Indian economy tlahniam mek hi

India ramin politics lama dinhmun ngelnghet tak, sawrkar chak tak a neih lai a ni a. Khawvela oil man a tlakhniam mek lai leh, India ram pum huapa ei leh bar, sum leh pai lamah pawh dinhmun sang zawk kan thlir lai a ni bawk. Ram chhung leh pawnah pawh harsatna khirhkhan thleng thut (shock) awm lova, India ramin hun rangkachak a neih mek lai a ni. 

Hetiang dinhmuna kan awm mek laia India ram economy ṭhanna a tla hniam ta mai hian mi a barakhaih a; sawrkar lam pawhin pawm harsa an ti hle niin a lang. Kum 1991 khan Politics lam dinhmun a ngelngheh loh em avangin India ramin hun khirhkhan tak a hma chhawn a. Amaherawhchu, he harsatna hi khatih hun laia ram hruaitute fin leh varna avangin India ram tan hun thar ṭha zawka min hruai luttu a ni ta hlauh zawk a ni tih kha kan la hre reng awm e. Tuna harsatna pawh hi a natna tak hriat chian a, siamṭhatna kawng ruahman vat a ngai. Hemi chungchanga mi thiamte ngaihdan tlangpui sawi ve ang. 

Kum 2018-19 chhunga India ram ei-sum dinhmun ṭhan chak zawng zaa 6.8 a nih laiin, kum 2019-20 hian zaa 5 vel chauh ni tura chhut a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu kum 2019 (April-June) economy ṭhan chak zawng zaa 5.1 chauh ni kha zawi zawia tla hniam zelin July-September-ah chuan zaa 4.5 chauh a ni. Tichuan, kumin chhungin India ram chuan ei-sum dinhmun lamah beisei tur a nei sang lo hle niin a lang. 

Hetiang hi kan dinhmun a nih chuan tun hnai kum 11 chhunga India ram economy ṭhan chak zawng hniam ber ṭum a ni ang. India sawrkar thluak bur (think-tank) Niti Aayog Vice Chairman, Rajiv Kumar-a chuan, ‘India ramin mahnia ro inrelna a neih hnu kum 70 chhunga India ram dinhmun chhiat ber ṭum a ni’ a ti. Hetih laiin Sawrkar laipui chu India ramin harsatna a tawh mek chu sawi nep leh pawm ṭha duh lova ngaihna a lian hle thung. 

India ram ei leh bar, sum leh pai dinhmun khalh kaltu lo neihna lam te, thil siamna leh service sector-lam te ṭhan chak zawng hi an tla hniam mek a. India ram lo neitute hian harsatna lian tak, engtik lai pawhin an hmachhawn reng a. Bank sum an pukte an rulh theih loh avangin chhungkaw pa ber intihlum pawh an tam hle. Kum 2019-20 hian kum hmasa (2018-19) a ṭhanna zatve pawhin a ṭhang zo lo. Lo neitute thar chhuah leh sum hmuh a tla hniam hle dawn a ni. 

Thil siam chhuahna lam ṭhan chak zawng pawh a hniam hle. Lirthei siamna lam (automobile sector) in an tuar ber a. Lirthei an siamte an hralh theih loh avangin lirthei hralhna man an ti hniam a; an hralh tam chuan loh avangin lirthei siam an ti tlem a; hna thawktu tam tak chawlh an lak luih tir a, an ban ṭhen bawk. Mipui mamawh siamtu/ zuartute (Consumer Goods sector) te pawhin namen lovin an tuar a; siam chhuah leh hralh a tla hniam hle. In hmun lo ram hralhna (real estate sector) lam pawhin an insak sa lei tur an hmu zo lova; an sum puk an rul thei bawk lo. 

A chhan leh a vang tam tak a awm thei ang; mi thiamte ngaihdan pawh a inchen lo hle. RBI Governor hlui, Raghuram Ranjana chuan, “Sawrkarin hma lam thlir thiamna (vision) a nei mumal lo leh, pawisa note lian tihhlum (demonetisation) hun fuh lo te, GST bul ṭan dan fel tawk loh vang a ni” a ti a. Deh chhuah lam tihpunna aiin mipui hamṭhatna (public welfare) leh a thlawna thil sem sawrkarin a uar lutuk a. Mipui hamṭhatna siam sak hi thil ṭha tak zawng a ni ngei mai; amaherawh chu sawrkar sum hmuh (revenue) mila duan a ngai. Sawrkar laipui sum hmuh a tlak hniam mek laia a thlawna thil semna lam uar lutuk hi a pawi a ni’ a ti bawk. 

PM Modi-a sawrkar hmasaa Chief Economic Adviser, Arvind Subrama­niama chuan India ram ei leh bar, sum leh pai dinhmun tla hniam mek hi a ngaihtuah awm hle a, enkawl vat a nih loh chuan ‘Intensive Care Unit (ICU)’-ah dah a ngai thuai dawn niin a tarlang bawk. ‘Economy ṭhanna tlakhniam chhan hi kum 2008 a khawvel pum huap sum leh paia tlak chhiatna (Global Financial Crisis) ngawng kal zel, dam chiang tawk lo leh, tun hnaia Non-Bank Financial Company (NBFC) leh in leh lova sumdawnna (Real Estate Sector) tlak chhiat vang a ni’ a ti. Khawvel economy tla chhia khan ram danga thil thawn chhuah a ti tlem a; Bank leh Infrastructure Investment Company te sum hnar a ti chat a; loan chhia tam tak an neih phah bawk; hma thar lakna (investment) a tuan nasa em em a ni. ‘Heng harsatna te hi siam ṭhat tak tak an nih hmain harsatna thar NBFC leh Real Estate Sector lam aṭangin kan hma chhawn leh ta a ni’ a ti. 

Kum 2017 -18 leh 2018-19 chhung khan Indian economy chu bahlah lutuk lovin a ṭhang chhova. A chhan pakhat chu demonetization leh GST avanga Indian economy tla hniam lutuk tur kha oil man tla hniamin a chhan a. Tin, India pawisa hlutna tla hniam khan thil thawn chhuah lam a tipung nual bawk. Amaherawhchu, kum 2018 tawp lama NBFC leh Real Estate Sector harsatna avangin Bank ten loan an pe chhuak ngam ta lova; tin, sawrkar sum hman ral a lo tla hniam ve mek bawk a ni. Financial sector, abikin Bank leh NBFC lama harsatna avangin Indian economy ṭhanna sang tak, kal mek chu ṭhal laia tui hna kang chat ang mai a lo ni ta a. Mipui sum hman ral (consumption) a tla hniam a; thil thawn chhuah (export) leh sawrkar leh sumdawnna lam pawisa hman ral a lo hniam sa bawk nen - ram economy ṭhanna chu zawi zawiin a tla hniam ta ruai ruai mai a ni. 

Prime Minister hlui Manmohan Singh-a chuan, “India harsatna hrang hrang - sang tur lam hniam te, hniam tur lam sang te hi - ram inrelbawlna fel lovin a hrin chhuah mai a ni” a ti. ‘Sawrkar leh mipui, sumdawng te, thil siamtute inkara inrintawnna leh beiseina thar awm lo hi ram economy tichhetu a ni. Private company te tihṭhaih leh vau chin te hian thil siamtute a tihlauthawng a; hma thar an la ngam lo va, Bank-in pawisa an puktir ngam tawh bawk lova. Mi tin mai hi hlauhnain min bawih ta a ni’ a ti. 

Demonetization khan a tirah nghawng lian tak nei lo angin lang mah se, mi rethei zawk leh eizawnna ngel nghet nei lo te a nghawng dan hi chu ‘na’ tak a ni. India ram mi hausa, sumdawng te, industrialist leh sawrkar hnathawkte chu a nghawng ve tak tak lo. Swiss Bank a pawisa chheprelh (blackmoney) hai chhuah nan pawh ṭangkaina a nei bawk hek lo niin a lang. Lo neitute, mi rethei ni tina inhawhfa chawp te, mahnia a eizawng leh thil siamna te nau neitu leh thawktuten an tuar nasa ber. Heng ‘unorganized sector’ hnuaiah hian vawiin thlenga dinhmun tleu lak lawh hi an tam em em a ni. 

India sawrkar hian pawisa note hlutna a lo tihlum fo tawh ṭhin a. Mipui tan insiam remna hun thawl tak a pe ṭhin. Kum 2016-a ‘demonetization’ kha chuan mipui a barakhaih hle; mipui an ral khel a, thih phah an awm nual bawk. Loneitu tam ber tan chhiat leh zualna a thlen bawk. Lo neitu tam takin thlai thar an hralh thei lova; thlai chi thar an lei thei bawk hek lo. Lei ṭha (fertilizer) leina tur sum an nei bawk hek lo; buh leh bal an thar chhuak tlem em em a ni. India ram pumah lo neituten harsatna lian tak an hmachhawn zui ta a ni. 

Lo neitute bakah, mahnia ei zawng (self-employed) leh eizawnna tenau dang (informal/ unorganized sector) ten an tuar zual. India ram economy-ah informal/ unorganized sector te hi a thawh hlawk ber an ni. Ram chhung sum leh pai deh chhuah (GDP) zaa 50 vel hi an thawh chhuah a ni a; hna thawktu zaa 90 vel innghahna a ni. Lo neihna lam leh unorganized sector te harsatna hian India ram economy hi a pawt hniam hle a ngaih a ni. 

Hna thawh tur nei lo, khawpui leh thingtlangah nasa takin an pung mek a. A bik takin lehkhathiam hna nei lo ṭhalai an pung. Kum 2011-12 khan thingtlangah ṭhalai lehkhathiam hna nei lo zaa 43 chauh ni ṭhin kha kum 2017-18 ah chuan zaa 53 lai an ni ta. Chutiang bawkin khawpui lamah pawh zaa 61 aṭangin zaa 66 ah an pung bawk. Zirna lama hmasawnna avangin lehkhathiam an pung a; heng lehkhathiam, ṭhalaitete tana hna thawh tur ruahman sak hi sawrkar mawh liau liau a ni. 

Ei-sum dinhmun a tlak hniam avangin lo neihna lam te, thil siamna leh service sector lamah hma thar lak theih a nih loh avangin hna thar a awm thei ta lo va, hei hi ṭhalaiten an tuar nasa a ni. Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)-in a tarlan angin hna thawh tur nei lo hi ram pum huapin za 8.3 lai a ni; hei hi tun hnai kum 40 chhunga a san ber ṭum a la ni. 

Indian economy tlahniam mekin a nghawng pawi tak chu sawrkar sum hmuh, a bik takin GST aṭanga sum hmuh tlahniam hi a ni. September 2019 a GST aṭanga sum hmuh phei hi chu tun hnai thla 19 chhunga a hniam ber ṭum a ni. 

Hetih laiin sawrkar laipuiin mipui tihlawmna lam (populist policy) nasa takin a kal pui a. Sawrkar sum hmuh a tlem zel avangin sawrkar hmalakna awmsa tam tak, a bikin, vantlang hamṭhatna lam (social sector) - zirna leh hriselna lama programme a sukuk a. Ram ruhrel leh ro tling siamna atan duh tawk sum hman tur a awm lo va. Sawrkar sum hman ral a tlahniam a, mipui kutah sum leh pai a lut tlem a; company ten an thil siam an hralh thei lova, lo neitu leh thil siamtute an tuar a. Harsatna pakhatin harsatna dang a kangkai a, a inkangkai tawn zel a, harsatna lian zawk thleng mai thei dinhmunah India ram chu a ding mek a ni. 

Tihdam theih a ni, kawng awlsam tak chu a ni lo vang tih hi mi thiamte ngaihdan a ni. Hmalak nghalna tur lam hawi leh kalphung fel tawk lo siam-

ṭhatna lam, hun duh rei chi nen tan kawp a ngai ang. Sawrkar laipui chuan economy ṭhanna tlahniam mek chhan nan company chhiah pek te a tihniam a. RBI pawhin pawisa pukna (interest rate) a tihniam bawk. Corporate sector-te hamṭhatna tam tak ruahman sak an ni bawk. Bank tenaute suihzawmin, bank lian zawka siam an ni. Heng hmalaknate hian Indian economy a tidam zo rih lo niin a lang. 

Indian economy tlakhniam chhan hi thil siamtute harsatna lam ni lovin, mipui sum hnar a tlak chhiat avanga harsatna thleng a ni. Sawrkar laipui chuan lo neitute tana sum pek tura neih te pe chhuak vat vat se la, thingtlang hmasawnna lam chak zawkin kalpui se; zirna leh hriselna lam bakah mipui mamawh ro tling thil siamna lamah sum tam zawk hmang se. Hei hi hna pawimawh hmasa a ngaih ni. Mipui kuta sum a luh tam chuan sum hman ral a pung a; pawisa leng vak nasa takin a pun phah a. Hei hian thil siamtute a tiphur a; zawi zawiin ei leh bar, sum leh pai dinhmun a lo tha chhuak leh thin a ni. Hei hi ‘multiplier effect’ an ti a; JM Keynes-a chuan, ‘ram chhung ei leh bar, sum leh pai dinhmun a tlak hniam chuan a damdawi ṭha ber chu ro tling thil siamna lam atana ui hauh lohva sawrkar hman ral vat vat hi a ni,’ a ti. 

Sawrkar nghelnghet tak kan neih lai hian politics avanga tihchak awm vak lo - ram leilung enkawlna dan siamṭhat (land reform) leh hna thawktu rawih leh enkawlna lama siamṭhat hna (labour reform) lam te hi kal pui a hun hlea ngaih a ni. Ram ei leh bar tluchhe mek tun din a, hmasawnna hna chak zawka kal pui hi India ram ropuina tur a ni e.