Oil leh Gas Mizoramah i laichhuak ang aw

Innitial Stage of Oil/ Gas Exploration Oil leh gas kan hria, a hman dan pawh kan hria, an laichhuak ṭhin tih pawh kan hre leh. Chutah engtin chiah nge an laihchhuah tih erawh kan hre hlawm lo. Oil/ gas laichhuak tura tih hmasak ngaite tlem azawng kan thai lang ang e.

Mizoram leilung hi Geological Time Scale-ah chuan Cretaceous Period kan tih, Miocene Age kum 40-65 million years vel hunlai daih aṭanga rawn insiam leh tuipui hnuai aṭanga rawn irh chhuak nia chhut a ni. Tuipui hnuai aṭanga rawn chhuak a nih vang chuan tuipuia cheng chi rannung thi ṭawih te, coral etc kan tih ang chi gas leh oil siamtu tam tak kan leihnuai-ah hian a awm a in deposit rin a ni a, Mizoram hi sedimentary kan tih ang chi gas leh oil awm duhna ber leilung leh gas leh oil insiam hunpui kum upat dan te nen pawha inang tlang 45million years vela upa a lo ni ve chiah bawk.

Oil leh gas te hi Organic Origin niin Carboniferous Age kum maktaduai 400-250 vel daih aṭanga insiam ni a chhut ni mahse Mizoram pian hun bawr kum maktaduai 40-65 vel kha a insiam hunpui bera ngaih a ni.

A hmasa berah chuan ram leilung zirchianna emaw ram hmelhmang thlalak satellite imaginary/ aerial photograph aṭangin kan zawn duhna lai thla kha la in an han zirchiang a. A mual in khawh dan te, ram leilung inrem dan te kan hriat vek hnu-ah seismic survey kan han nei ta a. Seismic survey-ah pawh chi hrang hrang hman tur a awm, chutah a ram leilung chhah zawngte pawh kan hre leh ta.

Chutah le, leilung chhah ṭha lai deuh ber, maximum thickness nei kha an thlang leh a. Chutah pawh chuan Petroleum System kha ram leilung khan, heng (source rock, reservior rock, cap rock, entrapment etc) oil leh gas awm theihna, a pem kual tur lo dan theihna, kalkual vel theihna a nei ṭha tawk em tih kan an zir chiang leh a. Chutah chung zawng zawng chu ṭha tawk a nih chuan kha lai hmun kha prospect (drillable) area, tiin verh drill bul ṭan a ni ta ṭhin a ni.

Kha hmun kan verhna hmunah khan gas emaw oil emaw kha a awm ngei ngei ang tihna a la ni chuang lova, awm theihnaa kan rin kha verh chhin a ngai ta ṭhin a ni. Tuna Mizorama kan hmuh ang chi hi chu azawn china exploratory drilling niin oil/ gas laih chhuahna production drilling a la ni lova a la lakchhuah theih rih loh.

Satellite thlalakna te, aerial photo graph hmangten kan ram Mizoram hi oil chungah a lang (float) an tih ṭhin hi a dik lova. Heng imaginary satellite te hian oil leh gas insiam duhna lai awm deuhte chu hmu fuhin hriat theih mahse oil leh gas awmna tak hriat nan a ṭangkai lova. Kha a awm duhna hmun aṭang khan oil leh gas kan tihte hi pressure nasa takin a chhilh reng leh pem kualna tur zawng high pressure to low presssure lam kal reng a nih avangin an lo pem kual thui thei viau bawk. Oil leh gas awmna tak hre tur chuan drill phawt a ngaih bakah logging kan tih mai, Mizo-in kan hriat dan tur chuan lei chhung kha X-ray phawt a ngai ta ṭhin a. Chumi hma chu tu pa sawi lawk theih mah a ni lo.

Oil leh gas zawn kawngah chuan Directorate of Hydrocarbons lamin mumal taka thuneihna neiin dan mumal tak siam a ni a. Tax leh royalty chungchangah pawh zawm ngei ngei tur siam a ni. Felfai taka block zawnna tur leh verhna tur hmun area chin pawh siam a ni ṭhin. Keini state angah pawh chumi dan zulzui chuan verh/ zawn hna thawh a ni a, kum 7 chhung atan ram hawh phawtin bidding an tih dan zirin khur verh tur zat chu a danglam ṭhin.

State sawrkarah royalty khawmualah 12% leh tuipui-ah 10% te pek an ni ṭhin a. Tuipui thuk leh zualah chuan 8% te a ni bawk. Tun Mizoram dinhmunah chuan Oil India ho la hlawhchhamin ONGC ho erawh Meidum lamah gas deposit an hmuh thu kan hria. Gas chu kan nei tawh ngei a, oil erawh kan la hmu lo niin a lang a, tun kan dinhmunah chuan kan la verh tlem hle a, khur 500 te han verh phawt se kan rama oil leh gas dinhmun chu a hriat theihin a rinawm.

Petroleum kan tih hi Hydrogen leh Carbon hlawmin a siam a nih deuh ber avangin Hydrocarbon an ti mai a. Laih chhuah hnuah crude oil an ti leh a, fraction chi hrang hrang kha gas, oil, crude an ni ta a ni. Saturated Hydrocarbon hi Alkene series niin C-Carbon tam chho zelin C-1 (Methane), C-2 (Butane) ti chho zelin C-5 to C-13 vel hi Petrol (Gasoline) an ti bik a, C-12 aṭanga C-16 thleng hi Kerosine niin C-16 to C-21 hi Diesel, C-21 chunglam hi chu sakhat deuh semi - Solid Alkatra leh Grease an tih ho hi a ni thung.

Oil kan neih chuan awlsam takin gas kan siam thei a, chuvang a nia kan eirawngbawlna gas pawh hi Liqufied Petroleum Gas (LPG) an tih ni. Gas pawh hi rawng bawl nan chauh ni lo, energy lamah pawh electric siam nan leh motor-ah pawh petrol kan hman ang hian a hman theih a. Tun hnaiah Mizoram sawrkar pawhin kan natural resources te ngai pawimawhin hma lak a tum nasa hle a ni. India Company chauh lo pawh Foreign Company thleng pawha kan dawr a pawimawh a, kawng hmanga hmalak dan kan hriat a ṭul a ni. Kan state sawrkar pawhin company dangte nen inzawm/ thawk hovin kan ram chhungah chuan oil zawn hna kan thawk ve thei tih hriat a ṭha hle.

Oil leh gas te hi kan lo ngah viau tak tak a nih chuan sawrkar pawhin chak takin hma la se. Keini ang ram te leh population tlemah chuan kan hausak pui khawpin a rinawm. Chu lo liama ‘Suit Zealand of the East’ chu awm chuang hian ka ring lo!

Lalchhuanzela, Petroleum Geologist, Email-zelaralte77@gmail.com