MIZO LITERARY CRITICISM ṬHAN CHHOH DAN

Thu leh hla thlitfimna han tih mai hian literary criticism sawina lam a kawk deuh berin a lang. Mizote hian kan pi leh pute hunlai aṭang khan thu leh hla kan ngah viau a. Zai ngaina hnam kan nih avangin zai chi hrang hrang pawh kan ngah hle. Thu leh hla huangah hian mawi leh nalh tak tak, mihring nun inbunruahna ṭha tak tak pho lan a ni ṭhin a, thu ṭha leh mawi tak ziak turin ziah dan kalhmang kan neih loh chuan thu ṭha tak pawh holam deuhin a chhuak duh viau reng a ni. Mi thuziak chhiar chi te, ziak mite an awm hrang ṭheuh a, an pawimawh ve ve bawk. Chumi inkarah chuan thuziak mite thu leh hla lo zir chiang a, uluk taka lo thlifim a, lo chik zuitute hi mi pawimawh tak an ni. 

Mi thuziak emaw hla phuah emaw lo khel zuitu leh chik taka lo bih a, a ṭhatna leh mawina te, a dik lo leh fel lo tar lanna leh kawng dik kawhhmuhna kawng hian thu leh hlaah hmasawnna pawimawh tak a thlen a, chung mite chu critic kan tihte hi an ni. Critic te hian thu leh hla hmasawnna kawngah hmun pawimawh tak an luah a, kawng dik leh ṭha zawk kawhhmuhtu ṭangkai tak an ni. Amaherawhchu, critic ni tur erawh chuan rilru fim leh zau tak, chik leh uluk tak mi nih erawh a ngai viau. 

Mizo literature-a kutchhuak nei hmasate chuan theih tawp chhuahin literature hma­sawnna tur kawng an zawh a. Kan pi pute thu leh hla te, kan hla thar te, kan lehkhabu chhuak hmasate chu thlir zauin literary criticism bul an rawn ṭan a, chu chuan Mizo thu leh hla hmasawnna kawngah rahbi pawimawh tak a rawn thlen kan ti thei ang. 

Criticism tih thumal hi Greek thumal aṭanga lo kal a ni a, ‘krinei’ tih aṭanga lo kal niin chu chu ‘endik’ (to judge) tihna a ni. Tichuan, criticism tih ṭawngkam lo hmang hmasatu chu Father of English Criticism an tih John Dryden kha a ni a (Laisuih, 37), a bulṭantu chu Plato-a a nih laiin a taka rawn kalpuitu erawh chu Aristotle kha niin an sawi. (Vannghaka 167) 

Criticism hi sawi fiah dan hrang hrang a awm thei a; amaherawhchu a kawh tum leh nihna erawh chu a danglam chuang awm lo ve. Criticism kan hriat fiah theih nan sawi fiahna hrang hrang lo en hmasa ila. T.S. Elliot chuan, “Criticism chu mi thu leh hla ziak chhui a, ziak ve veka a ṭha leh ṭha lo laite tarlan a, comment kan siam ve na hi a ni” (Laldinmawia 317) tiin a sawi a. Victorian period-a critic ropui bera an chhal ṭhin Matthew Arnold chuan, “Hleih bik nei lova, khawvela kan thil hriat leh ngaihtuahte awmze neia zir chian leh theh darh hi a ni” tiin a sawi ve bawk (Laldinmawia 317). 

Mizo critic hmasa zinga mi Siamkima Khawlhring chuan, “Literature chi khat, literary criticism kan tih, zalen taka rilru leh ngaihtuahna hmanga literature chik taka zirna leh thlirna a ni” (Siamkima 20) tiin a sawi ve bawk a, L. Keivom pawhin he lehkhabuah tho hian “Literary criticism hi thu leh hla thlukna, rilna, mawina leh hlutna hai chhuah tuma chik taka bihna a ni” (Keivom 14) a ti ve bawk. A tawi zawnga sawiin mi thu leh hla fakselna emaw belh chianna tih hian a fiah tho awm e. 

Literary Criticism-ah chuan mimal ngaih dan pakhat hi a dik vek lo va, mah se, ngaih dan hrang hrang zingah ti hian a awmzia chu han sawi dawn teh ang. Literary Criticism chu thuziak eng pawh a ṭhatna leh ṭhat tawk lohna laite chipchiar tak leh ngun taka zir chian a, a ṭha zawk siam chhuah kawnga thu ziaktute ngaih dan thar pekte hi a ni ti ila kan sawi sual awm lo ve. 

C. Lalsiamthanga chuan Lusei leh A Vela Hnamdangte Chanchin tih Pastor Vanchhunga ziaka pi pute hla a sawina “A ni tak e, hla phuah ṭanna hi mihring rilru tidanglamphuttu a awm hun hi a ni fo reng a ni. Hla hi thu par a ni, thu aia thu, (Lalsiamthanga 34) tih hi C. Lalsiamthanga chuan Mizo criticism bulṭanna niin a sawi a. “Mizo thu leh hlaa duhtuina (criticism) chhuitute hian kan palzut ngam dawn em ni?” a ti hial a ni (Lalsiamthanga 34). He lehkhabu, kum 1955 a chhuak hian, “...zir tur a pai hnem zawk” (Lalsiamthanga 35) tiin a ṭanchhan a sawi zui bawk. 

Zikpuii Pa hian kum 1954-ah ‘Lushai Literature’ a ziak a, “Milton-a Paradise Lost te, ‘Pope-a Epitles on Man’ te kan chhiar chuan, keini hla chuan kawtchhuah a la pel lo tih kan hria ang,” a ti nghe nghe. Heta Zikpuii Pa-in duhtuina lam hawi a thuziak hi vawiin ni thleng pawha a ṭha pawl a ni hial awm e. 

Mizo literary criticism bul ṭanna hi kum 1912-a Bible thu kha ngai ta ila, hemi hnu hi chuan thawm hriat tur a vang tawh hle. Kum 1972-a chhuak Book review Didakhe-ah khan, khatah khan Rev. Beiseian a lo ching chhuak tawh a; mah se, a kalphung erawh duh thu a sam chiah lo a. A thupuiah book review a tih miau si avangin pawm loh theih loh a nihna lai a awm bawk si a. Mahse, kum 1974-a C. Rokhuma ziah ‘Lal Isua Chanchin A Lenlai Nite’ tih Rev. Beiseia review-te chu pangngai tak a ni tawh a. A bu chhunga thu awm te, a bu hmingte leh a dang dang a sawisel a. Mahse, a ziaktu tana inenfiahna tur thu a sawi tel tawh a ni. 

Kum 1979-a Rev. Ronghinga ziak ‘An Sulhnu’ tih Rev. Zalawman a review kha han chhiar chuan ngaihtuahna zau zawk min neihtirin fimkhurna tur thil tam tak pawh kan hriat phah a ni tiin Siamkima pawhin a fak hle tawh a ni. (Siamkima 171). 

Kum 1979-ah vek hian C. Sangzuala chuan ‘Normal Christian Life (Christian Nun Tluang)’ tih Watchman Nee ziak a review-te chu chhiar manhla tak a ni tawh a. Textual Criticism chhungah ngaihngam takin a khung theih tawh ang. ‘Thilmak Sawmsarih’ Rev. Thansiama ziak a review chu thu leh hlaa fakselna rawng hnawihtu pawimawh tak a tling chho tawh. 

Hun a inher zel a, kum 1973 aṭanga a lo ziah tawh ‘Zalenna Ram’ chu kum 1986-ah Siamkima Khawlhring chuan a lo chhuah ve leh bawk a. He lehkhabu hian Mizo Literature dinhmunte thlir chung zelin Mizo literature-a fakselna kal bai mek chu a rawn siam ṭhain Mizo thu leh hlaah kawng thar a rawn sat eng ta a ni. Hetih lai hian duhtuina lam thuziak hmuh tur a tam ve telh telh a. Thu leh hla lamah pawh hma a sawn ve hle a ni. Ziaktu lar zual deuhte chu Remkunga te, R. Lalrawna te, Lalzuia Colney, Thanpuii Pa, R. Vanlawma, C. Lalsiamthanga, Lalchungnunga leh C. Lalram­zauva-te hi a lar zualte an ni. Mahse, regular taka ziak erawh an tam lo. 

Lalsangzuali Sailo hian hla chungchangah thu a ziak nual a, Dr. Laltluangliana Khiangte hi drama lamah a kal thui deuh a, poetry hrilhfiahna leh lehkhabu bihchianna lam pawh a ti nual a ni. Darchuailova hian thu leh hla thlitfimna hlang ‘Tlang Thawveng’ tih chu a chhuah a, a ni hi vawiin thlenga hming langsar pawl a la ni reng. A ni bakah H. Lalrinfela’an kum 1997-a a ziak ‘Chawlhna Tuikam’ a ziak a. Hemi-ah hian Siamkima’an Father of Mizo Poetry nihna Hrawva a lo pek tawh chu a rawn hnial a. Siamkima’n, “Mizo hla thu hmanga poetry tak tak ziak hmasa bertu leh a kawng sattu ‘Father of Mizo Poetry’ a ni e,” a lo tih chu Mafaa chuan, “Ka hmuh ve dan chuan Hrawva pi pute hla phuah dan kalhmang kha pen hnih khat bakin a kal pel lo... Khaw thar min kaipuitu tak tak chu Biakliana hi a ni lo thei lo vang” (Mafaa 47) tiin a rawn hnial a ni. 

Mizo thu leh hlaa ṭhahnemngai tak mai Ṭhuamtea Khawlhring a lo lang nawlh mai a. Ani hian hnampui zawkte kal dan hmangin Mizo hla hi metered verse-in a tih ve theih a ni tiin a lo tlangau va, a theihzia lantir nan ‘Zunzai a Zam’ tih pawh mawi takin a phuah nghe nghe a ni. (Ṭhuamtea 144). Mi huaisen leh tlang hrek hrawk tak mai C. Lalawmpuia Vanchiau a lo chhuak ve leh a, ‘Chhamhla phuah nan thingtlanga ṭawng ziding ngei hi hman tur’ tia Wordworth-a te theory pawh hnialin ‘Kan vuiliam a hun ta’ tiin pehhel awm lo leh ruh lang rawtin a lo sawi ta khawlh mai a. Creative writing lehzela language construction lo intuk hi a ṭul lo a ni tiin a lo sawi a. 

Hun a kal zel a, Criticism chungchang ziah­na bu pawh a chhuak nual a, Mizo literature hma­sawnna tur atana pawimawh tak a ni. Lal­tluangliana Khiangte, Ṭhuamtea Khawlhring, Dar­chuailova Renthlei, C. Chhuanvawra, Lal­awm­puia Vanchiau-te hi dam lai mek zingah chuan fakselna huanga kan khung len ber turte chu tunah chuan an ni rih niin a lang a, hmasawn zawngin a kal ve zel a, a lawmawm hle mai.