Written by
Dr. Zonunmawia
Dept. of Political Science, ICFAI University, Mizoram
Mipui aiawh LS inthlan bihchianna
Chhura favang buh thlirin India ram state 29 leh Union territory 7 (a vaiin 36 state ang)-a April ni 11, 2019 aṭanga May ni 19, 2019 inkara inthlan neih result thlirna leh mipuite’n kan hriat tur ṭul, sawrkar siamtu kan aiawh political party te, politic khelmuala an thawhrimna leh result thlirna a ni. Kum 2019, 17th Lok Sabha inthlana India ram pumpui hetiang hian zone 6-ah ṭhenin result kan bihchiang dawn a ni - West, East, North, South, Central leh North East ti a ṭhen hrangin inthlan result tlangpui kan bihchiang dawn a ni.
West: Western belt-ah hian UT 3 leh state 4 an awm. He bial-ah hian mihring 243,486,764 an awm a, chumi awmzia chu he bialah hian India mipui zaa 20.11 an cheng tihna a ni. He bialah hian MP seat 102 a awm a, hetiangin Rajasthan-25, Gujarat-26, Maharastra-46, Goa-2, Lakshadweep-1, Daman and Diu-1 leh Dadra and Nagar Haveli-1 te an ni. He bialah hian a pumpui a khai khawmin BJP an chak hle a, seat awm zawng zawng 102 aṭangin BJP chuan seat 95 an la a. INC chuan seat 6 an la a, NCP-in seat 1 an la a ni.
Rajasthan-ah BJP leh a thawhpui Rashtriya Lok Dal chuan seat awm zawng zawng 25 an la a, vote an hmuh percentage pawh 60.46 lai a ni; 2014 a an vote hmuh percentage 55.61 aiin 4.85 percent-in an hmuh sang. INC chuan 2018 Assembly election-ah MLA 100 an nei a, Congress sawrkar Ashok Gehlot Chief Minister hruaina hnuaiah sawrkar mah se, 2019 election-ah a mualpho hle a, seat an la lo. Chutih rualin an vote share erawh kum 2014 a 30.73 aṭangin 34.27 ah a sang thung. Gujarat-ah MP seat 26 a awm a, BJP in an la vek a, an vote share chu 62.08 a ni - 2014 aiin 2 percent-in a sang. 2018 Assembly election-ah nasa takin he state-ah hian INC chuan hmasawnna hmuin MLA seat 177 awmah MLA seat 78 lai a la. MP election-ah pawh nasa zawka hmasawn tura beisei an nih laiin seat pakhatmah an la lo a, an vote share erawh 32.2 percent lai a ni thung. Maharastra-ah pawh hneh takin BJP-in seat 46 awmah seat 45 an la a, an vote share pawh 2014 a 48.38 aṭangin 50.69 ah a sang. INC-in seat 5 an la a, 2014 a an vote share 35.02 aṭangin 34.45 percent-ah a tla.
Goa-ah erawh chuan 2014-a BJP-in seat awm zawng zawng seat 2 an lak chu INC-in seat 1 a rawn lak sak a, BJP-in seat 1 a la ve bawk. Daman and Diu leh Dadra and Nagar Haveli-ah BJP-in seat 1, MP seat awm chhunte an la ve ve a ni. Lakshadweep-ah seat 1 awm chhun NCP-in an la. India Western belt-ah hian BJP chuan MP seat awm zawng zawng 102 aṭanga chhutin, MP 95 an nei a, chu chu MP zaa 93 chu BJP MP an ni tihna a ni.
East: India Eastern belt-ah hian UT pakhat leh state 4 a awm a. He bialah hian mihring 270,446,550 an cheng a, India ram mipui za zela 22.34 an ni. Hetiang hian MP seat a awm a - West Bengal-42, Odisha-21, Jharkhan-14, Bihar-40 leh Andaman and Nicobar Islands-1. West Bengal-ah hian MP seat 42 a awm a, 2014 MP election-ah khan hneh takin Mamata Banerjee kaihhruai All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) chuan seat 34 lain, BJP-in seat 2, INC-in seat 4, CPI/CPM ten seat 2 an la a. State sawrkarna siamtu Trinamool Congress chuan theih tawpa BJP lo lut tur dan tumin a bei a. 2019 MP election result a lo chhuah meuh chuan BJP chuan seat 18 lai an rawn la a, an vote share pawh 2014 a 17.02 percent aṭangin 40.05 percent-ah a sang nghal bawk.
Chutih mek laiin state a sawrkarna siam mektu TMC chuan seat 23 lain, 2014 a seat 34 aṭangin seat 11 lai an chân. INC pawhin 2014 a seat 4 an neih aṭangin seat khat chauh an nei a, an vote share pawh 2014 a 9.69 percent
aṭangin 5.28 ah a tla hniam. Chhinchhiah tlak tak pakhat chu Left front CPI/CPM ten MP inthlanah seat khat pawh an nei lo hi a ni. Kum engemaw zat he state-a sawrkarna lo siam tawh chu an vui liam ta em ni a tih theih. Odisha seat 21 awmnaah BJD chuan 2014 a seat 20 chuang a neih chu BJP lakah a veng him zo lo a, seat 13 chiah a la. BJP-in 2014 a seat khat chauh an neihna state-ah seat 8 an rawn la a, an vote share pawh 21.88 percent aṭangin 38.09 ah a rawn sang nghal bawk.
INC erawh 2014 ang bawkin he state-ah hian an artelukawn. MP seat 14 awmna Jharkhan-ah BJP an la chak tluang zel a, 2014 a MP seat 12 an neih chu, 2019 ah an la vawng him a, seat 12 bawk an la leh a, an vote share erawh 44.47 aṭangin 54.88 ah a sang thung.
INC pawhin he state-ah hian hmasawnna hmel an hmu lo a, 2014-a an seat ngai seat 2 bawk 2019 ah an la leh. Laloo Prasad Yadav avanga state lar em em Bihar-ah pawh BJP leh a thawhpuite (JDU + LJP) an che ṭha hle a. Kum 2014 a an seat lak zat 30 aṭanga hmasawnin 2019-ah chuan seat 39 an la thei a. INC leh a thawhpuite erawhin BJP chakna an tuar thung a, 2014-a seat 9 aṭangin 2019-ah chuan seat 1 chauh an la thei thung. Andaman and Nicobar Islands-ah INC-in seat 1 la in hnehna an chang. India ram eastern belt a seat awm zawng zawng 118 aṭang BJP-in seat 77 an lak avang hian he eastern belt-a MP seat za zela 65 chu BJP an ni tihna a ni a, an dawtah hian AITC awmin, za zela 19 MP nei ang an ni.
North: North India belt, MP seat 125 awmnaah hian state 6 leh UT 2 a awm a. He bialah hian mihring 300,243,329 an awm a, India ram mipui za zela 24.80 chuang an awm a ni. Uttar Pradesh-80, Punjab-4, Himachal Pradesh-4, Haryana-10, Jammu and Kashmir-5, Uttarakhand -5 leh Union territory pahnih, Delhi-7, Chandigarh-1 te an awm. North India region-a chak hian India ram pumpui a political party-te chakna leh chaklohna kawngro a su thui hle. Uttar Pradesh-ah hian BJP chuan 2014-a a seat neih 73 chu 2019 ah 62 ah a tla hniam a. INC leh a thawhpuiin seat khat chauh an la thung.
Rai Bareilly-ah Sonia Gandhi, UPA Chairman a chak hram a. A bakah chuan ṭangrual pawl - SP+BSP+RLD ten seat 17 lai an la. He state a sawrkarna siam mektu BJP an nih avangin he state-ah hian BJP la chak hle tura ngaih an ni bawk. BJP leh a thawhpui vote share hi 50.1 percent a ni a, ṭangrual pawlte te vote share chu 38.93 percent a ni. INC leh a thawhpui vote share erawh 6.93 percent chauh a ni. Punjab-ah INC an chak ber a, 2014 a MP seat 3 an neih aṭanga hmasawnin 2019 ah seat 8 an la a. BJP leh a thawhpuite’n 2014-a seat 6 an neih aṭangin seat 4 an la a, 2014 a MP 4 an neih chu 2019-ah chuan MP 1 chauh an nei ta thung a ni.
Himachal Pradesh-ah BJP chuan 2014-a an chakna an la vawng nung reng a, seat awm zawng zawng seat 4 an la fai leh vek a, an vote share pawh 2014 a 53.85 aṭangin 68.93 ah a rawn chho. Haryana-ah chuan 2014-a MP 7 an neih aṭanga hmasawnin 2019 ah MP 10 an nei ta a, INC leh Indian National Lok Dal (INLD) 2014 a MP 1 ve ve nei te a chhuh sak bawk. BJP vote share a sang chho ta hle bawk a, 2014-a 34.84 aṭangin 58 percent-ah a chho ta dawrh a ni. BJP Manifesto-ah Article 370 leh 35A special status a neihna tihbo tum BJP sawrkar chu mipui-ah chak lo viau tura ngaih a nih laiin, BJP chuan MP seat 2 a la a. Party mal khaia vote share nei sang ber niin 46.06 percent vote share a nei phak hial a ni.
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference (JKNC) in 2014-a MP an neih miah loh hnuin 2019-ah chuan MP 3 an rawn nei thei a. INC erawh seat lak an nei lo a, Jammu and Kashmir Peoples’ Democratic Party (JKDP) erawh 2014-a MP 3 kha seat engmah an la ta lo a ni. MP seat 5 awmna Uttarakhand-ah BJP an chak chhunzawm zel a. Kum 2014-a MP seat 5 an lak vek chu la vawng him zelin 2019-ah pawh seat awm zawng zawng BJP chuan an la leh vek bawk. INC-in hmasawnna hmel an la hmu thei lo a, an vote share pawh pun lam aiin tlakhniam lam a la pan rih a, 2014 a 34.4 aṭangin 31.72 ah a tla thla.
India capital, Union Territory ni bawk, AAP party chak leh vung taka rawn zik chhuahna hmun Delhi-ah BJP chuan 2014 ang bawkin hneh takin chakna a la chang a. Seat awm zawng zawng 7 chu BJP-in an la vek a, an vote share pawh 2014-a 46.63 aṭangin 56.41 ah a rawn chho dawrh a. BJP elpui ber INC leh AAP te erawh seat pakhat pawh an nei lo. Sawrkar hotu lu ṭhut hmunah hian BJP chuan chakna a chang chiang hle. UT tho Chandigarh-ah pawh 2014 ang bawkin BJP chuan MP seat 1 awm chhun chu hneh takin a la leh a ni. He North India biala MP seat awm zawng zawng 125 aṭangin BJP chuan seat 95 a la a. INC-in seat 9 leh ṭangrual pawl SP+BSP+AAP adt seat 17 an la a, BJP-in he biala MP za zelah 76 percent an nei a, an tam fal hle.
South: India chhim bial (south belt)-ah hian MP seat 117 a awm a. Andra Pradesh-25, Tamilnadu-38, Telegana-15, Karnataka-28, Kerala-20 leh UT Puducherry-1 te an ni. He bialah hian mihring 252,578,848 an cheng a, India ram mipui za zela 20.86 an cheng tihna a ni. Andra Pradesh hi MP 42 nei ṭhinin MP ngah ber state an ni ṭhin a. 2014-a Telangana an indan hnuah Telangana-in MP 17 neiin Andra Pradesh hian MP 25 an nei ta a ni. He state hi Congress ṭhatna leh an sawrkarna ṭhin state a ni. He state politic khelmuala final khel ṭhinte chu TDP leh YSR Congress an ni. Kum 9 chauha upa YSR Congress hian 2014-a MP seat 8 chauha bul ṭanin 2019-ah chuan MP seat 24 an rawn la thei a, an vote share pawh a sang fal hle.
Telegu Desam Party (TDP), Pu N Chandrababu Naidu hnuaia sawrkarna siam mektu chu an tla chhe hle a, 2014-a MP 15 nei khan, 2019-ah chuan seat khat chauh a la thei. BJP pawhin he state-ah hian hmasawnna hmel an hmu thei bik lo a, 2014 a MP seat 2 an neih chu an vawnghim zo bik lo. Tamilnadu-ah erawh chuan INC leh a thawhpui- DMK + CPI + CPI (M) + IUML te’n seat 37 an la a. 2014 a BJP leh a thawhpui- AIDMK + PMK + DMDK te’n seat 39 an lak vek chu seat 1 chauh 2019 ah chuan an la thei thung. Tamilnadu hi regional party te ṭhatna hmun a ni a, centre politics a sawrkarna siamtu pawla tel ve nih tum em em ṭhin an ni.
Telangana-ah TRS-in MP seat 8 lain an sang ber a, BJP leh INC-in seat 4 ve ve lain an dawt. He state-ah hian regional party te, National party lianten an hneh ngai meuh lo bawk. 2019-a an vote share aṭanga chiang taka lang chu TRS vote share chu 41.37 percent a nih laiin, TRS hnaih bertu INC chuan 29.72 percent vote share a nei pha ve ṭawk a ni. Karnataka-ah erawh BJP leh a thawhpuite an che ṭha hle a, seat awm zawng zawng 28 aṭangin seat 26 an la. INC leh a thawpuite’n 2014-a seat 11 an neih chu vawng him zo loin, 2019-ah chuan seat 2 chauh an la thei a ni. Kerala-ah chuan ṭangrual INC kaihhruaina hnuaiah United Democratic Front (UDF) a awm a, member-te chu- IUML + KCM + RSP-te’n seat awm zawng zawng 20 aṭangin seat 19 an la a, LDF-in seat 1 an la ve. BJP erawh he state-ah hian seat pakhatmah a la lo.
He chhim biala Union Territory awm chhun, Puducherry-ah hian INC chuan seat 1 awm chu an la bawk. India chhim bialah hian Karnataka hneh taka seat 28-a seat 26 BJP leh a thurualpuite’n an lakna hmun tih loh hi chu BJP tan han inchhuan viauna tur a awm lo. Regional Party leh Congres thurualpui hote chakna hmun a ni a. 2020 hnu lam aṭang chuan he lai bial hi BJP hian West Bengal vela beihpui a thlak chiam ang khan beihpui a thlak chiam lo ang tih a sawi theih loh.
Central: He bialah hian mihring 98,137,761 an cheng a, chu chu India ram mipui za zela 8.10 a ni. India ram laili (central belt) hi bial ngaihnawm, BJP-in term 3 a zawna State Assembly-a sawrkarna an siamna hmun a ni. Chutih rualin 2018 Assembly election-ah erawh chuan Congress-in sawrkarna an paih thlakna hmun a ni ve ve thung a. He bialah hian Congress leh a thurualpuite la che ṭha viau tura ngaih an nih laiin, Assemnbly election result puan aṭanga ni 100 vel a liam hnu-ah MP election neih leh nghal a ni a. MP seat 29 awmna Madhya Pradesh-ah chuan BJP chuan seat 28 lain an khingpui INC chuan seat 1 chauh a la thung a. 2014-a seat 27 an lak aia tam, a hmasawn zawngin MP election-ah chuan an che a ni. Chhattisgarh seat 11 awmnaah BJP chuan 2014 a seat 10 an lak aṭangin seat 1 hlohin, 2019-ah seat 9 an la. INC-in seat 2 an la ve bawk. 2018 December thla maia Congress sawrkar siamna state pahniha heti tak maia BJP an rawn chak hi party worker-te leh hotute thawhrimna rah niin an sawi. He bial chhunga MP seat awm 40 aṭanga 37 chu BJP-in an hui a, chu chu za zela 92.5 a ni. A hnaih bertu INC-in MP 3 an nei a, chu chu za zela 7.5 a ni.
North East: He bial-ah hian mihring 45,587,982 kan cheng a, India ram mipui za zela 3.76 vel kan ni. State pariat awmna NE State-ah BJP chuan anmahni thlawptu party-ten MP 14 a nei a. Mizoram MNF-te NEIDA a an tel avangin MP 15 an nei pawh a tih theih awm e. Congress chakna hmunpui ni ṭhin Assam pawh BJP-in an lak sak chho mek a. Himata Biswa Sharma, Congress hun laia mi pawimawh tak mai, dynasty politics duh loh vanga BJP headquarters New Delhi a ropui taka inpe, a hnua Assam state election a BJP chakpuitu leh Assam CM Sonawal te ṭangkawp chuan hneh takin Assam-ah BJP tan an thawk a. Hei hian NE state-ah BJP a ti phur a, Tripura Communist kulhpui an su chim bawk a. Arunachal-ah Hindi language barrier nei miah lo, Kiren Rijiju Union Minister of State for Home an nei bawk.
NE state Congress kulhpui pakhat Manipur an chhu chim tawh bawk a, BJP leh a thawhpuite’n state-ah sawrkarna an siam bawk. Hemi nghawng kal zelah hian 2019 MP election-ah pawh Assam chuan MP seat 14 an neih aṭangin BJP chuan MP seat 9 an la thei a. Tripura-ah BJP MP seat 2, Arunachal Pradesh-ah BJP MP seat 2, Manipur-ah BJP MP seat 1 an la a. NE state-a MP seat awm zawng zawng 25 aṭangin BJP leh a thlawpte chuan seat 15 an la a, chu chu seat awm zawng zawng za zela 60 a ni.
NE states-ah Citizenship Amenment Bill leh Uniform Civil Code (UCC) vel kan hlauh leh buaipui ang aiin, kan duh loh ber tih tumtu BJP leh a thurualpuite erawh an che ṭha viau lawi a. Chutiangin Jammu and Kashmir-ah pawh Article 370 leh 35A tihbo a tum a, J&K special status tih bo tumtu party seat awm zawng zawng seat 5 aṭanga MP seat 2 an la thei kha a mak hle bawk.
Political philosopher ropui, Plato chuan ram rorelna hna thawk tura a duan, Philosopher King chu chhungkua leh nupui neih a phal lo a, a chhan pawh ram hruaitu tan sual khawih tura thlemna lo chhuahna chu chhungkua leh kawppui (nupui) hi an ni a ti. Hei hi a dikna chen a awm viau mai. India ramah hruaitu ṭha nia kan hriat AB Vajpayee, APJ Abdul Kalam te pawh nupui nei lo an ni. Narendra Modi pawh family nei lo, nupui chu nei bawk mah se cheng dun lo an ni a, ram tan kan ṭhat pui ni berin a lang. 2019-2024 chhung atan India ram chu BJP kaihhruai sawrkarin min hruai dawn a, kan ram, kan hnam himna hi Hindu nationalism kengtute hnuaiah a him theih nan, Civil Society, Kohhran, political party leh mipui zawng zawngin mawhphurhna kan nei a. Sawrkar hmalakna tur hrang hrang fimkhur taka kan hmachhawn a ṭul awm e.
Dr. Zonunmawia, Dept. of Political Science, ICFAI University, Mizoram