JUNE 22, 2020 TUIPUIRAL LIRNGHING KHA

June 22, 2020 Thawhṭanni zing dar 4:10-a Tuipuiral lama lirnghing leh a hnu lama vawi 80 chuang lirnghing nawn te kha kan la hre reng awm e. Kum khat tlinna a ni bawk a, kha lirnghingin min nghawng dante sawi nawn leh pahin, tawng leh thei kan nih avangin kan lo invên lâwk theih angte han tarlang ila.

Chhiatna kan tawh ṭhin aṭangte-a fimkhurna dân hrang hrangte kan chhar thar a, kan zawm hian chhiatna lo thleng pawh ni se kan tuar nêp thei deuh ang.

Tuipuiral tlangdung, Champhai district, Khawzawl district leh Saitual district-a khaw 26 zet te chuan an tuar na zual hle. Nunna chân leh hliam tuar an awm lo va, ran thi hi 40 a awm a, mimal leh sorkar in chhia hi 353 a tling a, hmun 14-ah lei a min bawk.

Hripui lên laia lirnghing thleng ni mah se, a nghawr leh a huhang hi a nat avangin, hmunhma rem laia silpaulin kaiha riak chhuak leh awm khâwm kan tam hle.

Mizo in sak dan pangngai, Assam type-a insak te chhiatna tawk a awm lo tluk a ni a. In chhia sawite pawh, lei khi in a kal tlang avang te, lungrem chhia te leh bual in/ inthiarna hmun concrete khi te a ni hlawm.

Concrete in kan uar tawh hle a, a tlangpuiin thir phuma in sa RCC structure te a chhe lo deuh. In chhia te kha thir hmang tlêm, tê deuh leh leh brick rem tamna a ni tlangpui.

Insak len ang hu aiin a ban (column) leh beam a tê tlangpui a. Ban leh beam chhia, khi chhuak te pawh a awm. Rod hman a tê deuh a, a tlangpuiin 12mm pali an hmang tlâng lâwn a. Hei hi slab phan atana hman ṭhin a ni, 16mm tal hman ni tawh se. A chhuatah thing phel hman uar a ni tho chungin, a ban (column) rinawm se.

Inhnuai awl (soft storey), sâng si leh bang ping lo leh hawlh kalh lo te a tuar nasa an ni zel a. Awih pangah in kan sa a nih chuan, inhnuai siam hram a ṭha ber a. Kan sa phui thei lo anih pawhin, hawlh kalh (cross stiffener/ X-bracing) ngei ngei tur a ni.

Ban leh bang inzawmna lai khi chat a tam hle a, mangkhawng lian tak a ni thei.

In ban leh beam inkarah bang (wall) pin tur a ni a, hetianga in sa te hian an tuar nep a. Hemi bak beam thlâwk (cantilever beam)-a bang ping leh nam pûkah te khi nasa a ni zêl a. Brick chhawng zâwnga rem a nih zêl avangin a ṭang thei lo bawk. Brick hi a mu zâwnga rem leh, ban leh beam inkar chauh bang pin te a him ber.

Ban leh ban inkar tichaktu atan lintel beam hi a lang leh lang lem lova dah a ni fo a, brick hmang kan awm ṭhin a, a dik tâwk loh avangin, kan siam dawn a nih chuan RCC tala siam a him.

Inchung zawm lehah in chhia a tam hle a. Hei hi a hnuai lama ban ṭo chho leh sak belhna tur zawm fuh lo a ni a, a hnuai lam aia lian emaw a arh chho tur emaw hi pumpelh tum tur a ni.

Lirnghing nghawr hi thahrui a ni a, a irh chhuahna lamah a ṭhenah lei khi a siam a, lung tla leh min a awm a, in a nghawrin a chak lo laiah a chhuak leh a. Ram dang insak ṭhatna hmunah chuan, tukverh darthlalang keh a awm ṭhin. Tun ṭumah hian, bang lamah a khi a, tukverh darthlalang a khawih hman lo thung a. School sak thar pakhat chu a bang pawh a bawk zawnga rem a ni a, an school darthlalang hi a keh a awm a, hmun dang zawngah chuan in saka a chak lo lai- bang remah a khi chhuak thung.

Tuizem tla te, television tla keh te leh bungraw dang chhia leh tla a awm nual a. Lirnghing nghawr avang tla theite ven leh dah fimkhur a ṭulzia a lang a. Kan bungrua avanga hliam kan tuar theih avangin, min tlâk palha kan tuar nat theih ang chi hi chu kan chung vêla dah loh a him ang.

Rora len zâwng hi a lian berah 20mm vel tur a nih laiin, lian tak tak hman a ni a. Cement chak tawk lo, muk ṭha tawk lo te leh slab dona pheh hma avânga kûl pawh a tam hle. Slab do na hi ni 28 emaw, thla khat tal do tur a ni a. Cement ṭha leh balu ṭha hman hram hram tûr a ni.

Cement-balu-rora inkhairual tawk lo, inchawhpawlh ṭha lo leh tui hmang tam nia langte a tam a. Kan ram ang, lirnghing tamna ramah chuan cement bag 1, balu ṭin 3 leh rora ṭin 6 hi chawhpawlhin, a hnawng tawk chauh tui hman tur a ni. Tui pawh a tlem berah kar khat tal pek tur a ni.

Lungrem (retaining wall) kan rem danah lung zen khat leka chhah a, sang taka rem hmuh tur a awm nual a. Lungrem hian ama rihna (self-weight) hmanga lei rihna lo dolet tur a nih avangin lungrem innghahna (foundation) ah hian lungrem chhuat hlai zawng (base width) tur hi kan retaining wall san ang zelin a danglam tur a ni.

Entirnan, Lungrem san zawng hi 3m a nih chuan, a base width hlai zawng chu formula atangin: ¾ + 0.45 = 1.2 metre (4 feet) a lo ni ang. Lungrem chip zawl hi 1.5 feet tal a ni bawk tur a ni. Hei bakah hian lungremah bangah kua (weep hole) hi dah ṭhin tur a ni a, chu chu lungrem chhak lam lei chhunga tui lo lutthla te lo luanchhuahna tur a ni. Lungrem hi a phui phei vek chuan tuinekna avangin a chim ve thei bawk. Retaining wall hi 6 metre aia sang rem tur a ni lo.

Lirnghing na ber pawh tawk thei rama awm kan nih avangin, mithiamte chuan kan ram pawh hi Seismic Zone-V ah min dah a. Hemi Seismic Zone-V in a tum ang tak hian, in sa tur leh sa tawhte pawhin insak fimkhur a ṭul hle. Tuipuiral tlangdungah hian chhawng hnih aia sâng in sak a tam lo va, lirnghing avangin in chhia an tuar tho. AMC danin in chhawng 3 chin aṭang chauha Structural Engineer ngai tura building regulation a siam hi, lirnghing nghawr dan en chuan a him tâwk lo maithei.

Engineer te thurawn ngaichang lova in kan sa ṭhin pawi theih turzia hre thar leh ila, insak phalna hmuh nan ringawta kan hmang ṭhin pawh hi sim a hun ta. Lirnghing avanga chhiatna thlenna chhan ber hi chu in chhia leh tlu avang hi a ni.

In kan sakna hmun tur hmun him a ṭul hmasa a, a sak dan tur ṭha leh hmanraw ṭha leh inchawih tawk dik hman hi kan invenna tur a ni e.

Dr. Laldinpuia & Er. Laldintluanga Mizoram University