MIZORAMAH COVID-19 AVÂNGA THIHNA- ZIRCHIANNA (STUDY)

1. Thuhmahruai.
January 30, 2020 khân World Health Organization (WHO) lam chuan Covid-19 natna hi khawtlâng hriselna atâna ngaihtuahawm bîk (Public Health Emergency of International Concern) a nih thu a puang a. March 11, 2020-ah pandemic (khawvêl puma hrilêng) a nih thu a nemnghet ta bawk a ni. Mizoramin Covid-19 hripui avanga mitthi kan neih hmasak ber chu October 28, 2020 khân a ni a. A hma thla sarih liam tâ (March 25)-ah khân, he hripui hian Mizoram a rawn luhchilh ṭan a nih kha.

1.1 Coronavirus. December 31, 2019-a natna hrik hmuhchhuah thar an puanzâr (report) tâk kha Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) tih a ni a. ‘Novel’ tih chu thil thar, hmuhchhuah thar tihna a ni. A awlsam zâwngin Covid-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) tia hriat lâr a ni bawk. He Covid-19, Wuhan (China) aṭanga inṭan natna thlentirtu (cause) chu thâwkna lam harsatna, ‘severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2’ (SARS-CoV-2) natna hrik pâi kan tih hi a ni tâ a ni. Coronavirus hripui hi ṭum dangah pawh a lo lêng tawh a. Kum 2002 China, SARS-CoV hrilêng leh kum 2012 Middle East, MERS-CoV hrilêngte kha an ni, kan la hre ṭheuh awm e. Amaherawhchu, Covid-19 hrilêng nen hi chuan a inang hauh lo thung a ni.

1.2 Quarantine. He thumal hi kan hrilêng Covid-19 kâra lam rîk zin pâwl tak a ni mai awm e. Quarantine tih hi Italian ṭawng ‘Quarantena’ emaw ‘Quarantagiorni’ tih aṭanga lâk niin, a awmzia chu ‘Ni sawm li’ (40 days) tihna a ni. He thumal lo chhuahna bul nia rin chu kum zabi 14 (1347-1351)-naa hrichhiain Europe khawmûalpui a tuam ṭum kha a ni awm e. Venice (Italy) lawngchawlh hmuna lo thleng tûrte chu, khawmûal an kâi hmain an chuanna lawng chu ni 40 an hrênsak phawt ṭhin. Hrilêng laka venhimna an bawhzui dân a ni. Kha ‘Black Death Plague’ khân mi maktaduai 200 chuang teh meuh nunna a laksak nghe nghe a ni. (*He zirchianna nên inkungkaihna nei lêm lo mah se, ka'n tarlang ve hrim hrim a ni e)

Table 1-a kan hmuh angin February 15, 2021 hma lama Khawvêl, India leh Mizoram te Covid-19 dinhmun khâikhin a ni a. No. of cases (Covid-19 vei hmuhchhuah), Recovered (Dam chhuak) leh Deaths (Thi) zâtte khi Table 1 en chuan kan hrethiam vekin a rinawm. CFR, CDR, RR leh Cases per million te erawh hi chu kan sawifiah thiam turah ngai ang. Mizoram population (Mihring zât) hi 2011 census-ah 1,097,206 a ni a, chu chu Sikkim dawtah India rama mihring tlêm berna State kan ni. 2021 census-ah erawh mihring 1,238,244 vêl awm tawh tûra chhût (project) kan ni thung. He Mizoram census (2021 projected) zâwk hi Table 1-a kan hmuh data ṭhenkhat chhût nâna hman a ni.

2. Covid-19 thihpui zât leh dam chhuak zât khaikhinna.
Figure 1 kan en chuan Khawvel, India leh Mizoram hmêlhmang kimchang hmuh theihin a awm a. A hnuaia tehfung (parmeters) kan sawifiah tûrte hmang hian khaikhinna neih a ni. He zirchiannaina a huam chin chu February 15, 2021 hmalam kan tih tawh kha.

2.1 Case fatality rate (CFR). Case fatality ratio tih a ni bawk. ‘Covid-19 vanga thi zât’ chu ‘Covid-19 vei hmuhchhuah zât’ in sem (divide) tûr a ni a. Chu chu 100-in kan puntîr (multiply) leh ang. Tichuan, Covid-19 hrivei hmuhchhuah zât aṭanga Covid-19 avânga thi zât percent chu a lo chhuak mai dâwn a ni.

2.2 Crude Death Rate (CDR). Crude mortality rate tih a ni bawk. ‘Covid-19 vanga thi zât’ chu ‘Population (Mihring zât)’ in sem (divide) tûr a ni a. Chu chu 1,000,000-in kan puntîr (multiply) leh dâwn a ni. He research (zirbingna) atân bik hian million (maktaduai) hman a ni a, 100 emaw 1000 emawpawh a hman theih tho bawk a ni. Tichuan, Population (Mihring zât) aṭanga Covid-19 avânga thi zât percent chu kan hre thei dâwn a ni.

2.3 Recovery Rate (RR). Recovery rate chu Covid-19 hrivei, dam chhuak zât tihna a ni. ‘Covid-19 vei hmuhchhuah zât’ aṭangin ‘Dam chhuak zât’ kan sem (divide) leh ang a, chuta lo chhuak chu 100-in kan puntîr (multiply) leh dâwn a ni. Tichuan, dam chhuak zât percent chu a hriat leh theih dâwn a ni.

2.4 Cases per million. Cases per million chu maktaduai zêla Covid-19 vei zât tihna a ni. ‘Population (Mihring zât)’ aṭangin ‘Covid-19 vei hmuhchhuah zât’ kan sem (divide) ang a, chuta lo chhuak chu 1,000,000-in kan puntîr (multiply) leh ang. Tichuan, mihring maktaduai khat zêla Covid-19 hrivei zât chu a hriat leh theih dâwn ta a ni.

3. Zirchianna (Study) kalhmang tlângpui.
He zirchianna hian a huam chin chu February 14, 2021 thleng a ni a. Hemi hun chhûng hian Mizoramah Covid-19 avânga boral mi pakua (9) chhinchhiah an awm. Chûng zingah chuan dedicated (ruatbîk) Covid-19 hospital kan neihchhun Zoram Medical College (ZMC) aṭangin mi pariat (8) lâi nunna chân an awm a ni. Hmun danga boral pakhat erawh he zirchiannaah hian telh a ni ve ta lo.

April 7, 2020 khân ZMC-ah ngêi Covid-19 test-na khâwl, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) hman ṭan a ni ve ta a. June 12, 2020 aṭang phei chuan district dang hospital thlan bîk (Covid-19 designated hospital)-ah TrueNat khâwl- Truelab Quattro micro-PCR hman ṭan a ni ta bawk a ni. He zirchiannaa telte hi Covid-19 an vei ngêi tih nemnghehnâ'n RT-PCR emaw TrueNat khawl emaw hman a ni. Covid-19 avânga boralte inenkawl dân kimchang (deceased medical file) chu medical record section (ZMC- Referral hospital) aṭanga lâk (collect) a ni.

4. Mihring zât chhuina: Kum, Mipa/Hmeichhia leh ABO blood group.
Table 2-ah Covid-19 avânga boral zât chhuichianna tarlan a ni. Kum 30-44 inkârah mi pahnih, 45-65 inkârah mi pahnih, 65-85 inkârah mi panga, kum 60 hnuai lamah mi pathum, leh kum 60 chung lamah mi panga te an awm. A pumpuia mitthite kum chawhrual (mean) chu 62.88 a ni (mipa 60.7 leh hmeichhia 78). Covid-19 avânga boralte zîngah mipa pasarih (87.5%) leh hmeichhia pakhat (12.5%), an vaiin mi pariat an awm a. Chûng zinga a chanve (50%), mi pali blood group chu B a ni a, mi pathum dangin blood group A neiin, blood group AB nei pakhat a awm bawk. Chutihlaiin blood group O nei pakhat mah an awm lo thung a ni.

5. Kum bithliah bîk khaikhinna: Enkawl rei zâwng leh taksa kalhmang tehna.
Kum 60 hnuai lamah, damdawiina enkawl rei zâwng laihâwl ber (median) chu ni 18 a ni a, kum 60 chung lamah ni 15. Chutiangin, kum 60 hnuai lamah, ICU bîka enkawl rei zâwng chu ni 18 a nih laiin, kum 60 chung lamah erawh ni 11 a ni thung (Table 3 en rawh).

Tin, kum 60 hnuai lam lehchunglamah, damdawiin luh hlim (on hospital arrival)-a an dinhmunte chu Table 3-ah hian tarlan a ni. Hêng tehfung pawimawh (vitals)- Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, Random blood sugar, Heart rate, Respiratory rate, Oxygen saturation level leh Temperature te hi hman an ni.

6. Kum bithliah bîk khaikhinna: Natna inlâr dân.
Kum 60 chung lam leh hnuai lama natna inlâr dân (presenting symptoms) khaikhinna Table 4 kan en chuan kan hmuang. He zirchiannaa telte hian Covid-19 pneumonia kaihhnawih natna an nei vek a. Chûng zîngah chuan fever (khawsik) kaihhnawih nei an tam ber a, kum 60 chung lamah mi pali, kum 60 hnuai lamah mi pahnih an awm. A pumpuiah, khawsik nei hi mi paruk an awm a, chu chu za zelah 75% lâi tihna a ni. A dawtah chuan thâwk lam harsatna (dyspnoea) nei mi panga (62.5%) an awm a, khuh/ hrawk lam harsatna (cough/sore throat) neiin dawt lehin, mi pali (50%) an awm bawk a ni. A dang langsar zual deuhte chu- generalise weakness/ fatigue/ myalgia, low consciousness/ delirium, chest pain, headache, diarrhoea/ abdominal painte an ni.

7. Kum bithliah bîk khaikhinna: Natna benvawn dang nei.
Table 5-a kan hmuh ang hian, thisen sâng (Hypertension) leh zunthlum (Diabetes Mellitus) natna nei an tam ber a, mi panga ve ve (62.5%) in an nei a ni. Thisen sâng (Hypertension) bîk kan en chuan, kum 60 chung lamah mi paliin an nei a, kum 60 hnuai lamah erawh mi pakhat chauhin a nei thung. Thisen sâng (Hypertension) emaw zunthlum (Diabetes Mellitus) emaw a pahniha nei kawp emaw awm zât chu mi pasarih (87.5%) lâi an ni. A dang langsar zualte chu- Cardiovascular diseases, Chronic liver disease, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Neuro- cerebral atrophy/ dementia, Immuno compromised state. He zirchianna aṭanga lang chhuak tâ chu, Covid-19 avânga boralte zingah rau rau pawh kum 60 hnuai lam aiin kum 60 chung lamah natna benvawn nei an tam zâwk a ni.

8. Kum bithliah bîk khaikhinna: Natna kaihhnawih belhchhahtu.
Table 6-a kan hmuh angin, acute respiratory failure (thâwk lam diklohna) leh cardiovascular condition (lung lam kaihhnawih natna) te hi a langsar ber (most common) an ni. Hêng natna (conditions)-te hi mi pasarih (87.5%) ve vein an nei a, kum upa lamah (kum 60 chung) a tam zual bîk hle bawk. Hyper-glycemia, acute liver failure, jugular venous pressure leh neurologic conditions te’n an dawt a. Tin, hêng natna- acute kidney failure, dyslipidemia, pulmonary tuberculosis, secondary bacterial infection leh urinary tract infection neite pawh an awm bawk a ni.

Thubelh
He zirbingna (research paper) hi mi nâwlpui hriatthiam theih tura ruahman a ni a. Chhiar chiang a, hriat belh duh nei kan awm a nih chuan a hnuaia link tarlanah hian i lût mai dâwn nia.

https://www.researchgate.net/p... 2.https://doi.org/10.26452/ijrps...

Ziaktu:

Andrew Lalchhuanawma, PhD scholar DEIC (RBSK), CMO Lunglei. Dr. C. Lalhlimpuii, M.O. Ṭawipui PHC.