ENG VANGIN NGE KAN INTODELH LOH ANG?

Mizote hi pi leh pute aṭangin hnam huaisen, tlawmngai, taima leh intodelh kan ni ṭhin a, heng nun ze mawite hi Mizo nih tinuamtu an ni ṭhin. YMA–in Mizo nun ze mawite kan chhawm nun zel theih nan nasa takin ṭan a la reng ṭhin a ni tih chu kan hre ṭheuh awm e. YMA chuan Thuthlung 10 a duang chhuak a, No. 1-ah chuan “Mizote hi thlahtute aṭanga hnam huaisen, tlawmngai leh hawihhawm kan ni ṭhin a, chù'ng ze mawite chu ka nunphungah hian a pâr vul ve tur a ni” (Source : YMA Hlabu, 1999 phek 166-na). Heng YMA Thuthlung 10-te tihlawhtling tur chuan intodelh kan nih a ngai a, intodelh tur chuan kan taimàk a, kan rinawm a, kan dik a ngai bawk a ni. Tunah chuan Mizo nun ze mawi, “Sem sem dam dam, ei bil thi thi,” tih pawh a letlingin kan kalpui ta mai ni te pawhin a lang hial tawh a nih hi!

Ram roreltute hian taimàkna, rinawmna leh diknaa mipuite an kaihhruai hunah chuan Mizo nun ze mawi kan sawi tàkte kha kan nuna a beh tlat theihna tura bul ṭanna tur pawimawh tak a ni ngei ang. A chhan chu kan Pathian hi taimàkna, rinawmna leh dikna ngai sângtu Pathian a ni a, a thu zàwmtute chu mal a sàwm bawk ṭhin a ni. YMA Thuthlungte a lo hlawhtlin a, Mizote hi hnam anga kan din chhuah a, Chanchin Ṭha hi nasa lehzuala puan darh a lo nih theih nana ṭangkai a nih beiseiin heng thute hi ka rawn ziak a ni.

Intodelhna kawng: Intodelhna kawng hi kawng hnihin hlawm lian takin ṭhen theih a ni. Hlawm hniha ṭhen ni mah se, inkungkaih tlat lo thei lo an ni. Pakhatna chu lehkha thiamho leh ṭhalaihote tan Skill Development& Employment a ni a, a dang leh chu leilung hausakna hmanga ei leh bàr kawnga intodelh a ni.

1. Skill Development & Employment
NSDC (National Skill Development Council) leh ICRA Management Consulting Services Limited (IMacs) te ṭang kawpin kum 2012 khan “Skill Gap Study of the North East” an nei a. He research-a an tàr lan dan chuan Mizoramah kum 10 a ral leh hunah chuan hna thawk thei mi nuai thum leh sing riat (3.8 lakhs) vel an awm ang a, hnathawh tur chu mi nuai khat leh sing li (1.4 lakhs) vel tan chauh a awm ang an ti a. Tichuan, mi nuai hnih leh sing li ( 2.4 lakhs) vel hnathawh tur hmu lo awm turah an ngai a ni. Heng hnathawh tur hre lo tan hian India ram hmun dangah leh foreign-ah te hna an thawh theih nan thiamna (skill) pek an ngai a ni a ti bawk. Mizoram pawna Mizo ṭhalaite thawh àwm hna an tarlan chu; Beauty and Wellness, Hospitality, Fashion Designing, Flight Attendants, Health Care, General Staff at the airport, IT/ITES, Music, Sports, Language skills leh Trainers te an ni (Source: NSDC Skill Gap Study of the North East).

Mizo ṭhalaiten Global standard Skills (thiamna) an neih theihna tura ṭan latute zingah ka tel ve tawh a. Hetih lai hian Member Secretary, Mizoram Skill Development Society (MSDS) leh Private Secretary to Education Minister ka ni bawk a. Hetiang kawnga hma la latu turte tan ṭangkai a nih tàkin tiin mi mal tawn hriat (experience) tlêm tar lang ila. Hetih laia Education Minister Pu Lalsâwta leh British Deputy High Commissioner, Kolkata te inbiakna bawh zuiin British Deputy High Commissioner Office, Kolkata-ah Mizo ṭhalaite'n India ram mai ni lo, khawvel ram hrang hranga hna an thawh theihna tur thiamna (skill) an neih theih dan tur sawiho a ni a. Kan harsatna leh duh dante ka sawi hnuah British Deputy High Commissioner chuan Global Skills Summit 2013 hi FICCI (Federation of Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries)-in New Delhi-ah a buatsaih dawn a. British High Commissioner, New Delhi ka lo bia ang a, British Skills Providers hrang hrangte in hmu ang a, Mizo ṭhalaite tana British sawrkarin a tihtheihte in sawiho dawn nia tiin sawihona chu a titawp ta a.

Tichuan ni 5.9.2013-ah chuan hun remchang British High Commissioner chuan min siamsak a, heng British Skills Providers-te hnenah hian Mizo ṭhalaite mamawh chu kan thlen ta a ni. Hengahte hian Ravindra Singh, Consultant, MSDS in min ṭawiawm zel ṭhin a ni (Ani hi tunah chuan Mining Industries, Skills Sectors-ah a thawk mek a ni). Chung kan hmuhte chu–(1) John Phillips, Country Adviser, Association of Colleges, (2) Leighton Ersnbuger, Director, Skills, British Council, (3) SP Kar leh John Yates, National Head and General Manager, Manipal City and Guilds, (4) Isabel Sutcliffe, Director, Industrial Standards and Quality, Pearson leh (5) T.K. Arunachalam leh Ashish Bushan, Cambridge University te an ni. Heng mithiamhote hian Mizo ṭhalaite tan thuràwn ṭha tak tak min pe a, mahse Sawrkarin sum a theh chhuah si loh chuan eng mah a tih theih loh a ni! Hei bakah New Zealand ram aiawhte nen titihona kan nei bawk a, Canadian Embassy-ah kalin Education Department hotute hnen aṭangin Mizo ṭhalaite tana thil ṭha tur rawtnate min pe bawk a ni. Tin, J.P. Rai, Adviser to Prime Minister (Dr. Manmohan Singh), National Council on Skill Development hnenah kan harsatnate kan thlen a, ani chuan he programme atan hian sum a ngai a, BADP Fund aṭangin 5% leh Article 275(1) aṭangin 10% te ṭhalaite hmakhua atana a hman theih thute min lo hrilh a. Heng aṭangte hian Rs. 3.17 crores kum 2012-13 chhungin ṭhalaite tan hman theih a nih thu te, a bul ṭan nan ṭhalai 700, an tuina zâwng leh hna hmuh ngei theihna tur sector te, training providers, training-na hmun turte ziakin min pe bawk a ni.

Ṭhalaite hmakhua atana hetiang sum hman hi kan sawrkar hotute rilruah a awm si loh chuan engmah a tih theih loh a ni! Project pakhat ṭha èm èm chu Sudeshna Chatterjee, Director, South Asia Development, Bournville College, U.K., nen Kolkata-a an Office-ah Mizo ṭhalaite tana South East Asia-a hnathawh theih awm àwm te sawi dun a ni a. English Teacher atana Mizo ṭhalaite an ṭhat thu leh South Korea, Japan leh China-ahte English teacher hna a awm theih dan turte sawi ho a ni a, a phûr hle mai a. Tichuan, Sam K.Son, East Asia Director, Bournville College, Seol-a mi chu mail-in Mizoram aṭangin mi 8-10 inkar vel lo zin an duh a, Mizo ṭhalaite tana hnathawh tur hrang hrang leh Spoken English teacher hna lama thawh turte an duh a tiin. Sam K. Son-a chuan mail-a rawn chhâng thuaiin, chàm hun chhung tur leh hmuh duhte bakah Korean Industry, Culture leh Society-te in zirchiang dawn a nia tiin. A phûrawm hle mai a, a chhan chu kan ṭhalai eng zat nge a bul ṭan nan English teacher atan min laksak theih ang tiin ka ngaihtuah a. Amaherawhchu, vanduaithlak takin he Seol tlawhna (tour) tur atan hian sum a awm tlat si lo! Bournville College hi London-a awm college a ni mai lawm ni? Engtin nge Kolkata leh Seol-ah te office an neih theih tia zawhna awm thei a ni a. Bournville College hian education pangngai bakah sumdàwnna hrang hrang a kalpui a ni. Tunlai khawvel hi chu Business World a ni tawh ti ila a chiang mai àwm e.

Skill Development tih hian chhiartu ṭhenkhat tan chuan hriatthiam a har deuh maithei a. Hetiang hian sawifiah tum ta ila. Kan tû leh fate hian BA, MA, BSc, MSc an zawh tawh hnu hian Education Department chuan an tih tur an ti zo thawkhatah an inngai a. Mizoramah hnathawh tur a indaih si lo va, chutih laiin hnathawh tur awmna hmun Industries, Companies-te chuan heng kan ṭhalaite hian an industries, Companies-te mamawh thiamna an nei lo an ti tlat bawk si a. Chuvangin, kan ṭhalaite thiamna (skills), an hnathawh duh zawng ang zela tihchangtlun hi Skill Development tih awmzia chu a ni, ti ila a kan hrethiam mai awm e. Mizote hian India ram zirna hmun ṭha IIT (Indian Institute of Technology), IIM (Indian Institute of Management), etc.-ah te zir chhuak kan la nei tlêm hle mai. Heng zirna hmun ṭhaahte zir chhuak a, India ram chhung bakah U.S.A, etc.-ah te ṭhalai tam tak an thiamna (skills) avanga an thawh hun hi a nghahhlelhawm takzet a ni. Heng thiamna nei tur hian Mizo ṭhalaite thluak hian a tlin a, neih belh ngai chu taihmàkna leh tih hrâm hrâmna (perseverance) chauh a ni tih hi ṭhalaiten hre nawn fo se a duhawm tak meuh a ni. Kan pi leh pute (rual û te) chuan India ramah Mizote hming ti ṭhain I.A.S, I.F.S., I.P.S., etc.-ah mi tam tak an tling a, hnam dangte ngaih sàn leh thîk thamin Mizote hi an lo siam tawh ṭhin a ni.

Mizoram-ah hian tàrlan tawh angin Industry lian tak, ṭhalai tam tak hnathawh tûr siamsak thei tûr hi a awm mai rih dawnin a lang lo. Leilung hausakna- Oil leh Gas-te hi laihchhuah hun pawh lo thleng se, Mizote hi Company-te mamawh thiamna nei kan awm leh dawn lo. Chuvângin, hna awmna hmun Company, Industries etc. te’n an mamawh thiamna (Job requirement skill) hi kan ṭhalaite'n an neih theihna tûra hma lâk a pawimawh a ni. Kan ṭhalaite'n thiamna ṭha (Marketable skill) an neih hunah chuan India ram mai ni lo, khawvêl ram hrang hrangah pawh hna hrang hrang thawh tûr an hmu tawh ang. Chuvângin hetiang ngaihtuahna nên Education System hi kalpui a ṭul a ni.

Tûnah hian kan ṭhalai tam tak Singapore, Malaysia, etc.-ah te hna thawkin an awm a. Hêng rama hna thawk tawhte’n an sawi dân chuan a tîrtu Company-te’n an thla hlawh eng emaw zât an chan tûrah dahin hna an zawnsak ṭhin a ni. Mumal zâwk leh fel zâwka kan ṭhalaite’n hêng ramahte an thawh theih dân kawng dap a, ruahmanna ṭha siamsak a ṭul hle a ni. Hêng rama kan ṭhalaite hnathawh tûr ngaihtuahsaktu Company-te nena ṭanghova, lang tlang (transparent) taka thil tih a ṭul hle bawk a ni. Hêng kan ṭhalaite hi an kal chhuah hmain Kohhranten zirtirna leh fuihnate nei se, Workplace Missionary anga thawk tûrin thlah liam se. Tichuan, hlawh pêk ngai lo Missionary tam tak kan nei thei dawn tihna a ni. Chanchin ṭha zau zâwka puan chhuah nân leh ṭhalaite’n hnathawh tûr an hmuh theihna kawng ni bawk ruahmanna siam hi a pawimawh hlê mai.

Entîr nân, Missionary luh phal lohna ramahte chuan eng hnathawktu nge an mamawh (Skill gap) zawn chhuah a, an mamawh hnathawktu atân Mizo ṭhalaite tirh dân ngaihtuah a pawimawh. Japan, China, South Korea te chu ram changkâng an ni a, mahse mamawh (Skill gap) nei lo chu an ni bik lo. An hnathawktu mamawh chu English Teacher niin sawi a ni. Mizo ṭhalaite zîngah English thiam tak tak tam tak an awm a. Hêng hote hi Company rin tlâkte nên thawkhoin Mizo ṭhalaite hêng ramahte hian English zirtirtu atân thawn dân ngaihtuah ni se. Hêng Mizo ṭhalaite hi târlan tawh ang bawkin Workplace Missionary ni tûrin Kohhranhoten zirtîrin fuihna nei bawk se. Tichuan, Kohhran chàwm ngai lo Missionary tam tak kan nei thei dawn a ni. South East Asia bàkah Europe ramah chuan kum upate enkawlna (Elderly Care) hi an uar tawh a. Heng atan hian Nurse leh Doctor te tan thawh tur a awm thu an sawi ṭhin a. Heng rama thawk tur hian kan Nurse leh Doctor-te hian Qualification dang an mamawh a, chûngte chu British Skill Provider-ten an pe thei bawk a ni. An chetzia leh khawsakziain Lal Isua chanchin an tarlang ang a, an thawhnate chuan, "An va fel ve, eng Pathian nge an biak?" an ti dawn a ni. Hetiang kawng hian chanchin ṭha hi zau zâwka hril darh a ni thei dawn bawk a ni. Pathian mit hmuha thuawih leh tihnuama kan awm phawt chuan hêng thilte hi tihhlawhtlin a la ni ngei ang.

2. Ram leilung hausakna hman ṭangkai
Leilung hausakna hman ṭangkai chungchang hi ka lo ngaihtuah ngai lêm lo a. Amaherawhchu, Mizote hi hnam anga kan din chhuah theihna tura pawimawh a nih avangin ngaihtuah loh theih loh subject a lo ni ta a ni. Mizoram tâna thlai chîn tur ṭha nia Priyadarshan Amitav Khuntia-a’n a tarlante chu Ginger, maize leh sesamum te an ni a. Horticulture lamah chuan Ginger, brinjal leh mushroom te an ni (Source : Skill Development of Youth in North East India; Way Forward, NLI Research Studies Series No.124/2017, V.V. Giri Labour Institute, Noida). P.K. Misra chuan “What causes proverty?” tih a ziahah chuan J.K. Galbraith-a thu ziah la chhawngin retheihna chhan hrang hrang pariat a tarlang a. Chung zingah chuan (1) Mipuite duh thlanna a ni; (2) Thil a nihna tak hriat chian loh vang (ignorance) leh (3) Ruahmanna fel fai awm loh vang (incompetent policy) te tar lan a ni (Source : Population Proverty and Environment in North East India, Edited by B. Datta Ray, et al, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi). Ram Ahuja chuan hmasawnna a kal ṭhat lohna chhan ber chu resources emaw, technical skills tlakchham vang emaw ni lo vin, ruahmanna felfai (political policies) awm loh vang a ni a ti bawk (Source : Social problems in India by Ram Ahuja; Third edition, Rawat Publications, New Delhi, etc).

A bul ṭan nan Mizoram hmun hrang hrang hi eng thlai leh thil dang chin nante nge a ṭhat tih hi hriat hmasak a ṭul a. Hemi ti tûr hian ICAR, Kolasib-a awmhote mawhphurhna pêk ni se. Mizoram leilung hi chipchiar takin zir chhuak hmasa se. Heta ṭang hian thlai leh thil dang chin tûrte ruahman tûr a ni. Tin, a chîngtu tûrte chhungkaw dinhmun (family background) hriat chian a, kum khat chhunga inbân let mai thei tûr thlai leh thil dangte chîng tûr chhungkua leh longterm thil pawh buaipui tel thei turte hriat chian hmasak vek a, Mizoram chhung mipuite mamawh bâkah State pawna hralh chhuah tûr eng thil nge chìn ni se ṭha ang tih ngaihtuah a ngai bawk.

Chhungkaw tam tak tana eizawnna ngêlnghet taka hman theih thil tam tak a awm thei ang. Entir nân, Serlui Hydel Project tuikhuah khu km 53 vela sei a ni an ti a. Kawlphethà pe chhuaktu atân chauh ni lovin sangha khawi nân hmang ṭangkai ta ila. Dan mumal tak siamin chhungkaw tam tak tân eizawnna ṭha tak a ni ang. Hêng bâkah kan ram leilunga awm sa Rung Dil te, Palak Dil te pawh sum leh pai la lut zawnga buatsaih theih an ni. Hengte hi a nachâng hria roreltu an la awm loh vang chauha hman ṭangkai loh an ni. A duh zawnga kan awm chuan leilung hausakna– Oil leh Gas te pawh hi kan ram din chhuah nân Pathianin a ui hauh lo ang tih i ring ang u.

India ram State bâkah foreign ram thlenga hralh chhuah theih tûr eng thilte nge Mizoramah awm thei tih ngaihtuah a ngai bawk. Silchar thlawhkhûm sumdâwnna hi kan kalpui ngei tûr a ni. Kan hriat reng tûr erawh chu dikna leh rinawmna a awm loh chuan he thil hi tih theih a ni lo tih hi a ni. Hetiang sumdâwnna ngêlnghet nei tur chuan Company lian leh rin tlak thawhpui neih a ngai dawn a. Anni nên inremna kawng hrang hrangah siam a ngai ang. Entîr nân, kan Company thawhpuite khan, "Nakkumah chuan sawhthing quintal sing nga kan leisak ang che u, a hralhna chu kan mawhphurhna a ni a, kg. khat ₹ 20-in kan leisak ang che u," min ti ta se. Silchar sumdawnghote’n lo hre ta se, anmahni thlawh khûmin Mizoten sawhthing an hralh dawn tih an hriat chuan tihchhiat dân kawng an zawng nghal vat dawn a ni. Company-in kg khat ₹ 20-a an lâk dawn chuan kg khat ₹ 30-in kan lei duh an rawn ti ang. Company nêna Mizote thawh dunna tihchhiat nân chuan sum tam tak sèn pawh an pawiti lo ang.

Dikna leh rinawmna kan neih chuan min tichhe thei lo ang. Amaherawhchu, pawisa kan mamawh si a ti a, Silchar-ho hnêna kan sawhthingte kan hralh mai chuan Company-ah quintal sing nga kan tlin leh si loh chuan Company-te kha an lungawi dawn lo a ni. A chhan chu lei chhawng tûr an lo zawng làwk a, an hralh leh chhâwnna tûrte mamawh tûr zât an pe thei dawn lo tihna a ni. Tichuan, Company chuan Mizote hi sumdàwnpui tlàkah min ngai lo ang. Tichuan, Silchar-ho kutah kan sumdàwnna hi a awm chhunzawm ang a, Company laka kan hnawn hnû chuan kg-ah ₹ 2-te pawhin min leisak mai ang. Kan leitir loh chuan sawhthing chu a chhe vek ang a, paih aiin lungawi lo takin kan hralh dawn a ni. Anni an lian tual tual ang a, keini kan rethei tual tual zêl dawn tihna a ni ang. Kan ram leilung hausakna hmang ṭangkai tûr hian hmathlìr thui tak neih a, dikna leh rinawmna nên ṭan kan lâk hi a ṭul tak meuh a ni. Kan thil thar chhuahte hi Silchar-hoin rate min fix sak a, eng zâtin nge an hralh lehchhàwn pawh kan hre bawk si lo! Tihnuam leh thuawiha kan awm chuan Pathian malsâwmna kan dawng ang a, kan beisei phâk lohin kan la hlawhtling ngei ang tih i ring tlat ang u.

Ram hmasàwn tih hian khawpui chauh a ṭhang tur a ni lo. Thingtlang an ṭhan ve loh chuan hma tak tak kan sàwn lo tihna a ni. Chuvângin, hmasàwnna hi a kai rual thei ang bera kalpui tûr a ni. Kan Bible-in,‘Ram hi Lalpa ta a ni’ a tih angin, Lalpa duh zawnga enkawl leh cheibàwl hi Lalpa ringtute tih tûr a ni. Kan thlai leh thil dang thar chhuahte mumal taka kan hralh chhuah theih hunah chuan Mizote taihmâk zia hi hnam dangte’n mak an la ti dawn a ni. Chutih hunah chuan State hausa leh ṭhenawm State-a thil thawn chhuaktu pawh kan ni thei tih i ring tlat bawk ang u. Kan Bible-ah Lalpa ṭih chu finna bul a ni tih kan hmu a, Lalpa ṭih chu hausakna bul a ni tih pawh hi Mizote'n a takin i lantîr ang u.

Kut hnathawktute'n an thil chìn turte chu a hralh leh chhàwn dan tur ruahmanna (marketing plan) neih hmasak ang zulzuia chìn tur a ni ang. Tichuan, kut hnathawktute'n eng zat nge an thar chhuah theih ang a, pawisa eng zat nge an hmuh chhuah theih ang tih hre sàin hna an thawk tawh dawn a ni. A thawk nasa leh thar chhuak tam apiang an hausa tawh mai dawn a ni. Sawrkar ruahmanna hnuaia thlai leh thil dang chîngte thar chhuahte chu Mizoram chhung leh pawna hralh theih loh a awm a nih chuan sawrkarin a lei ang a, a tihral dan tur a ngaihtuah bawk ang. Kut hnathawktute'n an thar chhuahte hralh theih lohin a awm tur a ni lo ang. Chutih hunah chuan mi tam takin nasa takin hna an thawk ang a, Aizawl khawpui aṭang pawhin mi tam tak thingtlang lamah an kir leh duh ang a, sualna (crime) a tlem tawh bawk ang. Ruling Party Office-a pun khawm luai luaiin awmzia a neih tawh dawn loh avangin Party hrang hrang Workers, mi fel tak takten kawng dang ṭha an ngaihtuah tawh ang a, ramin nasa takin hma a sawn tawh dawn a ni. Sawrkar chu Dàn siamtu a nih angin a Dàn hrang hrangte vawng himtu a ni tawh ang a, mi tin Dàn hnuaiah nuam takin an awm tawh dawn a ni. Kum 40/50 a ral hunah chuan, Contractor ni lovin contract hna lian tak tak an thawk ṭhin a, aikal jail tâng, Petrol pawlh dal, chartin, cubic lung tê lutuk thute hi Tualte vanglaia thil thleng ang lekah ngaiin thil ni thei tak tak lo turah ṭhangtharte chuan an la ngai dawn a ni.

Amaherawhchu, rorelna dik leh fel neih kan duh lo a nih chuan kum 40/50 a lo ral meuh chuan ṭhangtharte chuan keiniho hi mawhphurtua ngaiin nasa takin min la dem dawn a ni tih kan hriat làwk a ngai bawk. Kan society a chhiat zel chuan tunlai mite hi ṭhangtharte chuan ram leh hnam hmangaihtu, Pathian ringtu tak takah dah lovin Mizo hnam phatsantuah min la dah ngei ang! Kan pi leh pute khan Pathian thute hi hriaa sawi ringawt lovin lo nunpui sela chuan hetiang hun hi kan tawng lo tur an la ti vawng vawng ngei ang le! Chutih hunah chuan nang leh kei chu kan dam tawh lo ang, kan tû leh fàten harsatna an la tawh tur hi ngaihtuah ngam pawh a ni lo hial a ni. Chuvangin, kan dam khawchhuah theihna tur kawng awm chhun; Pathian thu zàwm a, rorelna dik leh fel Mizorama a lo awm theih nan ngaihtuahna thar nen ke i pèn ang u tiin chhiartu zawng zawngte ka sâwm che u a ni.

Dr. Lalnunthara