UNO Sustainable Development Goals 2030 bihchianna

Indopui pahnihna zawh hlim hlawl kum 1945 October ni 24 a din, khawvel sorkar hrang hrang inzawmkhawm leh thiltithei ber a chhal, member ram 193 lai awmna United Nation Organisation (UNO) chuan kum 2030 a “Hmasawnna Tluantling” khawvelin kan neih theihna tur Goals 17 leh Target 169 lai an duang chhuak ta rup mai le. He Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2030 hi UN member ramte chuan kum 2015 General Assembly ah khan lungrual takin an pawm a. Kum 2016 aṭang khan khawvel ram hrang hrangte chu heng Goal 17 te tihlawhtling ngei tur hian hma an la ṭan ta a ni.

Enge Sustainable Development chu?

Development tih chu Mizo ṭawng ang maia kan uar a ni tawh. Kum 1987 a Bruntland Commission Report “Our Common Future” tihchhuah a nih hnu khan khawvel hian Sustainable Development hi a ngai pawimawh chho ṭan a. A chhan ber pawh hmasawnna kan tih tam tak hi a tluangtling loin a daihrei lo fo a, a chang phei chuan a huap zo loin mirethei zawkte a thleng phak lo fo. Kan thing leh mau lo chereu zel te, boruak bawlhlhawh leh leiṭha lungral mek te, tuithianghlim in tur tlem tial tial leh nungcha ṭhenkhat mang mekte hi a bul ber chu development a ni kan ti thei ang. Mahse, chhungkua, khawtlang leh ram zawng zawngin kan tum ber chu development a ni a, engtin nge hmasawnna tluantling leh daih rei, huap zo leh environment tichhe si lo hmasawnna (sustainable development) kan neih ang tih chu SDG 17 hmang hian zirchiang dawn teh ang.

1. Retheihna tihbo (no poverty): Khawvel puma retheih lutukna (extreme poverty) hi kum 2030 ah chuan tihbo tum a ni. Hei hian nitin US dollar 1.25 (Rs. 90 Approx) hmang pha lo te a target a. UNICEF chuan nitin naupang 22,000 zet chu retheih lutukna avangin an boral ṭhin niin a chhut! Khawvel mihring zatve dawn lai (3 billion) hi rethei lutuka chhut an ni. World bank pawhin India mi 12.4% zet chu BPL niin a tarlang bawk. Mizorama chhungkua 19.63% chu BPL an ni a, Champhai district chu BPL tlem berna (9.35%) a ni a, Lawngtlai District chu BPL tam berna (37%) a ni thung. BPL awm lohna khaw 5 (Pamchung, Rabung, Tlangmawi, Chawngtlai & Riangtlei) an awm bawk. Mizoram leh Central lama sorkar tawh leh sorkar mekte tum ber pawh retheihna tihtlem a ni.

2. Rilṭamna umbo (zero hunger): World Economic Forum tarlan dan chuan khawvel mihring 9 ah mi 1 zel chu hriselna atana chaw ṭha nei zo lo (undernourished) an ni a, naupang 4 a 1 zelte pawh eitur ṭha an hmuh loh avangin an ṭhanlenna kawngah harsatna an tawk. Kum 2018 Global Hunger Index-ah India chu ram 119 zingah 103 na a ni. Hei hian kan ram dinhmun a tarlangin sorkar pawhin kawng hrang hrang heng - Mid Day Meal, ICDS, Food Security Act 2013, leh Poshan Abhyian etc te hmang hian kan ram chu rilṭam awm lohnaah siam tumin hma a la mek a ni.

3. Rilru leh taksa hrisel (good health & well being): kum 2030 ah chuan tlanghrileng te, AIDS, Hepatitis, TB, Malaria leh natna inkaichhawn theih chite tibo vek tura ruahman a ni. He goal tihlawhtling tura hmalakna pawimawh tak mi zawng zawng ban phaka hriselna pek pawh sorkarin a ngai pawimawh hle. He goal hian nu leh naute thihna tihtlem chu a dah pawimawh hle. Hriselnaa Mizoram dinhmun pawh hi a la hniam hle. Doctor leh damdawiin awm ve lohna khaw tam tak ten damloh changa khawdang an panna a sum an sen te hi engzat tak ni ang maw?

4. Zirna ṭha (quality education): Zirna hi nun kawng dik leh hmasawnna a min hruaitu pawimawh ber a nih avangin ram tinin an ngai pawimawh. India chuan kum 2018-19 khan GDP aṭanga 3.1% vel hi zirna atan a hmang. Mitinin zirna kan neih vek theihna tur (inclusive education) hi sorkar hmalakna pawimawh ber leh tih ngei ngei tur a ni. Heng SSA, RMSA, RUSA etc te hmang hian zirna ṭha zawk kan neihna turin hma lak mek a ni. Zirnaa Mizoram (Class I-12) a kan dinhmun hi ennawn a ṭul hle. Privatization hian hmasawnna min thlen tehmeuh e, mahse sorkarin a tihtur a tih loh chuan thil pawi tak a thleng thei bawk. Sumdawn­naah chuan a tam thei ang ber hlep (profit maximization) hi sumdawngtu rilru a ni miau si a!

5. Mipa leh hmeichhe intluktlanna (gender equality): He goal-in a tum ber chu hnathawhna leh khawtlang nuna mipa leh hmeichhiaten dinhmun inang kan chan ṭheuh hi a ni. Hmeichhe chunga hleilenna tihbo te, mipat hmeichhiatna a tihnawmnah te, trafficking bakah naupan laia pasal neihluihtir tihbo te a tum a ni. India hi Gender Development Index-ah pawh kan la hniam hle. Mizote erawh tunhma ngaituah chuan gender equality-ah hi chuan India rama hmasawn nasa ber kan ni hial ang.

6. Tui thianghlim leh hriselna (clean water & sanitation): Nitin naupang 1000 dawn te chu tui thianghlim lo leh a kaihhnawih vangin an thi ṭhin niin an chhut a, khawvel mi 2.4 billion zette pawhin thianghlimna atana

ṭul zual (basic sanitation) an hmu phak lo niin an tarlang. Thingtlang chu sawi loh, Aizawlah takngial pawh tui thianghlim hnianghnar takin kan la dawng pha lo a ni! UN chuan kum 2030 ah chuan mitinina tui thianghlim kan mamawh tawk kan neih ṭheuh theihna turin he goal hi a siamin ram tinin hma an la mek a ni.

7. Mitin thleng phak kawlhphetha pek (affordable & clean energy): Kum 2030 ah chuan, boruak tichhe ve lo ni, thli leh tui chakna hmanga mitin thleng phak kawlphetha pek hi SDG tum a ni. Hei hian lei chhungril aṭanga kan hai chhuah chakna a kan inghahna a titlem bawk ang. Electric hi ram hmasawn tura kan mamawh ber a nih avangin sorkar pawhin a ngaih pawimawh hle tur a ni. Mizoramah pawh Electric 4500 Mw vel lai siam chhuah theih nia chhut a ni nain kan siam chhuah hi chu a la beitham hle.

8. Eizawnna him leh hmasawnna (decent work & economic growth): CMIE report-in a tarlan dan chuan kum 2018 khan India ramah mi maktaduai 31 vel zet chu hnathawh tur nei lo (unemployed) an ni. Mizoram kan dinhmun pawh zirchianna awm lo mahse unemployment level hi a sang tawh hle a, chuvangin employment/ skill develop­ment policy rintlak kan mamawh. UNO chuan kum 2030 ah chuan hna inthawh luihtir te, sal leh chhawr tura mi rukbo te tihtawp a, ram hmasawn nana mitinin kan phutawk hna kan thawh vek theihna tura hmalak a tum bawk.

9. Thilsiamna, thil hmuhchhuah thar leh hmasawnna ruhrel changtlung (Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure): Kum 1760 vel a industry lama hmasawnna (Industrial Revolution) aṭanga vawiin thleng hian industry hmasawnna pawimawhzia kan hmu. Mizoramah hian thil siamchhuah leh tharchhuah liantham sawi tur a vang hle. UNO chuan industry hmasawnna huap zo leh daih rei kum 2030 a ram tinin an neih theihna turin hma a la mek a ni.

10. Intluktlanlohna tihtlem (reduced inequalities): Khawvela pumpui sum thawhchhuah 40% vel lai hi mi hausa 10% te thawhchhuah a ni a, chutihlaiin, sum thawhchhuah aṭanga 2-7% vel chauh hi mirethei 10% te thawhchhuah a ni thung. Oxfam-in India ram a zirchiannaah chuan mihausa 1% te hian ram hausakna 73% zet hi an hauh pak niin a tarlang. Kum 2006-2015 chhung khan mi pangngai te sum lakluh punna chu 2% a nih laiin mihausate (billionaire) te sum lakluh chu 6% (a let thum) zetin a pung chak thung. Mizoram pawh hi hausa leh rethei inkar a zau ta khawp mai. Ruahmanna hrang hrang hmanga khawvela intluktlanlohna tihtlem hi SGD thupui ber a ni.

11. Chenna tlak khawpui din (sustainable cities): Khawvel mihring zatve (50%) zet te hi khawpuia cheng mek an ni a, kum 2050 ah chuan khawvel mihring 70% lai chu khawpuia cheng tura chhut an ni. Mizoram hi India ramah mihring tam lam aṭanga chhuta khawpuia cheng tam ber (most urbanized 51%) kan ni mek. Hmasawnna rualkhai lo avangin thingtlang aṭangin khawpuiah zirna, hriselna leh eizawnna adt. ṭha zawk hmuh beiseiin kan pem lut ruih ruih a, kan khawpuite hi awmze nei taka kan enkawl loh avangin harsatna kan tawk mek a ni. Aizawl khawpui ngei pawh ruahmanna awm mumal si loin an ṭhang tak tak chu Maruti tak ngial pawh a inpel hlei thei lo chu a nih hi! He harsatna hi hriain UNO chuan khawvel ram tin te chu kum 2030 ah chuan chenna tlak khawpui din ṭheuh turin goal a siam ta a ni ber.

12. Awmze neia tharchhuah leh hmanral (responsible consumption and production): Kan leilung hausakna awmze nei leh ṭangkai thei ang bera hman hi he goal tum ber chu a ni. Kum 2030 ah chuan mi pakhat zela chaw kan paihral (global food waste) hi a chanve ah tihhniam tum a ni. Tin, kan buh leh bal tharchhuah kan senghawina lama kan hloh tam lutuk pawh nasa taka tihhniam tum a ni.

13. Sik leh sa lama hmalak (climate action): Sik leh sa inthlak danglam nasa lutuk hi ram tin nghawng khawvelin a buaipui mek chu a ni. Ruah sur dan mumal ta lo te, khawkheng te, tuilian te, lui leh khawmual nungcha ṭhenkhat lo cherem zel te, khawlum leh vawt lutuk bakah tuifinriat chim chin lo sang zelin nghawng ṭha lo a neih (global warming) lo awm chhan ber chu mihringten a chhe lama a nghawng tur ngaihtuah si loa hmasawn kan tum luat vang a ni. He harsatna sukiang tur hian Paris Agreement (COP21) chu kum 2018 khan khawvel ram 175 laiin an pawm tlang tawh.

14. Tuifinriat venhim leh hman ṭangkai (life below water): Kan chenna khawvel hmun lia ṭhena hmun thum lai hi tuifinriat khuh niin, hei hian kan tui mamawh 97% lai min pe. Tuipui leh tuifinriat aṭang hian khawvel sum lakluh (Global GDP) 5% lai kum tin kan hmu anga chhut a ni. Hei hian khawvel economy leh ecosystem atana an pawimawhna a tilang chiang che. SDG 14 na hian international laws hmanga tuifinriata nungcha te leh lui tihbawlhhlawh zel chu nasa taka tihtlem a tum.

15. Nungcha leh ramngaw humhima tuaithar (life on land): Kan chenna lei 30.7% zet hi ramngaw a ni a, hei hian mihringte mamawh boruak min pein, nungchate chenna bakah sik leh sa inthlak danglam nasa tur a veng. Chutihlaiin, khawvelin kum tin ram acres maktaduai 75 vel chu kawng hrang hranga hmasawnna hmingchhalin tih chereu ṭhin a ni! Mizorama kum tin thing leh mau kan vah thluk leh hal (loh theih lohna avanga?) te hi engzata tam tak ni ve ang maw?

16. Dikna, remna leh muanna atana thawhhona (peace, justice & institution): Remna leh muanna awm lohna hmunah chuan hmasawnna tluantling a awm thei ngai lo ang. UNO chuan hei hi hriain kum 2030 ah chuan heng tharum thawhna, naupang khuaikhem, hnathawka mi chhawr luih, nawhchizawrh luih tir atan mihringa sumdawn (sex trafficking) leh a dangte tihtlem a tum.

17. Goals tihhlawhtlin nana thawhho (partnership for the goals): A chunga goal pawimawh tak tak 16 laite tihhlawhtling tur chuan khawvel ram hrang hrangte thawhho hi a pawimawh hle dawn a ni. Ram tinin he goal inṭawm hi an ngaih pawimawh a, a hlawhtlin ngei nana mahni ram ṭheuha an lo bawhzui a pawimawh ang.

A tawp berah chuan Mizoram pawh India hnuaia state pakhat nimah ila, kan ram tana hmasawnna tur kan ruahmanna (economic planning) reng rengah heng SDG kan tarlan takte hre reng chung hian ruahmanna siam ila. Kan ram pawh hian hmasawnna ngelnghet leh daih rei, mitin huap zo leh ṭhangtharte tana ram chhenfakawm kan neih theih ngei a rinawm.

Dr. Daniel Lalawmpuia, ICFAI University Mizoram