MAHATMA GANDHI TE CHHUNGKAW CHANCHIN

India rama cheng kan nih avangin he kan chenna rama ‘Hnam Pa’ tia koh leh hriat lar, Mahatma Gandhi piancham vawi 152-na (Gandhi Jayanti) pual hian an chhungkaw chanchin i han chhui dawn teh ang u.

A nu leh pa
‘India Hnam Pa’ tia koh Mahatma Gandhi hi a hmingpum chu Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi a ni a, kum 18962 vawiin ni angah khan Gujarat khawthlang lama tuifinriat kama awm Porbandar-ah a lo piang a, a pa chu Karamchand Gandhi a ni a, a nu chu Putlibai Gandhi a ni. A pa Karamchand hi an awmna khua Probandar chhuahsanin khaw te zawk Rajkot-ah a nupui fanaute chu a pempui a, chutah chuan Chief minister (Dewan) hna a thawk ṭhin a ni. Karamchand Gandhi hian nupui vawi 4 a nei hman a, a nupui hmasa pathum te chuan an boralsan vek a, a nupui hnuhnung ber Putlibai Gandhi nen hian fa – mipa 3 leh hmeichhia 1 an nei a, chung an fate zingah chuan Mahatma Gandhi hi a naupang ber a ni.

Mahatma Gandhi Pa Karamchand Gandhi hi kum 63 mi niin kum 1885 khan a boral a, a nu Putlibai thung hi chu an pa thih aṭanga kum 6 a liam hnu kum 1891 khan kum 47 mi niin a boral thung a ni. A nu hi Hindu sakhaw ruh tak a ni a, an sakhaw puithunate pawh ngaipawimawh tak a nih avangin, Mahatma Gandhi saprama lehkhazir tura a kal dawn pawh khan a remti lo hle a, Sapho nundan anga a awm ve mai a hlau a ni. Mahatma Gandhi pa hi Chief minister (Dewan) ni mah se, an awmna khua a tet avangin mi hausa tia sawi tur anni lo a, an khaw lalpa Thakur Sahib an a hlawh tur an pek bak sum leh pai lakluhna hranpa a neih loh avangin a rualpawl tawkin an khawsa ve thei chauh zawk a ni.

High Sikul a zirlaiin nupui a nei
An awmna khua Rajkot-ah chuan Mahatma Gandhi chuan zirna bul ṭanin High Sikul thleng a zir a, zirlai a la nih lai mekin kum 13 a nih kumin a chhungten nupui an neihsak a, a nupui hming chu Kasturbai Gandhi a ni. An awmna ramah hian kum tling loa nupui pasal neih hi thil mak a ni hran lo a, nu leh pate'n an fate nupui pasal tur hi inhriatthiamnain an sawirem mai ṭhin a ni. Mahatma Gandhi hian ama chanchin a ziakna lehkhabuah pawh ti hian a ziak a, “Chutih hun lai chuan inneihna kha a awmzia tak tak kan la hrethiam lo a, kan tan chuan kawr thar hakna hun te, thil tui eina hun leh chhung leh khatte nena intihlimna ni angah kan ngai mai,” tiin a sawi nghe nghe. Kum tling loa innei an nih avangin an hnam tihdan angin, a nupui pawh chu a nu leh pa in lamah a la awm tam zawk a, nupa angin an awm nghal mai lo a ni. A hnu lama a sawi dan chuan Mahatma Gandhi hian a nupui hi a ngai thei viau a ni awm e.

A nupui neih vanga kum 1 a chawlh hnuin zirna a chhunzawm leh a, kum 1887 khan Ahmedabad aṭangin High Sikul a zir zo ta a ni. A kum leh 1888-ah Bhavnagar-ah Samaldas College-ah a zir zawm a, mahse zir zo loin an khuaah a haw leh rih a, chumi kum September thla chuan London-ah dan zir turin a kal ta a ni.

Fanau rochante
Mahatma Gandhi-te nupa hi a tir lam chuan fanauah an tluang lo hle a, an fa hmasa pahnihte chu an nausen laiin an sun phawt a, a hnu kum 1888 kumah an fa dam zinga a upa ber Harilal chu a piang ta chauh a, chumi hnuah fapa hlir pathum Manilal, Ramdas leh Devdas te an nei leh a ni.

Harilal Gandhi
An fa upa ber Harilal Gandhi hi a pain London-a lehkha a zir lai hian a nu nen India-ah an awm a, India-in zalenna a sual tirh lam khan a inhmang nasa ve ṭhin a, vawi ruk lai lung inah khung a ni. A pa anga saprama dan zuk zir ve a chak a, mahse a pa chuan sapho mizia a hriat chian tawh em avangin a phal ta lo a. Hemi avang hian Harilal hian a chhungte lakah lungawi lovin an chhungkua a chhuahsan ta a ni. Harilal hian kum 1906-ah Gulab Gandhi chu nupuiah a nei a, fanu pahnih leh fapa pathum an nei a ni. A nupui hian kum 1918-ah a boralsan a, a nupui thih hnu hian a nupui laizawnnu neih leh a tum a, mahse an innei thei ta lo. Hengte avang hian a fanaute pawh a malmak ta vek a, a nun a uluk lo chho a, zu ngawl a vei chho ta hial a ni. A pa Mahatma Gandhi vui ni pawhin chawrche takin a kal ve a, mi hriat a hlawh lo hle a ni. Islam sakhuaah te a inlet renrawn a, a nu ngenna avangin kum 1936 khan Hindu-ah a inlet leh a ni. Kum 1948 khan a pa thih aṭanga thla linaah ngawr natnain a boral ta a ni. A thih dawna damdawiina a awm lai hian Mahatma Gandhi fapa a ni tih a sawi chhuak ngai lo a, a thih hnuah a chhungte'n damdawiinah a boral tih an hre chauh a ni. A pa khan a damlai khan Harilal-a awm ṭha duh lo lutuk hi buaithlak a ti ve ṭhin hle a, lehkha a thawnah pawh a nunchang ṭha lo chu India zalenna sual ai pawhin a harsa zawk a ti hial a ni.

Manilal Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi te fa upa ber dawttu Manilal Gandhi hi kum 1892 ah Rajkot ah a piang a, kum 1897 ah a pa South Africa-a awm mek chu an zuk fin a, chutah chuan a pain eizawnna hna a thawhte a pui ṭhin a ni. Kum 1917 aṭangin a pain bul a lo ṭan tawh Gujarati-English kar tin chanchinbu ‘Indian Opinion’ chu a enkawlpui a, kum 1920 aṭangin Editor hna thawk ta a ni. Kum 1927 ah Sushila Mashruwala nen inneiin fanu pahnih leh fapa pakhat an nei a ni. A pa hnung zuiin Kumpinu sawrkarin South Africa thiltih dik lo te an dodal ṭhin a, lung inah vawi tam tak a tang a ni. A boral thlengin ‘Indian Opinion’ chanchinbu editor hna a thawk a, Phoenix, South Africa-ah kum 1956 khan boral ta a ni.

Ramdas Gandhi
Ani hi kum 1897 khan Mahatma Gandhi te fa pathumna ni turin South Africa-a Colony of Natal-ah a lo piang a, ani hi a chanchin sawi tur a tam lo hle a, a nu leh pa leh a unaute kalsanin aman ṭha a tih angin a nun a hmang chho a ni. A nupui Nirmala nen inneiin, fa pathum hmeichhia pahnih leh mipa pakhat an nei a ni. South Africa-a seilian a nih avangin mahni nawmsakna pawh pawisa lo a, India rama rethei taka khawsak a pain a sawi mawi chu a pawm lo hle ṭhin a ni. Chuti chung chung chuan a pa hnung zuiin zalenna sualnaahte a tel ve tho a, lung inah vawi tam tak a tan ṭhin avangin a hriselna pawhin a tuar hle. A pa duhdan angina a pa ruang halna mei dep kaituah a nau Devdas nen an ṭang dun a ni. Kum 72 mi niin kum 1969 khan Pune-ah a boral ta a ni.

Devdas Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi te fa tlum ber Devdas Gandhi hi kum 1900 khan South Africa-ah a lo piang a, a puitlin hnuah India ramah a rawn pem a, a pate'n zalenna an sualna kawngah pawh a ṭawiawm ve ṭhin a ni. Chanchinbu enkawlna lamah inhmangin Hindustan Times chanchinbu Editor a ni ṭhin a ni. A pain zalenna a sualpui C. Rajagopalachari fanu Lakshmi nen an inngaizawng a, a bialnu chu a la naupan deuh avangin an nu leh pate'n kum nga dang an nghahtir hnuah an innei a, fapa pathum leh hmeichhia pakhat an nei a ni. An fate chu - Rajmohan Gandhi (Historian, Writer & Politician), Gopalkrishna Gandhi (IAS Retd, former Diplomat & former Governor of West Bengal & Bihar), Ramchandra Gandhi (Professor & Philosopher) leh Tara Gandhi Bhattacharjee (Writer & Social activist) te an ni.

Heng kan sawi aṭangte hian Mizote'n kan hriat tam em em loh leh sikul zirlaibu vela kan hmuh ngai vak loh ‘India Hnam Pa” Mahatma Gandhi te chhungkaw chanchin tlangpui chu kan hre thei awm e. A chanchin kan sawi mek, vawiina India-in a piancham kum 152-na kan hman mek ni bawk, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Mahatma) chuan theihtawpa a lo sual ve ṭhin India zalenna chu a hmang ṭan dawn chauh tiin, kum 1948 January ni 30 tlai lam dar 5:17 khan, New Delhi Birla House kawt zawlah, vanduaithlak takin misual pakhat Nathuram Godse chuan a kaphlum ta a ni.

- Dr. Lalzarzoa, Dept. of History, Gov’t. J. Buana College, Lunglei