March 1, 1966 Mizoram Independence movement thlen dan

Mizoram Independence Movement pian dan hi a bul deuh aṭangin sawi ila. Kan history ziaktu zawng zawngten Mizote nihna thu inang an sawi vek chu ‘Mongolian’ kan ni, China ram aṭanga thlang rawn tla tuna kan awmna ṭheuh, India, East Pakistan (Bangladesh) leh Burma ramah te inbengbel ta tih hi a ni.

Kum 1870 kumtir lam khan Beng­khuaia Sailam Lal leh a hote chuan Alexandrapur, Cachar an runnaah thingpui huana lo khawsa Dr. James Winchester that a, a fanu kum 5 mi, Meitei nula laka a fa, (Source: ‘Mizoram khua a la var ang’ by R.Ropianga) Mary Winchester (Zoluti) chu salah an man a. Hemi avang hian British chuan 1871 leh 1890 ah Mizoram chu Zoluti laklet leh tum chuan an rawn run ta a. Zoluti chu lalet lehin British chuan Mizoram chu a awp zui ta a ni.

World War-II
Kum 1939, September ni 1 chuan khawvel Indopui II-na (World War-II) chu a lo chhuak ta a. He indona hi German Dictator Adolf Hitler-an a ṭhenawm ramte a run chhoh zel avanga lo thleng a ni a. Hitler chuan Europe ram mai duh tawk lovin 1941 May thla chuan Russia pawh a run ta zel a.

Kum 1941 August-ah U.S. President Franklin D.Roosevelt leh British Prime Minister Winston Churchill te chuan ram dangte pawh hip thei tur thawhdunna thuthlung, Atlantic tuipui lai taka Indo Lawng lianah ‘Atlantic Charter’ an tih chu an siam a. December ni 7, 1941 chuan Hawaii thliarkara American Navy hmunpui ‘Pearl Harbour’ chu Japan Bombers 189 te chuan an rawn bei tat hut mai a. Battleship 8, Cruisers 3, Destroyers 3 leh indo thlawhna tam tak an chhu chhia a ni. Hemi tuk hian USA leh Great Britain chuan Japan do an puang nghal a ni.

Mizote tel ve na chu...
Kum 1942, January ni 1 ah chuan ram 26 aiawh kalkhawmte chuan Atlantic Charter, Roosevelt leh Churchill te lo duan tawh zulzui chuan Atlantic Charter chu siamṭhain ‘Atlantic Charter’ thar an duang chhuak leh ta a ni. He Charter hi point 8 a ni a. Ram chak zawkin a chak lo zawkte hnehlak loh, hnam tinte anmahni ro inrel theihna, duhthlan theihna leh zalenna neih. Ram tinte ei leh bar thila inpui tawn a thawhhona ṭha neih, mitinte thlamuang taka an inbenbel theihna, mitin anmahni ram ṭheuhah zalen takin an khawsa tur a ni. Mahni duhzawng sawitheihna, Sakhaw zalenna.

Atlantic Charter siam a nih aṭanga ni 3 naah Germany, Italy leh Japan te chuan thawhhona ‘Tripartite Pack’ an siam ve ta nghal a. “Allied Force lam ṭangten hnehna a chan chuan Allied Force zawm ramte chu tu awpna hnuaia awm pawh nise, zalenna (Independence) emaw, an awmzel dan tur duhthlanna siamsak an ni ang,” tih a ni a.

Hetih lai hian Mizoram (Lushai Hills) chu British Foreign Jurisdiction Act hmanga Foreign Department hnuaia awp kan ni a. British India, Pakistan Burma hnuaia awm ve lo ‘Excluded Area’ tia hriat kan ni a, Superintendent of Lushai Hills ina a awp kan ni. Allied Force a tel ve tur hian India pawhin kan ai an awh thei lova, ram hrang daih kan nih avangin 1942, April ni 3 khan Mizo Lal leh Upa 300 te chuan Aizawl Bawrhsap (Superintendent) Mc Call-a hmaah Allied Force ho dopui ve tura thutiam Aizawl Bawrhsap tualah British Flag (Union Jack) kalhualin thu an lo tiam a. South Lushai Hills aiawhte pawhin 1942, April 16 ah Lungleiah thu an tiam ve ta bawk a ni.

Kum 1944 a lo hrechhuah chuan Allied Force te chuan Europe lamah hma an sawn ta hle a. German kut aṭangin Belgium leh France te pawh an la let ta a. Atlantic tuipui leh Baltic tuipuiah German ho chu an dang char ve mek bawk a. German khawpui Berlin pawh Allied Force te chuan an rawn dai ta a. 1945, April ni 30 chuan Adolf Hitler leh a bialnu Eva Brown te chuan an tawm rukna leihnuai pindanah chuan ‘Tiam tlat e’ an ti a. He an inneihna hi hriatpuitu an tam lo hle a. An inneih aṭanga minute reiloteah chuan an pahnihin an inkaphlum ta a ni.

Hitler ber a boral takah chuan kil tina German sipai la chambangte pawh an inpe ta zel a. Europe ah chuan indona chu a tawp ta a ni. Allied Force ten Europe a hnehna an chan takah chuan Allied Force lam tang ram 50 aiawhte chuan 1945, June 25-26 ah San Francisco, USA ah United Nations Conference an nei a. Atlantic Charter zulzui khan an thil tum (Aims & Objectives) duangin United Nations Organisation (U.N.O) an din ta a ni. United Nation Organisation din champha ‘Day of United Nations’ atan U.N.O official a a function ni 24, Oct. 1945 hman a ni.

Khawchhak lam ral Japan kha a la tlawm ve lova. 1945, August ni 6 zingah chuan American Bomber, Major Charles Sweeney khalh chuan Japan Khawpui Hiroshima chu a thlawh hual mek a. Japan sanaa zing dar 7:45 a nih chuan khawvelin an la tawn ngai loh ‘Little boy’ an tih Atom Bomb chu Hiroshima ah chuan thlak a ni ta a. Mihring 80,000 chuang an thi nghal a. A ni thumna 1945, August ni 9 ah chuan Japan Navy hmunpui Nagasaki ah Atom Bomb pahnihna chu thlak a nil eh ta a. 1945, August ni 14-ah chuan Japan Emperor Hirohito chuan Japan chu intiamkam awm lova tlawmna (Unconditional Surrender) chu a puang a. September ni 2-ah Japan sawrkar aiawh (Representative) te chuan Tokyo Bay-ah U.S. indo lawng lian ‘Missouri’ ah Japan tlawmna chu an ziak fel ta a ni.

Atlantic Charter tihhlawhtlinna
Hetia Allied Force indonaa an chak tak avang hian Atlantic Charter kha tihlawhtling turin hma lak nghal a nit a a. Kan thenawm ram India, Burma leh Pakistan te pawh ram zalen (Independence) an lo nit a a ni. Hetah hian Mizoram pawh duhthlang thei kan ni ve a. Mahse kan pi leh pute khawhawi a la tawiin, kan ram a thlaler si a. Duhthlan dan pawh an la thiam lo a ni.

British Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill khan Tribal Area Foreign Jurisdiction Act anga Foreign Department ina a awp ram (Excluded Area) te British awpna hnuaia awm rihna tur (Crown Colony) ruahmanna siam turin Oxford University, History Head of Department, Sir Reginald Couplan chu a ti a. Hei hi ‘Couplan Plan’an tih kha a ni. He plan hi tihpuitlin a nih hmain British Parliament inthlanah Winston Churchill chu Clement R.Atlee in a hneh ta si a. British sawrkarna changtu an inthlak tak avangin hma lak zui a ni ta lo a ni.

Mizoram Independence Movement
Kum 1958 ah chuan kum 50 dan zela thlasik anga khellova thleng ṭhin mautam ‘Ṭampui Mitthi’ chu Mizoramah a lo thleng leh ta a. Nunau ei tur neilo riltam an chiau vawng vawng a, Zoram pum chu rilṭamna leh manganna in a tuam a ni. Min awptu India sawrkar aṭangin chhawmdawlna mumal dawn a awm lova. Mizo mipuite manganna chu tlem tala sutkian theihna kawng a awm dah lawmaw tiin Laldenga leh a thiante chuan ‘Mizo National Famine Front’ an din ta a. India sawrkar leh Assam State sawrkarah Mizoram (Lushai Hills) District in Mautam a tuarna te an zuk thlen a. An thu zuk thlente chu “Hmanlai thawnthu mai mai’ tiin an lo bengkhawn ṭha duh lova.

Laldenga te chuan Mizote dinhmun chu ngun taka an ngaihtuahin, mihring nuai tlemte an ni a. Ṭhenawm rama hnamdang lian pui puite chuan ti ringawta an awm chuan an la chimral mai dawn a ni tih hriatna, him tawk lova inhriatna (insecurity) an nei ta a ni. Chutia Mizote dinhmun hlauhawm takah a ding mek tih hria a an awm mek laiin kum 1960 chuan UNO in a member ram te an ram awp chhuah zalenna tur (dicolonisation) a rawn puang ta a.

He U.N thupuan hi Laldengate khan an lo hria a. Mahse, kan ram awmna a kilkhawrin, thu chiang zawk hriat theihna tur sap chanchinbu emaw pawhin a thleng pha lova. BBC leh VOA Radio aṭangte mai lo chuan khawvel thilthleng hriatna a awm lo a ni. Khati chung khan Laldengate khan U.N.O beng kan thlen ve theih nan, Mizo hnam chu awpbeha awm mek a ni tih an hriat theih nana tlangau ve turin 1961, October ni 22 ah “Mizo National Front” (MNF) an din ta a ni. MNF chuan India sawrkar hruaitu an biak theih ang ang biain, Mizote dinhmun tur an sawipui zel a. 1965, October ni 30 ah chuan Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri hnenah Memorandum an thehlut a. Laldenga, President leh S.Lianzuala, General Secretary ten hming an sign a. Mi ṭhenkhat ten MNF hotute chu Thlamram aṭanga U.N.O be thei ti a nuihza siam nana hmang ṭhinte hian, Laldengate hian an chhun mumang mai an sawi lo tih hria se, zaka kun reng tur an ni.

Hetianga thu leh hla hmanga India sawrkar nen tharum tel lova dawhkan hmaa Mizote dikna leh chanvo nei tura sawifel theih an beisei lai hian, sipai tam tak rawn tirh luh a, Mizote dikna leh chanvo neih tuma hma la apiangte man khawm a, engmah sawi thei lova hrenbeh vek an tumna chu, Laldengate chuan kut lukhima lo hmachhawn ringawt chi a ni lo tih an hmuthlang ve si a. Mahni dikna pawh sawi thei lo leh sawi ngam lova an hren beh vek chuan, Mizoram leh hnam tan ralhlenna a ni dawn tih an hria a ni.

Mizoram Independence puan a ni
Laldengate khan engkawng pawh zawh dawn se, Mizo mipuiten Mizote dikna leh chanvo chu an hriat chian a pawimawh a ni tih an hria a. Mizoram dungtluanah theihtawp chhuahin an tlangaupui ta a ni. India sawrkar khan U.N.O thupuan kha a hrechiang em em a, chuvangin Laldengate thusawipui kha a ngam lo niin a lang. A let a lingin eng emaw chhuanlamin Pu Laldenga kha manin Silchar jail-ah a khung a. Laldenga te thusawi kha Mizo lehkhathiam thil chinchang hre pha 90% dawn lai ten dik tia MNF Movement an zawm zel tih a hriat avangin mipui tihṭhaih nana an ruahman niin a lang.

India sawrkar chuan Mizoramah January, 1966 khan 18th Battalion Assam Rifles te a rawn tir lut ṭan ta a. Mizo National Front, High Command chuan ngun taka an ngaihtuah hnu chuan Mizoram chu amaha duhthlang thei a ni a. Mizofa chhuan lo la kal zel turten hmasawnna an neih theih nan te, Mizo hnam kan nih anga kan dinchhuah ve theih nan, siamtu Pathian rinchhanin “Pathian leh kan ram tan” tiin 1966, March ni 1 (zanlai) ah chuan ‘Mizoram Independence’ chu Laldenga, President chuan a puang ta a ni.

MNF Volunteer te chuan Aizawl, Lunglei, Champhai leh khaw engemaw zat a India Sipai Camp te chu an kap ta nghal a, Champhai leh Lunglei an la a. India sawrkar chuan Jet Fighter rawn tirin nunau pawisawi lo ten nen lam a rawn bei a, sipai tam zawk a rawn tirh belh zel a. Mizoram chu Indona hmun alo chang ta a ni.

Zosangliana (Zotea)