Khawtlanga naupangte dinhmun

Naupangte hi nakin lawka khawtlang leh ram hruaina hna chelha hruaitu dinhmuna la ding turte kan ni a, khawtlanga kan dinhmun a zirin kan nih tur kan nih phak loh phah thei a, kan nih phak loh tur anga lang pawh kan nih phah thei bawk. Chuvangin, naupangte’n khawtlangah hnuaichhiah lo a dinhmun pangngai taka kan awm hi a pawimawh a ni. 

Hetiang hian khawtlanga naupangte dinhmun hi kawng hrang hrangin han sawi ila:

Zirna kawngah: Zirna hi mihring tihmasawntu ber a ni a, puitlinga min siamtu a ni bawk. Hei vang hian Sorkar pawhin naupangten zirna tha kan dawn theih nan theihtawp a chhuah a, mi rethei pawhin zirna ṭha a dawn theihna turin Fee and Compulsory Education Programme a duang hial a ni. 

Right to Education Act 2009 chu April 1, 2010 khan tihpuitlin a lo ni ta bawk a. India Danpui, Chapter 3, Article 21-a dah niin hetah hian India rama naupang kum 6 - 14 inkarte tan a thlawna lehkha zirna dawn tir ngei ngeina (free and compulsory education) a awm. Nu leh pate’n an fate chu elementary school hnai berah emaw an admit ngei ngei tur a ni. Private School a an admit erawh chuan a thlawna zirna an dawn leh dawn lohah sorkarin mawh a phur lo thung. 

Keini hmuh phakah chuan naupang kum 6 - 14 inkar school kal lo hi an awm zauh zauh a, chutih laiin Sakhuana avanga school kal rual ni si a kal lo te hi tlema zawng hmuh tur an awm bawk. Hetianga kum naupangte ni si a zirna hmun (school) a kal tir loh hi sorkar phal loh thil a ni a, nimahsela nu leh paten an Pathian thu lak dan a nih tlat si avangin khawtlang zirna kawnga mawhphurtu tan hma lak hleih theih a ni lo a, sorkar lam tan pawh hmalak chak a har phah a ni awm e. 

Kawng danga kan thlir chuan heng naupang, school kal rual ni sia kal lo te hian sual kawng zawh an awlsam bik hle a, ruihhlo, rukruk leh pawikhawihna dang dangah an inhnamhnawih duh bik em em a ni. Heng avang te hian kan khawtlang a lo nawm zawk theih zelna turin zirna hi kan ngai pawimawhn tur a niin school kal tir hram hram hi nu leh pate hian ngaih pawimawh a ṭha a ni. 

Hmeichhe naupang chunga hleilenna: Naupangin khawtlanga harsatna a tawh ṭhin zinga pawi ber chu mipat hmeichhiatna kawnga pawi khawihna hi a ni. Mithiamte zirna aṭang chuan naupang khawih chhiat tawk te hi hmeichhia an ni deuh zel a, heng hmeichhe naupang pawngsual tawkte hian anmahni pawngsual tute hi an hre bawk ṭhin niin an sawi. 

Pawi khawihtute hi an pa te, an pahrawn te, an put e leh an pate-a te leh an chenpui leh an chhung leh khat hnai mipa, an nel tak te an ni deuh zel an ti bawk a ni. Hmeichhe himna hi India sorkar chuan a ngai pawimawh a. India Penal Code, Section 375 ah chuan kum 18 la tling lo hmeichhia mutpui chu pawngsual a ni a; nupaa insiama innei an nih erawh chuan pawngsual anga kal tir a ni lo ve thung a. Tin, naupang himna turin Dan ṭha tak a awm bawk. Protection of Children from Sexual Offence Act 2012, Juvenile Justice Act 2015 tihte pawh hi kan sawi maitheih te an ni. 

Child Welfare lam pawhin hetianga harsatna tawkte hi an pui nasa ṭhin a ni. Mizoramah ngei pawh Mizoram Women Commission te hian theihtawpin hma an la a, a kum telin hma kan sawn zel a ni. Hetiang a nih lai hian kan Mizoramah ngei pawh hetiang harsatna tawk hi sawi tur an awm leh zauh ṭhin. Thingtlang chauh ni loin khawpuiah pawh hetiang hi a thleng tawh ṭhin a, sorkar lam aṭang leh hetiang lama hma latuten theihtawp an chhuah avangin sawi tur a awm ngai ta meuh lo. Heng thawktute hi mimal tinin kan thawhpui ṭhat phei chuan a rem thuai te pawh a beiseiawm. Kan khawtlanga hmeichhe naupangte dinhmun a lo him zawk zel theihna turin kan theih tawk i chhuah ṭheuh ang u. 

Hnathawk tura naupang chhawr luih: Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1986 mai bakah Dan lama naupang thlavang hauhna tur - Factorise Act 1948, The Mines Employment Act 1966, The Plantations Labour Act 1961 leh The Minimum Wages Act 1948 te a awm. Child Labour Act hian naupang kum 14 hnuai lamte chu hna chi hrang hrang 13 tarlanah te leh he Act schedule a part A & B a tarlan 57 ah te chhawr a khap a ni. He danin a phut bawhchhetute hrem theihna pawh he danah hian a awmin naupangte hnathawka chhawr theih hun chhung tur darkar zat tur te pawh fiah taka ziah lan a ni. 

Mahni chhungkua aṭangin thil tam tak kan zir a, pawn lamah mipui vantlang hnen aṭangin thil ṭha zir tur tam tak kan nei bawk. Kan puitlinna tur kawnga thil tam tak kan zirte hi mipui punkhawmna aṭang te, puitling zinga kan chettlatna aṭanga kan zir ngai te an ni bawk hlawm. Nimahsela khawtlang aṭanga nuapang kan nih avanga enhranna kan tawh ṭhin hian thil ṭha zir tur kan neih tam takte hi kan zir theih loh phah a ni. Puitlinna kawnga kan hriat tur tam tak kan zir theih loh phah fo a ni. 

Hnathawk tura naupang chhawr luih hi ram rethei leh ram ṭhang mek (developing countries) kan tihah te hian a hluar a. India ram pawh ram ṭhang mek a nih angin hnathawk tura naupangte chhawr luihna a tam hle a ni. Mizoramah erawh chuan buaipui tham khawpin he harsatna hi a la awm rih lo a, nu leh pate chhawk zangkhai tura naupang tirh leh hnathawk erawh hmuh tur a awm nual. Hnathawk tura chhawr luih hian keini naupangte nunah nghawng ṭha lo tak tak a nei thei a, nih tur ang nih phak lohna hial a thlen thei a ni. 

Khawtlanga naupangte enhranna: Mizote hi naupang ngaina hnam kan ni a, chutih rualin naupang hauh leh enhran ching tak kan ni bawk. Kan khawtlang nunah hian naupangte hian hmun an chang tlem hle a, kawng hrang hrangah naupangte tan hmun siamsak hi a awm ngai lo tluk a ni. Damdawiinah te, Hall-ah te leh vantlang punkhawmna hmunah te hian naupang tan hmun a awm ve ngai lo tluk a ni. 

Hei hi a chhan tam tak a awm thei ang a. Hetiang hmuna naupang kan kal tir ngai loh chhan chu nu leh patean an phal loh vang te pawh a ni ang a, nimahsela an puitlin zawk zelna turin heng damdawiinah te, hall-ah leh puipunna hmunah te hian hruai ṭhin ta zawk ila an hlawkpui ngei ang. ‘Uite rim i nam’ an tiha puitling zinga awm an phal lo ṭhin lai ang te kha chuan naupang rilruah a ṭha lo zawnga ngaihtuahna, inferiority complex a awmtir phah thei a ni. 

Naupang tihduhdah: Indian ram hi naupang kuthnathawka chhawr (child labour) tamna ber ram a ni a, chung zinga 69% chuan tharum hmanga tihduhdahna an tuar ṭhin. Mizo zingah pawh hian naupangte hian aia upa zawkte aṭangin tihduhdahna an tuar fo a. An duh lo chung thilsual tih tir a, tunhma lamah phei chuan meizial fawh tir leh zu in tir ching te an awm. Puitling zawk leh rual u zawkte chuan naupangte chu mawi lo takin an chhawnchhaih ṭhin a, fiamthu thawhna atan te pawh an hmang fo a ni. 

Hetianga tihduhdahna, tihnawmnahna leh hleilenna laka naupang humhim hi puitling zawkte mawhphurhna a ni. Women’s World Summit Foundation chuan kum 2000 chho aṭang khan naupangte tihduhdahna leh tihnawmnahna do beihpui an thlak a. WWSF leh a thurualpui pawl dangten an tum chu mitin hnena naupang venhim duhna rilru puttir te, chumi chungchang zau taka puanzar a, a taka hma la tura mipui fuih tharte hi a ni. WWSF hian kum 2000 khan khawvel pum huapa tihduhdahna laka naupangte venhimna ni (The World Day for Prevention of Child Abuse) atan November ni 14 kha a puang a ni. 

- Jenet Lalthuammawii, Class IX, Roll no 3, Govt. H/S Samlukhai