MAU LEH RUA LEH A BEHBAWM

Mau hi khawvelah chi 1450 vel a awm a. A tam dan indawtin China-700, Brazil-400, Australia-190, Mexico, USA, India-ah 148 vel a awm. India ram pum 13% chu mau-in a khuh a, ram lum aṭanga ram vawt (>3000 m) thlengin an awm a, 50% vel chu khawvel hmun danga awm lo (endemic species) a ni. 

India ramah NE India-ah mau a tam ber a, chi 90 dawn lai a awm a, chuta 41% chu endemic species a ni. Meghalaya-ah a tam ber a, chi 46-50 a awm a; Arunachal Pradesh-ah 47; Manipur-ah 41; Assam-ah 40; Mizoram-ah 35; Sikkim-ah 29-30; West Bengal-ah 32; Nagaland-32; Kerala-24; Andaman-24; Tripura-20; Bihar-19; Odisha-13; Jharkhan-11; Karnataka-10; Chhattisgarh-9; Himachal-8; M.P.-8; Maharastra-8; Punjab-4; J&K-2; Rajasthan-2; Gujarat-2; Haryana-2; Goa-1 (Sharma & Nirmala, 2018). India rama mau 70% vel chu NE India leh Western Ghats (biodiversity hotspots)-a awm a ni. China, Australia leh USA ami te hi chu phun chawp deuh vek an ni a, India ramah chuan a tual ṭo deuh vek a ni thung. 

India Parliament chuan, “Mau hi grass a ni a. Chuvangin, thing awm lohna (non-forest)-a ṭo/ phun te chu lak leh hralh phal a ni a; ramngaw (forest)-a tualṭote erawh chu ‘thing’ anga ngaih tur a ni a, dan angin enkawl a ni ang,” (The Bill permits felling and transit of bamboo grown in non-forest areas.However,bamboo grown on forest lands would continue to be classified as a tree and would be guided by the existing legal restrictions), tih a ni. India sorkar hian ramngaw (forest) hrilhfiahna mumal tak a la nei lo va. Sorkarin ram atana a tarlan (notified) apiang chu ramngaw anga ngaih tur a ni, a ti ringawt mai a. Hanson chuan, “Thing hmun, hnim dang nena in ṭo pawlh hi forest a ni,” tiin a hrilhfiah a. FAO chuan, “Thing hmun 1 ha aia zim lo, a thing hlim (crown density) 10% aia tam, huan-lo-ram atana hman loh, thing a puitlina ft 16-a sang awm theihna a ni,” a ti. UNFCCC chuan “Thing hmun 0.5-1ha aia zim lo, a buk bit zawng 10-30%, a san zawng ft. 6-16a sang awm theihna, agriculture atana hman ni lo,” tiin a hrilhfiah a. IUFRO chuan “Thing hlim 10% aia tlem lo, a tualṭo emaw, phun emaw awmna a ni,” tiin a hrilhfiah a. Mizoṭawnga ‘ramhmul’ tih hian a hrilhfiah zawmah mai awm e. Parliament-in non forest-a mau awm apiang, sorkar rama tarlan loh zawng chu lak leh hralh phal a ni, a tih hian, mau chu a hlanga tualṭo emaw, phun chawp emaw, ramngaw awm lohna (non forest)-a mi tawh phawt chu, lak leh hralh a phal a ni, a tihna niin a lang. 

Mizoram Forest Act 1955 leh Mizoram Bamboo Policy 2002-in a tarlan danin, lui kama mau (Riverine Reserve leh Inner Line Reserve Forest) chhunga mau chu, District Council hun lai aṭangin Mahal System-in lak leh hralh a ni a. Hei hian Mizorama lui 20-23 a huam. Mau chu Karimganj district-a Panchgram Hindustan Papeer Corcoration (HPC)-ah Barak lui kaltlangin thawn thlak ṭhin a ni a, The new Industrial Policy of Mizoram 2000 hmangin mau industry tihhmasawn tum a ni. Nimahsela, tun thlengin a la bei tham hle si a ni. Chutih laiin kan rama mau tualṭo hi kan ram hausakna hnar (natural resource) hlawm lian ber pakhat a ni a, kan rama thing leh mau hmun thuma hmun khat (1/3) hi a awh/ luah a ni. 

MNF Ministry hmasa (1998-2008) khan tuna kan Chief Minister hian MIP-BAFACOS hnuaiah mau a buaipui tawh a, Dr. Rao-a hruai INBR a ruai a. A hlawhchham let der chu ni lovin, a hlawhtlinna erawh chhawr tham a awm lem lo. Malaysia mau Dendrocalamus asper (giant bamboo, dragon bamboo) an tih chu a thlang a ni. Tuna a Ministry tharah hian Dendrocalamus brandisii chu Flagship Programme atan a thlang leh ta mauh mai a, eng tak ang maw le. 

Dendrocalamus brandisii hi Velvet Leaf Bamboo, Teddy Bear Bamboo, Sweet Dragon Bamboo tih a ni a. Thailand, Myanmar, Laos te hi a awmna ram (origin) an ni. Vietnam, North China, Bangladesh, West Bengal, Andamans-ah leh NE India-ah chuan Manipur-ah te pawh a awm bawk. D.brandisii hi kum 60-100 danah a par a, a par hnuhnung ber chu 1987-1988 khan Manipur-ah a ni awm e. Dendrocalamus asperte ang bawkin, in sak nan te, thil siam nan te, furniture, basket, lehkha siam nan te leh, a rawtuai hi a ei theih a. Raw dang ang bawkin a hunga ṭo chi a ni. 

Ram lum aṭanga ft 4000-a sangah a awm/ phun theih. Mizorama awm ngai lo leh la phun chhin loh a ni nain, a ram leilung leh boruak enin Mizoramah pawh phai aṭanga Durtlang, Reiek, Chalfilh tlang thleng pawhin chin theih tur niin a lang. Amaherawhchu, ram dang mau (exotic species) a nih avangin a ṭha ang nge, ṭha lovang tih sawi a harsa viau. Vawilehkhata ching burh lovin, hmun 3 (200-500 m; 500-900 m & 900-1400 m)-ah te tih chhin phawt ni se, a va ṭha awm em. 

A chin/ phun theih dan chu a chi, tissue culture, a zung, a mau chang leh a ṭang tan buna phun theih a ni. A tlangpuiin, a kum 2-naah a mau tan bun a phun theih a, a kum 3-naah 60% vel a lak theih a, a kum 4-naah chuan a vai deuhthawin a lak (harvest) theiha ngaih a ni. Thil pawimawh ta chu a nursery te, a phunna hmunhma te, a khur laih te, a inhlat zawng te, hlo thlawh te, a tih thawl (thinning) te, a senghawi dan te, a hlanga phun tur nge? engtia phun tur nge? eng natna nge a thlen theih? engtia siam/ sawngbawl tur nge? eng atana hman tur nge? kawia hralh tur nge? tih te hriat chian a pawimawh ang a. Teak leh oil palm ang maiin hmun ṭha zawng zawng a luah vek mai ang em? kan ram leilung leh mau awm sate eng angin nge a nghawng dawn? tih te ngaihtuah lawk dim diam a ngai ngei ang. 

Hetih lai hian, kan rama mau tualṭo sa, industry leh paper mill atana ṭha fahran kan neihte hi kan mausam dawn em ni ang? Mautak (Melocanna baccifera) te, Rawṭhing (Bambusa tulda) te, Rawnal te, (Dendrocalamus longispathus) te, Ankuang (Bambusa nutans) te bakah, Mizorama ṭha thei tih hriat sa, finfiah tawh Vairua (Dendrocamusvulgaris) te, Rawpui (Dendrocalamus giganteus) te, Phaimau (Bambusa balcooa/ B.bamboos) te hi engati nge kan tih tel ve loh le? Mautak leh Rawthingte hi engkim atan an ṭha hle si a, Vairua sei pui pui hi a ṭha em em bawk a (medicine atan pawh), Rawpui lek phei hi chu a ṭha lehzual a ni. Kan mautak ang te hi North Bihar-ah chuan khaw 1ah an phun ve a ni awm e (Ram & Kumar, 2010).        Rawpui (Dendrocalamus giganteus, Giant bamboo) hi khawvela mau lian ber leh sei ber a ni a; Myanmar, Bhutan, Thailand leh China rama tualṭo a ni a, khawvel hmun hrang hrangah phun darh a ni. 

West Bengal-ah 1913-14-ah phun a ni a, Arunachal Pradesh-ah te, Manipur-ah te, Nagaland-ah te leh Indonesia-ah te an phun a. Mizoramah Pu V.Lalthlamuana, Tlangnuam chuan May 3, 1998 khan a in bul hnaiah a phun a, phun hmasa ber a ni hial mai thei, lian pui pui an ni hlawm. Forest Training School-ah hung 2-1 a awm a, Bamboo & Rattan Research Institute, Bethlehem vengah bawk hung 2, 3 a awm bawk. Hei hian Mizoramah Rawpui hi a 

ṭha duh a ni tih a tifiah a ni. Ram lum leh ram puallawi ft 3600-4000 thlenga sangah a phun theih a, tlangram lei phihrit tui tlin theih lohnaah a ṭha duh hle. 

A mau hi ft 100-a sang, a chang inkar (culm) 45 cm)-a sei, hawlh tlangin 30-35 cm a ni. A hmanna chu in sak nan, RCC banah, chhuatah, tile-ah lei dawh nan, leilawnah, bamboo plywood-ah, paper siam nan, thingtuah atan leh meihawlah, zampherah, furniture-ah, a hnah ranchaw-ahte a hman theih; a rawtuai a ei theih bawk. Kan rama mau tualṭote leh a chin hriat tawhte hi ngaisang ila, i hmang 

ṭangkai deuh deuh ang u.