlak ve ngai reng reng lo va. Mipui duh dana India Constitution chhunga inremna neih a nih avangin ‘India aṭanga inlak hran tumna’ kha chu dahṭhat hrih a ni chauh va. India sorkar pawhin Constitution vawi tam tak a siam ṭha tawh a, chuti chung pawhin India sorkar ngai reng a ni ang bawkin, Constitution siamthat hian MNF nihna a tidalin a tidanglam chuang lo va, October 22, 1961-a MNF din kha a ngai reng a la ni fan tih hi thu dik a ni.

Tute’n emaw inremna sawiselin, engkim huam, nunna hial pawh chân huama rammute leh nunna chan tam tak hmusit leh mausam taka an sawi leh ziak ṭhin hi a pawi tak zet a. Hnam puitling leh mi pangngai chuan ram tana zalenna sualtute an sawisel ngai lo. Zan khat pawh ram tana rammu ve lo, boruak ralmuangah kei ber emaw inti ang ziazânga mi sawisel chiam chiam hi sim a ṭha khawp mai. Inrem hma boruak hre pha chuan kohhran hruaitute, political party zawng zawng, NGO leh zirlai pawl zawng zawng, mipui mimirin, thil dang zawng aia remna kan mamawh thu kan tlangaupui kha kan hria ang a. Development lam zawng zawng aiin, remna leh muanna khan rilru a luah ber a nih kha. Chumi atan chuan hruaitute’n theihtawp chhuahin India sorkar leh rammu lam hotute an dawr tawn a. Political party lam phei chuan, ‘Kan pasaltha sai ram chhuakte hian sai ni kher lo, sakhi pawh rawn hawn se, a lu chu a kaptu kawngka chungah kan tar ang’ tih te, ‘eng ang inremna pawh ni se kan pawm ang’ tih te chu khatihlaia mipui aiawhte auhla ber a ni.

Mizoram UT sorkarna chelhtu aiawh, political party hrang hrang aiawh leh kohhran hruaitu aiawhte’n rammu sorkar an dawr tuma an sawi thin, a tel ve ngeite’n an sawi chu, “Nangni chuan zalenna sual zel hi in tlinin in peih ang tih kan ring a; mahse, in sualsak mipuite hian kan tlin ta ngang lo a ni e. Chuvang chuan, mipui dinhmun hrethiamin, eng dinhmun pawh ni se inremna kawng hi zawng hram hram turin kan ngen che u a ni,” tih hi a ni.

A hmuna awm hre vetute sawi ka hriat dan chuan, rammute awmna East Pakistan tlawm hnua Arakan kaltlanga West Pakistan a pan hmaa rammu mipui hnena a thusawi hnuhnung berah Pu Laldenga chuan ti hian a sawi a, “Mizo chhungkaw danah chuan chaw ei dawhkanah nu leh paten ro an rel a, an rorel ang chuan thalaiten hna an thawk thin. Keiniho hi thalai hnathawktu chu kan ni a, kan nu leh pa roreltu chu Mizo mipuite an ni. Chuvangin, kan awm dan zel turah chuan kan mipuite khuang benna lam lamah kan lam ang,” a ti a.

A thu sawi ang ngei chuan, Mizo mipui chuan India danpui chhunga inremna zawng tura an ngenna angin MNF chuan inphah hniama Mizoram state pawmin inremna kawng chu a zawh ta reng a. Inremna puitling neih hmain, inbiakna rei tak neiin, hmalak dan tura ruahman lawkna pawh siam a ni a. Rammu sorkara hotu pawimawh leh sipai lam senior officer-te telna Calcutta Convention-in thuneihna a pek angin, Pu Laldenga kaihhruai palaite leh India sorkar aiawh inbia chuan hmalak zel dan tur an ruahman chu July 1, 1976 khan New Delhi-ah press statement, Pu Laldenga leh S.L. Khurana, Home Secretary te hming ziahna chu chhuah a ni a. Hei hi mi ṭhenkhat, a hre chiang loten ‘Inremna/Memorandum of Understanding’ tia an sawi thin chu a ni. He press statement (MoU ni lovin) hi chu dan ang taka lekkawh theih loh (legally not binding) a ni a, politics thil ni lovah pawh MoU chu ziah a ni fo tih kan hria.

Tun hnaiah pawh USA leh Iran chuan inremna tur kawng ruahman chhinna MoU ang chi an ziak ngei a; mahse, vawiin thlengin inremna tak tak, Memorandum of Settlement/Agreement chu an la ziak thei lo a nih hi. Duh leh beisei angin thil kaltluang mai lo mah se Mizo mipuite tawngtaina chu Pathianin chhangin a tawpah, kum eng emaw zat hnuah inremna puitling (Memorandum of Settlement) chu June 30, 1986-ah ziah a lo ni ta a. Hei hi chu dan ang taka lekkawh theih (legally binding) a ni a, India Constitution pawh siam danglam hial ngai khawpa inremna nghet leh tha kan lo nei ta hi Mizo mipui tawngtaina Pathian chhanna a ni tih kan hriata kan pawm tlan a tul takzet a ni. Remna ziah zana Mizo mipui zawng zawng hlimzia leh Aizawlah phei chuan mi tam tak hlimin an zai a, ‘Pi buhdeng pi buhdeng’ tih hla ringawt saa tlaivar pawh an awm tih pawh hre lo tam tak kan awm tawh awm e.

Kha inremna Memorandum of Settlement, Sap chanchinbu zawng zawng ziah dan leh Central sorkar hotute pawhin an sawi dana ‘Mizoram Peace Accord’ ziaktu chungchangah sawi nêp tumna pawh a awm nual a. Kha Inremna kha India ‘Home Ministry leh MNF Inremna a ni’ tih te, ‘Mizo mipui aiawha ziah a ni lo’ tih te, ‘A inrem lote India leh MNF inkar a ni’ tih te a lo awm ta zel a. Hemi chungchang hi university zirtirtu te, Ph.D hmuhna hiala hmang khawpa research lo ti tawhte’n chiang taka an sawi bakah, mi thiam ṭhenkhatin an ziak fiah tawh a. Mizoram aiawha inremna ziaktu Pu Lalkhama, khatihlaia CS ngei pawhin a sawifiah tawh nain tlem sawi ve tulin ka hria a. A inrem lote chu India sorkar leh Mizo mipui aiawha ding MNF an ni ngei mai.

MNF hian democracy kalphung angin Mizo mipui ai a awh zo tih kan sawifiah tawh kha. India ram mipui zawng zawng aiawhin khatihlaia roreltu Congress party Prime Minister Shri Rajiv Gandhi remtihnain Union Home Secretary Shri RD Pradhan chuan (IAS atanga a pension ni-ah) a ziak a. Mizoram Union Territory sorkar leh a chhunga mipui zawng zawng aiawhin khatihlaia Mizoram a sorkarna chelhtu Congress Party Chief Minister Pu Lalthanhawla remtihna leh hmuhpui ngeiin Pu Lalkhama, Chief Secretary-in a ziak a. Rammu sorkar leh MNF Party aiawhin Pu Laldenga, President-in a ziak bawk a. Heng bak hi aiawh tur tumah dang an awm tawh lo va, mi tin aiawhin kha inremna kha ziah a ni. India rama political party dang leh civil society zawng zawng pawhin, ‘Kha inremnaah khan kan tel ve lo, Congress sorkar leh MNF inremna a ni,’ an ti ve ngai hek lo. Chuvangin, ‘Kha inremna a hming ziaktute khan mipui aiawh tur zawng zawng ai an awh zo va; kan vai atan, Mizo mipuiten lungrual taka kan duh ang ngeiin kan aiawhten an ziak a ni’ tih hi kan pawm tlan mai tur niin a lang. Kan remna neih hlu tak hi a malsawmna dawngtute hian sawi nghingin, tiderthawng zawng leh a nep zawnga sawi hi sim tawh hram turin mitinte ka ngen a ni.

A tawp berah chuan, ‘ILP hi Central sorkarin an duh chuan an titawp thei’ tih hi thu dik awm sa, sawi kher ṭul lo a ni. J&K inhungbikna, Constitution Article 370 pawh paihin state kha UT pahnihah ṭhenin a dah hniam mai. Kan state pawh hi a duh chuan district-ah a dah daih thei. Mahse, tih theih apiang erawh an ti dawn lo va, Peace Accord-ah pawh bilh tel a ni tih hre bawk ila. ILP hi vaihoten an ngaihtheih loh em em a ni a, tun hma khan Court-ah hial khing pawh an lo awm tawh a, an chak lo hlauh a. ‘India hian tihtawp an tum a nih pawhin ka hovin theihtawpin kan do vang’ ti tur awm tak state hotu berin dawi aw chhuah a, vaiho tibo tura nawr tura fuih pawrh ang ziazanga hetia vantlang hriata a sawi mai hi a vanduai thlak tak zet a. Kan hotupa hian a hmui hi khuahkhirh deuh se a tha hlein a rinawm.

- Lallianzuala Fanai