World Ozone Day – Eng vang nge?

He article hian ozone nihna sawi zau a tum lo va, scientific taka ozone layer chhui a tum lo va, policy kal zel dan tur thai lan a tum hek lo. Zawhna pakhat chauh chhan a tum – eng vangin nge 16th September hian khawvel hmun hrang hrangah World Ozone Day kan hman?

Ni khi khawvel aṭanga kilometer million 150 vela awm niin an sawi a; hla viau mah se, khawvel tan hian ni zung lo lut hi a ṭangkai em em a ni. Chutihrual erawh chuan, ni zung ṭha lo (UV radiation) erawh nunna nei tan a hlauhawm em em a, thlit fim a ngai thung. Chumi thli fim tur chuan khawvel hian vansangah khian tuamtu a nei a, chu chuan nihliap ang deuhin khawvel hi a tuam a, chu nihliap chu ‘Ozone Layer’ an tih chu a ni.

He kan chenna khawvel tuamtu, ni zung hlauhawm thlifimtu ‘Ozone Layer’ tia kan sawi hi khawvel lei aṭanga kilometer 15 aṭanga 35-a sanga awm niin an sawi. Ozone layer-ina ni hran hlak a nei hi eng vang nge? World Ozone Day hman a nih chhan hre tur chuan hun kal tawh thui taka chhui a ngai a ni.

Kum 1900 chhoah khan let ta ila. Khang hun lai khan refrigerator te, air conditioner te leh khawl chi hrang hrang an hmang uar hle a. Mahse khang khawl hrang hrang kha boruak tan an ṭha ber em? Khang hun laia khawlte khan boruakah chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) an pe chhuak ṭhin a ni. Tichuan, khawl hmang an pun zel avang khan boruakah CFCs a pung ve zel a, chu chu a pawi ang tih an ngaihtuah lem lo.

Hun a kal zel a, kum 1974-ah khan rin loh lam aṭang thu thar an hre ta. Chemistry researcher pahnih Mario Molina leh F. Sherwood Rowland te chuan CFCs hian khawvel tuamtu ozone layer khi an ei hek thei a ni an ti! Ozone layer a pawp a nih chuan khawvelah radiation hlauhawm a lo lut ang a, nunna nei chi tin tan harsatna a thlen dawn a ni; mihringte tana cancer, mit fiah lo, vun natna leh harsatna chi hrang hrang tiamin. Mario Molina leh F. Sherwood Rowland te research chu pawimawh em em mah se, mi tam takin an la bengkhawn lem lo va, a chhan chu khang hun lai mite khan ozone layer kha la ṭha ve thawkhat anga an ngaih vang a ni.

Kum 1985 a rawn inher chhuah khan British Antarctic Survey hnuaia thawk scientist pathum–Joe Farman, Brian Gardiner leh Jonathan Shanklin te chuan Antarctic ram zawna ozone layer chu a hêk nasa tawh hle a ni tih an hmu chhuak ta! An thil hmuh chhuah hi khawvela science journal pawimawh ber zinga mi Nature-ah an chhuah a. Tichuan, khawvel ram hrang hrang beng a thleng ta a, ‘Ozone layer a pawp!’ tiin an chiai nasa hle.

Engtia hmalak zel tur nge tih chu an buaipui nasa ta khawp mai. Tu nge mawh phur dawn? Tu nge hma la dawn? British scientist-te’na an hmuh chhuah vangin British mite’n an buaipui tur tihna a ni lo va; USA-in industry an ngah vang leh CFCs an pek chhuah hnem vangin anmahni chauhin mawh an phur tur pawh a ni hek lo. CFCs chuan ramri a kham lem lo va, khawvel boruakah a kal kual vel vek a, ‘ta ta’ a awm thei lo. CFCs chu boruakah zin kualin, mahni ram aṭanga chhuak paw’n ram dang zawna ozone layer a va khawih chhe daih thei. Chuvangin, he buaina hi ram buaina a ni lo va, khawvel pum buaina a ni zawk. Hei hian ṭanrual a ngaihzia a tilang chiang hle.

Kum 1987 a lo nih chuan khawvel chuan hma a la ta. September thla a lo her chhuah chuan ram hrang hrang aṭanga hruaitu leh ram aiawhtute chu Montreal, Canada-ah chuan an kal khawm ta a. Mahni ram leh mipui tana ṭha tur ngaihtuah ṭheuh chungin, mahni ram flag phenah ṭheuh ṭhuin rorelna chu an nei ṭan ta a. Ram hausa zawkte leh ram reithei zawkte’na an pawm tlan theih turin rorel a ngai a ni.

Ram tinin an khawl siam chhuahah CFCs titlem turin ro an rel tlu ta a. He rorelna hi ram harsa zawkte tan chuan sum heh zawk ni mah se, an pawm tlang a. Chu inremna chu ‘Montreal Protocol’ an ti a, September ni 16, kum 1987 khan Montreal-ah chuan khawvel ram hrang hrang aiawhtute chuan an sign ta a ni.

Kum 1994 khan United Nations (UN) chuan he inremna ni denchhen hian kum tinin September ni 16-ah ‘World Ozone Day’ hman tur a ni an ti ta a. Hun lo kal zelin, vawiinah chuan Montreal Protocol sign a nih aṭangin kum 40 dawn liam tawh mah se, ram hrang hrangah World Ozone Day hi hman a la ni a, sawrkar laipui leh zirna in hrang hrangah pawh ozone layer hi sawi a la ni fo.

Mizoramah pawh EIACP-Hub, Mizoram Pollution Control Board hian mipui hriat theih turin kum tinin hma an la a. Chu mai a ni lo va, kan zirna in sang (college leh university) lamah pawh ozone layer hi zirlaiah a awm ngei ngei bawk – environmental science leh natural science zirlaite tan chauh ni lovin, humanities leh social science zirlaite paw’n an zir tel ta fo bawk.

Thu tharlám leh lawmawm em em sawi belh bawk ila. Kum 40 dawn liam taa an inremna zarah khan tunah chuan Antarctic zawna ozone pawp pawh a inthuam ṭha ṭan tawh a ni an ti. Scientist ṭhenkhat chuan kum 2040 chhoah chuan ozone layer pawp khi a thar ang hlakin a ping leh vek thei hialin an ring.

Tikhan, World Ozone Day hman a nih chhan chu kan hre ta. Ozone layer pawp dan, an hriat chhuah dan, an hmalak dan leh, a inthuam ṭhat leh thu he article kaltlanga kan thlir hian thil pawimawh tak rilruah a lang a – ṭanrualna pawimawhzia a tilang a ni. A bikin khawvel tana researcher leh zirmite pawimawhna a thai lang a, mi ina an hriat loh hre hmasatu an nihzia leh an thu ina lukhawng a neihzia a lang. Chutiang bawkin roreltute leh ram leh hnam aiawhtute’na inremna siam thiam a ṭulzia a lang bawk.

Hmathlir fiah tak nei chunga ṭanrualna chuan harsatna lian tak pawh a chingfel thei tih a lang a ni.

- Nick Lalrinmawia