Sikul ṭan hun: Anni leh Keini

Education Minister thar chuan sikul ṭan hun chungchang a sawi rik chu chanchinthar (print leh visual medi) ah a lo lang a. Ngunthluk deuh zawkin i ngaihtuah teh ang. 

Sikul ṭan hma chhan? Ngaihtuahna fim kan mamawh e...

Sikul ṭan hma tura rel a nih khan, sikul ṭan hun sawn hma ṭul chhan nia sawi thil pahnih a lo lang a: pakhatna chu traffic jam chungchang hi a ni. (Dt.24.10.2012 ah Coordination Committee on Traffic Management Meeting, Transport Minister office a neihah agenda 14 naah a lang). A pahnihnaah chuan ‘zirlai ho mut hun bi’ chungchang a ni (Dt. 11.12.2013 ah Chief Secretary Conference Room-ah Secretaries meeting-ah sikul ṭan hma tum chhanah traffic jam tihziaawmna tur nia sawi ṭhin kha sikul naupangte mut hun bi felfai theihna tur nia sawi ṭan a ni). 

Sikul ṭan hun chungchanga thutlukna dik siam tur chuan sikul ṭan hma a nih hma leh a hnulam hi chik taka zirchian a ngai. Chu mai ni loin sikul ṭan hma a nih hian hlawkna a thlen chauh ni loin harsatna/ channa a thlen (cost-benefit analysis) nen buk tur a ni ang. 

He’ng kan sawi takte chungchangah hian kan ngaihtuahna tizau turin mi thiamte leh ram dang ṭhenkhat dinhmun i en dawn teh ang. 

Mut duh tleirawl te...

Professor Paul Kelly, Director of the Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience, Oxford University chuan mut hi kan zirna kawnga kan thil hriatna leh dawnsawnna tichaktu pawimawh ber niin a sawi. Oxford a Department of Neurosciences a mithiamten an zirna aṭanga an hmuhchhuah chu tleirawlte hi an thatchhiat vang ni lovin an taksa in a mamawh avangin mut hnem an mamawh a, zing lamah thawh an harsat bawk niin an sawi. (The Guardian, Oct 20, 2015). 

Naupang an han ṭhanglian a tleirawl an nih chhoh hian mutchhuah hun a inthlak a, dar 11pm chho velah an mut a chhuak chauh ṭhin. An mut mamawh zat darkar 8-10 phuhruk turin zingah an thawh tlai a ngai ṭhin. (Psychology Today, Aug 9, 2018) University of Munich a mithiamte zirna aṭanga a lan danin thawh leh mut hun hi tleirawlah hian a tlai telh telh a, kum 20 hnu lamah a hma chho leh a ni. An taksa in a mamawh dan leh nunphung a hun bi a insutin mut an tlachham ṭhin. (The Conversation, Jan 12, 2018) US National Sleep Foundation-in a tarlan danin naupang kum 3-5 hian darkar 10-13 mut an mamawh a, kum 6-13 hian darkar 9-11 an mamawh thung. Kum 14-17 hian darkar 8-10 an mamawh thung. 18 hnulamah hian mut mamawh hun a tlahniam leh a ni. 

Zing lam mi (Larks) leh Zan lam mi (Owls)

Mi thiamte sawi danin mihring hi chi thumin kan mut hun bi hmangin kan ṭhen theih - zing lama harh hma (larks), zan lama meng rei zing lama harh hma lo (owls) leh hetiang ni lem lo a laia awm/ a engmah ni lo ve ve te an ni. Sikul ṭan hma hi zing lama harh hma (larks) te hian an tuar lova, zan lama meng rei zing lama harh hma lo (owls) ho hian an tuar nasa bik an ti. He’ng mi hrang hrangte hian hun bi hrang an mamawh a ni. (Mike Battista, Cambrige Brain Sciences) 

Early to bed and early to rise...?

He thu rawn vawrhlartu chu Benjamin Franklin a ni. Tun hma-in Aristotle pawh khan hetiang deuh hi a lo sawi tawh nia ngaih a ni. 2009 a zirchianna pakhat chuan zing lama tho hma ṭhinte leh zan lama meng rei ṭhinte hian rahchhuah (productivity) ah inthlauhna an nei lem lo niin a sawi. (Sleepbetter.org, Sleep Myth Monday : Early to Bed Early to Rise). 

Facebook siamchhuaktu leh CEO Mark Zuckerberg pawh hi a tho hma vak lova, zing dar 8 ah a tho ṭhin (Business Insider Report). Buzzfeed CEO Paretti pawh hi zing dar 8:30 velah a tho chauh ṭhin. Winston Churchill pawh kha zing dar 7:30 velah a harh a, a khum aṭangin 11 velah a tho chauh ṭhin. (Business Insider, Jun 24, 2017, 18 people who prove you don’t have to wake up incredibly early to be successful). University of Madrid a zirchianna pakhatin a hmuhchhuah chu zinga tho hma zirlai aiin zan lama meng rei zirlaite hian an zirlaiah an tiṭha-in an thluak a ṭha zawk. An zirlai 25% zet chu zinga harh hma (larks) an ni a, 32% chu zinga harh hma lem lo, zan meng rei (owls) an ni thung. A bak zawng chu hemi pahniha tel ve lo an ni. University of Southampton a zirchiannaah chuan zan lama meng rei (owls) te hi an sum lakluh chawhrual a sang zawk a, 8% a sangin zirlai an tiṭha zawk bawk. 

Khawthlang ramah mi thiam te’n sikul ṭan tlai an rawt! Sap thatchhe ho...

Kum 2015 ah Sorkarin sikul ṭan hun a sawn hma lai khan khawthlang ramah chuan sikul ṭan hun sawn tlai turin an lo buai ve mek a. British Science Festival-ah ‘mut lam mithiam’ (sleep expert) rualte chuan ‘tleirawl’ te tan zing dar 10 a sikul ṭan tlai an rawt heu mai!

Sikul ṭan hma chuan tleirawlte mut mamawh hun a pawh hek bakah hriselna a nghawng thei niin an sawi. He thila a meizanghlaptu, Professor Paul Kelly, Oxford University chuan tleirawlte hian an mut mamawh hun darkar 3 vel zet an hloh ziah a, hei hi khawtlang anga vei tham a tling niin a sawi. 

Ṭhalai kum 14-24 te chuan kum dangho nen khaikhinin mut an tlachham bik hle niin a sawi. Prof. Paul Kelly leh a thawhpui Prof Russel Foster te chuan zing dar 10 ah sikul ṭan a, dar 11 ah University ṭan an la rawt ta deuh deuh! (BBC News, Sleep Scientists’ wake up call for later school starts’ 8, Sept, 2015). Mut lam zirbing mi pakhat, Wahlstrom, University of Minnesota chuan 1990’s aṭang daih tawh khan sikul ṭan tlai hi a lo rawt tawh a ni. (Business Insider, Feb 10, 2017) 

Sikul ṭan tlai a hlawhtling! An la ti ta deuh deuh...

Keini ramah chuan kum 2015 aṭang khan sikul ṭan hma ni mah se mimal ngaihdan leh hmuh dan tapchhak zawla sawi khawm let let bak, sikul ṭan hma hlawk zawkna, hlawk zawk dan te chiang taka han sawi turin zirchian a ni lo a. ‘Thawh hma hi a ṭha a ni, Sikul ṭan hma duh lotute chu an thawh hma peih loh vang a ni mai’ tih vel bak thil mumal tak a vang hle. 

Hetih lai hian khawthlang ramah chuan sikul ṭan hun an sawn tlai avang hian an hlawk hle niin zirchianna hrang hrang chuan a tarlang thung! Yale University a mithiamte chuan US ah sikul ṭan hun sawn tlai a nih hnuin zirlaiten mut an kham sawt a, an harhvang sawt a, an zirlai pawh an ti ṭha zawk niiin an sawi. (Delayed school start times and adolescent sleep: A systematic review of the experimental evidence). University of Washington a mithiamte pawhin an tarlan danin US-ah sikul ṭan hun sawn tlai a nih hnuah zirlaiten an zirlai an tiṭha sawt niin an tarlang (Science Advances) - He zirchianna beitute hian an sawi danin mihringte hian kan kum mil zelin kan taksaah mut leh thawh hun min thingtu a awm a. Hei vang hian tleirawlte hian zing lamah thawh an harsat bakah darkar 8-10 tal mut an mamawh niin an sawi. 

Zirchianna 38 lakkhawm aṭangin US a sikul ṭan hun sawn tlai avangin naupangin mut an kham sawt a, zirnaah pawh result a ṭha zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni. (The Bronfenbrenner Center for Translational Research, Cornell Unviersity). Zirlai grade ṭha te chu a tlangpui thu-in mu tlemte ni lovin mut kham te an ni; a 

tiṭha ho hi a tichhe deuhho aiin an mu tam zawk tlangpui. (Mindell & Ownens, Clinical Guide to Paediatric Sleep : Diagnosis & Management of Sleep Problems) 

Rethei leh pachhiate tana huatthlala sikul ṭan hma...

Hetiang kalphung inthlak hian dan naranin khawsak harsa lem lote aiin khawsak harsate a nghawng nasa fo. Social media kawmkar pakhatah chuan nu pakhat thuziak “Sikul ṭhaah fate kan luhtir duh si a, kan khuaah sikul ṭha a vang si a, kalna a hla tham deuh nen a hautak duh khawp mai” tih khan ngaihtuah a ti thui hle.

Mut hun bi hrek hian zirlai, sum leh pai leh khawsakhonaa pachhe zawkten an tuar nasa bik a, an  thil zirna kawngah rahchhuah (cognitive outcome) ah an tuar nasa bik ṭhin (Wolfson & Richards. Young Adolescents: Struggles with insufficient sleep, Sleep & Development, Oxford University Press El Sheikh edit 2011). 

Economist, Jonah Rockoff leh Brian Jacob, University of Michigan te sawi danin dinhmun chhe zawkte hi sikul ṭan hma hian a thlei bik a, zirtirtu laktlak lo takin a zirtir bik ang an ni an ti. Zirtirtu pangngai aia a 16 na vel a ṭha loin a zirtir bik ang niin an chhut. (schoolstarttime.org, The Impact of School Start Times on Adolescent Health & Academic Performance). 

Thawhrim rah chu channa!

Rand Corporation-in a zirchianna aṭangin Japan hian kum tin mut kham loh avangin $ 138 Billion an chan a, US hian $ 411 Billion a chan nia chhut a ni bawk. Hei hi mut kham loh avanga hrisel loh leh rah chhuah tlahniam aṭanga chhut a ni. 

Timezone leh keini...

A chunga kan tarlan tak leh keini dinhmun hi in persan tak tak tam tak a awm ang. Zau leh thuk zawka ngaihtuahna kan sen theihna atana kan ngaihtuahna tizau atana chhawpchhuah chauh an ni. 

Keini dinhmuna danglam nghal pakhat chu North East India leh IST (timezone) chungchang hi a ni. India ram chhak leh thlang tawp hi darkar 1 vel (degree 15) zet a a inthlauh laia timezone thuhmun kan hmang hi mi tamtakin an vei a. Hei hi thil veiawm tak pawh a ni. Hman deuh lawkah Gauhati High Court-ah pawh timezone hran hman duh avangin PIL thehluh a nih kha. Chuti chung chuan sikul ṭan hun sawn hma hmanga ‘daylight saving’ kalpui hi tum a nih chuan thil fuh tak niin a lang lo. Sorkar pisa leh thildang min nektute hun bi a danglam ve si lo a. Timezone hran hmang law law ila chuan thuhran a ni ang. 

Engpawh nise sikul ṭan hun sawn hma hian rah ṭha a chhuah nge tam, harsatna a thlen tih te hi uluk taka zirchian a ṭul. Trial and error ringawta kal hi chu duhtawk a hun tawh hle mai. 

National Curriculum Framework 2005 in sikul hun bi chungchangah chuan ‘naupang tana sikul hlat zawng’ bakah thildang te chhutin khawtlang thuneitute nen sawiho in mahni dinhmun ṭheuh a zirin ‘flexibility’ kalpui nise (sikula an hun hman rei zawng biktuk aia tlem hmang si lovin) tih hi a him tawk viau-in a lang.