TUIHNA I TIPUNG ANG U LE...

Mizoram khawpui hlun leh lian pahnih, Aizawl leh Lunglei tui lak, Tlawnglui tui kam zel chuan mipui minti mangang hle mai a. Ruahtui lo tla sek erawhin min muan sual ang tih a hlauhawm.

Khawvel pumpui hmun li a thena hmun thum(3/4) lai hi tui a ni a,a hmun khat erawh khawmual a ni a.Chuti chung chuan,tui ah kan harsa em em mai hi a tlawmngaih thlak na lai pawh a awm.Hetia a sawia kan duh tawka kan thlir liam mai mai chuan, kan chan hian maian chan pawh a la tluk hauh lo ang tih hlauhawm tak a ni.

MIRSAC in lei hnuai tui awm dan dinhmun an chhinchhiah dan chuan, Mizoram Ground Water Potential Zones hi hetiang hian an ṭhen a. Very good 8.96%(1889.99 Sq km), Good 20.32%(4284.41 Sq km), Moderate 30.38%(6404.47 Sq km) leh Poor 40.35% (8503.13 Sq km) a ni a.

Very good leh Good hmun hi Mizote kan awm peih loh na hmun a ni a. Moderate hmun ah hian kan awm zeuh zeuh anga, poor hmunah hian mihring tam zawk kan chen hmel. Helai, poor hmun hi," Kan zotlang ram nuam hi chhawrpial run i iang e" ti a, kan khek tuar tuarna hmun hi a ni mahna le.

Chulai, tlangsang laiah chuan kan cheng tlat mai si a. Ground Water Potential Zones ah Poor a ni nghal mauh mai bawk si nen; Kan in nghahna chu luipui tui a ni ta a. Chu luipui tui kan rinrawl ber chu tunah hian a hnâ a tlem tial tial tiin, kan ralvêngtu PHE te an rawn au chhuak ta a ni.

Kan tui rinpui a tlem tak chhan
Sik leh sa in thlak danglam (Climate Change) vang te, hma­sawnna hnathawhna avanga kan leilung kan tih chet leh khawih danglam avangte, ramngaw kan tih chereu vangte, a ni a.

A chhan chu, Natural Resources, Leilung (Soil), Tui (Water), Thing leh mau, thlai (Vegetation) hi in chawma in siam puitling tawn vek an ni a. Kan duh a maka ramngaw kan vah ngawt hian Leilungin a tuar a,tuihna in a tuar bawk a ni. Chutiangin, kan duh duhin lei kan laia, lung kan la a. Chutianga kut thlakna ah chuan thing leh mau a ṭo in a awm leh nghal ngawt thei tawh ṭhin lo; Natural afforestation in siam tur hian thlai leh thingte hi zawi zawiin an inthlak ṭhin a chu chu 'Plant succession' an ti a. Plant succession ah chuan, thing nêm a rawn țo hmasa a, a aia khauh deuhin a rawn thlak chho leh a, chutiangin a vawrtawp (Climax) ah chuan a ram leilung a zirin ngiau, herhse, etc te a rawn ṭo in, a rawn in siam puitling ta a ni. Hun a duh rei khawp mai.

Tin, ramngaw puitling thleng leh tur phei chuan, mihringin kan lo dai dar nen, plant succession ang hian a rawn in siam hlei thei dawn lo va awmzia a awm tawh lo, chu chuan tuihna bawk kha a nghawng a ni.

Tuihna tipung a a awmsa hum­halh tur hian thingphun hi a tha. Mahse, han puitling a tuihna tih pun nana han chhawr naawm meuh tur chuan hun a duh rei viau mai dawn a, tunah kan tuihna kumtin in a kiam zel a ni bawk si. Chuvang chuan, kan Natural Resources, Soil, Water & Vegetation humhalh tura ruahmanna rintlak leh daih rei tur, ngelnghet siam kan mamawh tak zet zet a ni.

Natural Resources humhalh chunga kan leilung hi sawngbawl a nih loh chuan a lo chhe thei khawp mai a. Cherrapunjee (Meghalaya) te khu ruahtui dawng ṭha ram an ni. Amaherawhchu, an Soil (Leilung) humhalhna chang an hriat har avangin, an leilung a pan em em mai a. Extreme shallow-10 cm depth classes ang vel chauh te a ni hlawm a, thlai han chinna tur tawka lei ṭha an nei lo a, hmundang aṭangin lei an la lut hial ṭhin a ni.

Engtin nge hma kan lak ang
Mithiamten, tlang chhip hi ramngaw (afforestation) a ni tur a ni. A chhan chu, ruahtui rawn tla chu ngaw thingte chuan a lo dawng a. Ngaw hnuaiah chuan dim zawkin ruahtui te chu a rawn far thla a, lei chhungrilah zawi zawiin an pût lût a, aquifer a zuk thleng a. Chu ta ṭang chuan tui thianghlim ṭhalah pawh kang lovin a rawn luangchhuak ta a chu chu, tuihnâr dik tak chu a ni.

Chung, tuihnâte chu a lungzai (Rock inclination) zawngin a bul kawrtê-ah an luang chhuak a. Chung kawrte hrang hrang tui lo luang chhuak chuan kan Tlawnglui chu an fin khawm ta a, Aizawl leh Lunglei khawpuiten rinpui berah kan lo nei ta a. Mahse, chu kan luipui tui chu a tlem tial tial an ti tlat mai si.

Kan sawi tawh angin, a tlangchhip (ridge) ah Zofate hi kan chen avangin kan tingaw hlei thei ta si lo va. Kan kawmthlangah hian a theih ang angin thing phun bawk ṭhin mahila ngaw han siam meuh chu a harsa khawp dawn tih a lang. Chuvang chuan, kan ruahtui dawn ang ang hi Soil Conservation measure hmanga kan control a, lei chhungril a pût luh tir hi kan hna pawimawh hmasa tur chu a ni a ni.

Soil conservation measure chu engte nge?
Ngaw chhah ṭha kan neih tlem tawh avangin ruah in a hau (direct) in kan lei a chhu a, splash erosion a siam a. Chu chu ven a nih loh chuan, erosion a rawn siam zauh belh a, Rill erosion a rawn siam a. Kan ngaihthah zel chuan a hma aia nasa zawkin gully erosion a rawn siam leh a chutiangin, ngaihthah a nih zel chuan Stream Bank erosion a siam zel a ni.

Chumi erosion chu, tui rawn siam a ni a; lei chungah a rawn luang dul dul a, 'tuihawk' kan ti a, ṭawng dang chuan surface run-off tih a ni.

Lei chhungrila tui pût lût (infil­tration) aia surface run-off hi a nasat zawk chuan, ruahtui tla ringawt hian tuihna a tih tam phah chuang dawn lo a, erosion a siam tam ting mai dawn a ni. Chu chuan, lei chung lang a hrût ral a, thlai mamawh leiṭha a ri ral a, ram chhia a siam zau zel ringawt mai a ni.

Lei luangral (Erosion) ven nan leh tui leh having humhalh nan Soil Conservation measure heng - Log wood bunding, salt, terracing, vegetative check dam, earthen check dam, loose stone/ dry stone masonry check dam, gabion check dam, etc hmangte a kan ram hi kan chhan a ṭul hle mai.

Tin, awih pang 10-30% thleng hian contour trench siam ila, chuta tui tlingte chu lei chhungrilah a pût ral dawn a, luite leh lui lian tuihnâ tur an ni zel dawn a ni.

Tlawnglui bakah, Tlawnglui fintu lui hrang hrang catchment area ah hian soil & water conservation measure hmanga hma lak ni se, kan tui hna te hi kan ti pung ngei ang le.

Rawtna
Tlawnglui bakah, a fintu lui catchment area ah hian hmasawnna hna thawh reng rengin leilung luangral tur ven leh ruahtui luang ral lo a, lei hnuaia put ral tur zawnga hmalakna ngaih pawimawh ni se.

Land resources, soil & water conservation department hi phût chhuak ila. Kan sawi tak, catchment area cheibawlna atana hnathawh theih tur, central ministry emaw NABARD emaw NEC, etc lamah zawng se la. Kan state sawrkar pawh­in priority lo pe ve se la, kan tuihal hi a ziaawm ngei ang.

K.Lalfakzuala