Tunlai India ram sumpai dinhmun

Kum 2014 khan BJP chuan hneh takin sorkarna a la a. Prime Minister atan legislature party chuan Pu Narendra Modi chu an thlang a. Pu Modi hi a lal tirh phat aṭangin a viak a ṭha a, a hrohrang a na a, thusawi a thiam em em bawk. Amah hi mi thawm na a ni a, hming awmsa thlak a uar hle a, mi bik ni hliah hliah hian a in hria niin a lang. 

A hmalak zinga langsar em em, ram mipuiten nasa taka kan tawrh, engtia rei nge he tawrhna hian ram a nghawng dawn tih pawh hriat loh chu pawisa Rs 1000, Rs 500 note tih thih kha a ni. Ni 8.11.2016 khan a chunga kan sawi pawisa note te khi a ti thi thut a, ram mipui kan chi-ai a, kan mangang a, hlauhna-in kan khat a, kan thla a muang lo a nih kha. Pawisa thih hian vawiin thlengin nghawng a nei a, a la nei zel dawnin a lang bawk. 

Khawvel ram dangte pawhin pawisa hi an dopuite hneh nan emaw hrem nan emaw an lo tithi tawh ṭhin a, mah se, khawi ram mah dingchhuak an awm lo. USSR te, Burma te, Zimbabwe etc te pawhin chutiang chuan an lo tithi tawh a, mah se, an dingchhuak thei tawh ngai lo. Modi-a sorkar pawh hian a elpui Congress hruaitute tihchhiat a tum vangin pawisa hi tithi niin a lang; ram sum leh pai chawi kan tumna lam chu a hawi lo hlein a lang. 

Khawvel ram zawng zawngin an hlauh ber chu ram chhungah tuten emaw pawisa lem an rawn thehdarh ang tih hi a ni. A chhan chu ram hausakna, goods and services nena in buk tawk lova pawisa a tam thut chuan nasa takin ram economy-in a tuar ṭhin a. Mu leh mal awm lovin thil hrang hrang man a san phah a, goods and services te, demand & supply lamah ṭhanna a awm si lo. Tangka chu mi hausa tlemte kutah a lut zo leh vek a, ramin a tuar ta ṭhin a ni. 

Pawisa tih thih hma khan India rama pawisa leng kual vel tam lam chu Rs 1798000 crore lai nia chhut a ni. Pawisa tih thih hnu kum 2017 khan sorkar laipui chuan Rs 1614250 crore lai a siam belh leh a ni. Chumi awmzia chu kan rama pawisa lenglak chu namen lovin a tam ta thut a, buaipui tham a tling a, Rs 3412000 crores lai chu a vir vel ta niin a lang. Chu chuan India ram economy-ah nghawng ṭha lo tak a nei a, a nei mek zel a, a la nei zel dawn niin a lang. 

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Minimum Reserve System, 1957 in a sawi ang chuan pawisa siam belh tur chuan Reserve Bank chuan Property worth Rs 200 crore a kawl a ngai a ni. Chumi aṭanga chhuta rangkachak (hlutna) reserve chu Rs 115 crore a ni tur a ni. Tin, Foreign currency pawisa hlutna Rs 85 crore hu a kawl bawk tur a ni. Ram sum dinhmun tehna GDP (Gross Domestic Product) behchhanin pawisa hi siam belh a ni ṭhin a, ram economy a ṭhat chuan 2% - 3% of GDP ang hu vel pawisa siam belh ṭhin a ni. Goods and services hlutna nen pawisa siam tam lam chu a in buk tawk (in exact proportion with the value of goods and services) tur a ni. Modia sorkarin pawisa note Rs 1000 leh Rs 500 a tih thih hnu kum 2017 khan heng pawisa note te hi sorkar chuan a siam thar leh ta vak a, an siam zat leh a siam nana pawisa an sen zat chu hetiang hi a ni: 

Rs 200 note siam zat = Rs 35600 Cr. 

Chhutna man = Rs 522.8 Cr. 

Phek khat chhutna man = Rs 2.93p. 

Rs 500 note siam zat = Rs 847850 Cr. 

Chhutna man = Rs 4968.84 Cr. 

Phek khat chhutna man = Rs 2.94p.

Rs 2000 note siam zat = Rs 730800 Cr.

Chhutna man = Rs 1293.6 Cr. 

Phek khat chhutna man = Rs 3.54p. 

Pawisa thar a siam belh zat = Rs 1614250 Cr a ni. Chhut man total = Rs 6785.24 Cr. 

Central Sorkarin sawi lawk awm lova pawisa a ti thi thut hi a pawi hle a, kan ram economy-in a tuar tak zet a ni. Engtia rei nge min nghawng dawn tih pawh sawi har tak a ni. Kan sum lakluh tehna GDP pawh 5% chauh a lo ni ta. Za zela pakhat 1% a GDP a tlakhniam ringawt pawh hian company a thawk lai mi eng zatin nge hna chan ang le an ti ṭhin a ni. Unemployment problem a tam a, hna thawh tur nei lo 6.1% laiin a sang chho ta a ni. 

Dr Manmohan Singh-a hunlai kha chuan a san laiin 3.6% vel a ni a. Tunah hian India ram pumah hna thawh tur nei lo/ hmu lo, hna nei lai bang ta te nen vek mi 30000000 lai an awm mek nia chhut a ni. Company tam tak an tluchhia a, tam takin an hnathawkte an ban a, sum thawhtu (investors) ten sum an thawh ngam tawh lova, foreign company te an inhnukdawk hret hret zel a, hmasawnna atana bank-ten loan an pek chhuah a tlem tial tial bawk - mangan thlak tak a ni. Sumdawngten sorkar an ring zo tawh lo a, sorkarin pawisa a tih thih leh hlauin investors leh businessmen-te chu an thaw dep dep a ni ber mai. Rilru a thlamuan loh chuan sumdawnna a kal tluang thei lo. Zan khat thilthuah billionair kha a zero mai ang tih an hlau a ni ngei ang. 

RBI weekly statistical supplement 30.8.2019 a tihchhuaha a lan danin leh Econo­mic Survey of India 2014-15 tarlan danin kum 2019-20 hi chuan India-in ram hrang hrang nena an in sumdawn tawnnaa FOREX Reserve pawisa a neih tur zat (target) chu $ 750 billion - $ 1000 billion lai tling tura chhut a ni a, mah se, 23.8.2019 a kan dinhmun dik taka pawisa kan neih zat chu $ 429 billion chauh nia chhut a ni. Chumi awmzia chu export (bungraw thawn chhuah) lamah kan che chhe hle tihna a ni. 

RBI surplus Rs 176000 Cr lai RBI aṭangin sorkarin a lak sak a. Bimal Jalal Expert Committee chuan RBI surplus hi an en a, za zela 5.5% to 6.5% chu RBI-in la kawl se, a dang zawng chu Central sorkar-ah pek luh tur tiin recommendation a siam a ni. Hetiang pawisa hi emergency/ contingencies, ram economy talbuai thut tur ven nan an hmang ṭhin a, tunah pawh 6.8% an hmang kal mek niin a lang. Expert committee hian an mamawh aia tlem kawl turin RBI hi an ti ta zawk niin a lang. 

Kumin 2019-20 chhunga Union Budget-a a landan chuan RBI aṭanga surplus transfer tura an tih chu Rs 90000 Cr a ni. Mahse, an lak sak tam ta hle si. RBI-in hetiang hian surplus hi central sorkar-ah a lo transfer tawh ṭhin a ni. Kum 2016-17 khan Rs 30659 Cr lai a transfer a. Kum 2017-18 khan Rs 50000 Cr lai a transfer bawk. Kum 2018-19 khan Rs 68000 Cr vel a transfer a, kum 2019-20 hian Rs 90000 transfer tur a ni a, mah se, Rs 176000 Cr an lak sak ta zawk a ni. Rs 86000 Cr hi a chuanga liama an lak tel chu a ni ta a ni. Kan pawisa hlutna te, kan export - import lam thil te, ram economy kal dan mumal lo nasa lutukte chu eng hmangin nge RBI hian a ven tak ang le tih chu zawhna awm mek a ni. 

Kan ram pawisa (Rupee) hlutna a tlahniam nasa a, kan ram sum leh pai dinhmun a chhe zel a ni. Tun dinhmunah hian US dollar khat leh India tangka 71.2 a intluk. Ram danga bungraw thawn chhuah (export) lamah kan tlahniam em em a, kan sumdawn pui ramten phur takin min thawhpui thei tawh lo a ni ngei ang. India tangka demand hi kan sumdawn pui ramte aṭangin a tlahniam hle niin a lang. Chumi awmzia chu kan ram economy a ṭha lo a, siam chhuah (production) a tlahniam nasa tihna a ni. Chumi avang chuan mamawhtute aṭangin demand pawh a tlahniam hle tihna a ni bawk. USA dollar hi a hlu a, a sumdawn pui ramte aṭangin mamawhna (US dollar demand) a sang em em tihna a ni - a awmzia chu US hi a sumdawnna khawvelah a kaltluang hle tihna a ni. A bungraw lakluhna ramten US dollar an mamawhna a sang tihna a ni bawk. Pawisa hlut leh hlut loh chhutna chu ram economy, market forces, supply & demand dinhmun azir zel a ni. 

Sumdawngten ram politics leh ram hruaituteah rinna an nghah ngam chuan stock market-ah a lang a, ram economy a sang zawngin a kal ṭhin. Sumdawngtuten BJP sorkarah hian rinna an neih leh neih loh chu kan ram economy aṭang hian a lang chiang viau a ni; an ring lutuk lo niin a lang. Sumdawng lian hoten pawisa hi a thi leh mai ang tia hlauhna rilru an put tlat chuan ram economy a ṭhang thei ṭhin lo a ni. Pawisa an tithi mai mai tawh dawn lo tih hi mipuia an tiam a ngaiin a lang. 

Kan chhiah lak dan system pawh hi kan ram economy hian a tuar rih a ni. Value Added Tax (VAT) kan hman lai khan kan ṭhang ṭha chho viau a ni - chhiah lak dan hrang hrang a tam lu deuh e tih mai lo chu. VAT kan lak laia thil man Rs 48.75p man te kha GST kan lak hnu chuan Rs 100.64p lai a lo ni ta. Mipuite tawrhna a chhawk tura kan ngaih laiin a rip ta zawk tlat a ni. Tun hmaa VAT 4% laknaah khan 12% lai lak a lo ni ta a, GST hi chawhruala 18% lak an tum ta hial a ni. Mipui tana ṭha tura ngaih hi mipuite tana tawrhna a ni. Hman thiam hun a la awm turah ngai ila, tun dinhmunah chuan kan ram economy ṭhan ti ṭhutu a ni tlat. Ni 1.7.2017 a India PM zahawm tak Modi-an a hawn aṭang khan beiseinain kan thlir a, vawiin thleng hian beiseinain kan la thlir reng a nih hi. Eng tak ang zel ang i maw? 

India ram economy tlahniam hian Mizoram pawh min nghawng tel zel dawn. Kum 2000 hnu lam hi chuan central sorkara chhiah leh sum lutte hi state leh central sorkarin kan insem dan tur chu Finance Commission (FC) kutah dah a ni ta a. Central sorkar tlawnin awmzia a nei tawh mang lo a ni. The 14th FC khan kum 2015-2020 chhung atan Rs 30584.21 Cr min pe a ni. Sum min pek dawna tehfunga an hmante chu: (1) Mipui tam dana zirin. (2) Ram puma mimal sum lak luh leh kan state a mimal sum lak luh inthlauh dana zirin. (3) Kan ram awmna rem leh rem loha zirin. (4) Eizawnna tur ram nei tlem khawpa Forest ram a zauin. (5) Kan revenue expenditure tam lutuk min han hnawh khah sak turin. 

Congress sorkar lai khan 15th Finance Commission hnenah dilna thehluh tawh a ni a, MNF sorkar pawhin tlem azawng rawtna an telh belh bawk. A vaia kan dil zat chu Rs 92355.94 Cr a ni. Engzat nge min pawmpui dawn erawh hriat a ni lo. Finance Commission hrang hrangte hian ngaih pawimawh bik an nei ṭhin. Tuna mi pawh hian approach hran deuh chu a nei ngei turah ngai ila. The 15th Finance Commission sum hi kum 2020-2025 chhung atan ruahman a ni a, 1st April, 2020 aṭangin kan hmang ṭan tawh dawn a ni.