Temami Pa thukhawchang (Ṭheka-A INSAK LEH A BEHBAWM)

Tichuan, thingzai tlawn khat chu i tan bun hnua i remkhawm chu a dung foot khat, a vang foot khat, a san zawng foot khat bawk an ni ta a, a eng zawng pawh chuan foot khat a ni ta vek a. A dung, a vang leh san zawng foot khat ṭheuh an nih tak avangin cubic foot khat an ni ta a ni. Hetiang chiah hian thingphel feet 12 a sei foot khata tan zawh chu han tiang chho la, a chung ami ang chiah khi a ni veleh ang (4” x 4” pawh ni se tlawn khat sawi nana kan hman cubic khat kan tih fo lo chhuahdan a ni - camping chhuak leh chhuak lo kristiante tunlai thingzai te hi la tling tak maw?).

Tichuan, thinglam kaihhnawih hna reng reng, in chung rel, bangrel, chhuatphah, kaldung, kalte, kawngka biang leh kawngka, tukverh, veltilators zawng zawng te chu cubic metre (cum) veka hnathawh tam lam hi teh a ni.(4” x 3”, cubic foot khat kan tih hi metric system (sawrkar rate siamnaah) chuan 0.027 cum a ni. cubic metre khatah hian 27cubic feet a awm anih chu.) Chumi awmzia chu 4” x 3” tlawn 37 vel hi cubic metre (cum) khat a ni tihna a ni mai.

(b) Lung/ brick rem: Hetah bawk hian lung lam hnaah pawh cubic lung kan tih fo pawh hi a dung, a vang leh a chhah zawng foot khat vek tihna a ni a, tunlaia kan lung hi chu engtia sawi tur nge ka hre lo. Tunhma cubic lung kan tih ṭhinah kha chuan lung 37/38 vel hi cubic metre khatah rem ngai an ni, tuna kan lung hi a size mumal tak pawh a awm meuh lo, ‘duh dan dana chher size’ an ni berin ka hria. Engpawhnise, lung/ brick rem a dung, a vang leh a chhah zawng metre system-a teh chhuah (1m x1mx1m) chu cubic metre a ni mai a, ‘cubic metre (cum) khat man zelah’ tiin sum ngai tur chhut ṭhin a ni. A dung 4m, a vang (chhah zawng) 2 m leh a sanzawng 3 m a nih chuan 24cum (6 x 2 x 4) a ni ta a, cum khat rate Rs 150/cum a nih chuan 24cum man chu Rs 3600/- a ni ang.

(c) Leilaih,leimin paih fai, bankhur laih adt: Leivung kan laih chhuah chu bawmrang, a dung meter 1(ft 3), a vang meter 1 leh a sang zawng metre 1 (1m x 1m x 1m) ah dahin a khat tawk tur a ni, hei hi 1 cubic metre (cum) chu a ni. (cubic feet ang zawnga sawi dawn chuan metre 1 hi feet 3 nen inhena ngaih a nih vangin 27cubic ft a ni ang : 3ft x 3 ft x 3 ft). He tehfung bawk hi tuiluankawr concrete hmanga siamah te, RCC chhuat, foundations, ban leh beam-ah te hman an nih bakah Plain Cement Concrete (PCC - iron rod hmang lo concrete) hna te, leirawhchan remah te, tuizem RCC hmanga siamah te hman a ni.

(d) Plaster hna: Hei hi chu square metre (1m x 1 m) bial anga a rate hi chhut a ni (3ft x 3ft =9 sq ft), nimahsela plaster chhah zawng chi hrang hrang a awm bakah plaster nana cement leh balu inchawhpawlh dan chi hrang hrang a awm angin rate hrang hrang an nei thung.

(e) Inchung chih, tile/ plywood bang pin, tile chhuat phah: Inchung chih tur leh pindan bang siam a nih dawn chuan a rel siam a ngai phawt a, chung rel te chu thing hmanga siam an nih avangin cubic metre (cum)-a rate nei an ni a. Nimahsela, inchung leh bang/ partition wall te pawh square meter (sqm) in rate chhut an ni.

(f) Steel, Alluminium, Ceiling etc hna: Hengho hi sqm te, running metre(rm) te leh a rih zawng angtea rate nei hrang an ni bawk.

(g) Horticulture & landscaping: Hmunhma han cheimawina tura pangpar leh thing phun ang chi te, bawlhhlawh han paihna khur laih te, thingphunna tura leilaih leh leiha hmanga khur siam te pawh a la awm cheu a, heng hi sqm te, a number te, a cum te in rate a awm leh vek a ni.

(h) Marble & granite hna: Hei pawh hi building item pawna awm chi, kawtkaia phah te pawh rate fel taka chhut a awm a ni.

Hengho hi a RCC/ PCC baka a tlanglawn an ni a, tunah chuan RCC kan luhchilh tawh ang:-

Re-inforced Cement Concrete(RCC) leh Plain Cement Concrete(PCC): Cement, tiauvut (balu) leh rawra te tui hmanga chawhpawlh hi PCC tih a ni a, Iron rod a tel ve chuan RCC tih an ni veleh mai. Tunlaia ṭheka lar tak RCC work hi square feet hian vaiho hian an thawh thin dan tlanglawn ber a ni. RCC hnathawhna naah hian hmanraw hrang hrang inzawmkhawm an ni a, hnathawhna rate-ah erawh chuan cum(cubic metre) hman a ni, square feet (sq ft)-a vaihoin ṭheka rate an siam hi khawi atanga an chhut nge tih ka hrethiam lo, ka hrethiam hlawl lo.

RCC hnaah chuan iron rod leh a tawnna binding wire bakah shuttering board (kan concrete chhun tur lo fun khawmtu) an tel ngei ngei a. Vaiho rate ah chuan RCC hna te, brick rem te, plaster hnate chenin sq ft vekin rate an siam a, an Engineering college chhuahna hriat a chakawm khawp mai.

A ṭhenah phei chuan chhuat phah zawng zawng te an telh thul, a ṭhen erawh chuan chhuat a tile phah chu rate hran te an nei bawk a. Engpawhnise, chhuat phah man hi a hmanraw man tel hauh loin mihring tha (labour charge), contractor hlep nen veka telin PWD analysis of rates-ah chuan chhut a ni.

RCC leh PCC ah hian, 1:1:2, 1:1.5:3, 1:2:4, 1:3:6, 1:4:8 leh 1:5:10 tih mix an awm a, kan hman tlanglawn tak 1:2:4 ah chuan cement kg 1, tiauvut (balu) kg 2 leh rawra kg 4 tui hmanga chawhpawlh tur a ni. Tui pawh hi litre mamawh zat chhut sa-a telh tur a ni.

Mix hrang hrang khian cement bag khat (50Kg) ah tui an mamawh dan (litre-in) a inang lo vek a. 1:2:4 ah khian a tam berah 30 litres vel a ni tur a ni a, chumi aia tam kan telh chuan a chakna tura design a pha lo tan ang. Tui tih tlem lutuk chuan hawlh muk a har a, tihmuk that loh chuan a chak lo leh tho bawk a ni. Concrete chawhpawlh nawm nana tui pawlh vak vak hi a him loh dan kan sawi tawh a, tin, heibakah hian plaster hna atana mortar emaw concrete chhun tur tui nena duhang thlapa kan chawhpawlh tawh hi darkar chanve chhunga hman zawh ngei ngei tur a ni. Hmang zo hman loa a lo khal deuh vanga tui kan telh leh vak hi tih hauh loh tur a ni.

A va ngaihnawm em, thil ka hriat belh ta teuh mai, concrete chawh tui pur mai chu khawih a nawm hmel viau naa a lo hlauhawm thei dawn zia ka hriat thar thu ka sawi hnu chuan a la chhunzawm ta cheu a.

‘Tihian a hmawr bawk dawn chhin teh ang:-

(a) In pumpui sak ṭheka: Insak tur chu design leh estimate PWD SOR hmangin a thiamte kan tihtir ang a, chu chu kan hnathawktu tur ten an hre tur a ni lo.

Heta estimate chhuahah hian contractor hlep tur 15% a tel nghal a, chu chu hmanraw engkim contractor in a tum tur a ni. Hetianga a vaia an thawh chuan estimate atanga an help tur khi 15% kan phal chuan kan thawh tir mai thei a. Chuti niloa an hlep tur khi estimate atanga designer in a hlawh tur percentage a lak hnuah contractor hlep tur chu i phal zat percentage i tuk mai ang.

Entirnan i in sak man tur chu contractor hlep tur vek nen Rs 115/- lo ni ta se, designer chuan 5% a lak tur chu estimate chhunga contractor hlep pawna estimate siam laia hriat lawkloh hnathawh tel ngai tana (work charge & contingencies) 5% atangin i theh chhuak a, contractor/builder in hlep nena a thawh tur pawisa ngai zat khi a ti buai lo. Tichuan, contractor hlep tur 15% tel miah loa hnathawhna man chu Ra 100/- a ni ta a ni.

Tihian contractor help tura i ruahman chu 5% ni ta se, i In sak hna chu Rs 105.00 in I zuar dawn anih chu. I In sa tur chuan 8% tal hlep a tum chuan Rs 108/- tal ni rawh se tiin a dawn che a, in in remsiamna ang chuan hna chu a kutah i dah ta tawp mai a, a chhiat leh thatah mawh an phur nghal a ni, Nimahsela, I foundation te chu estimate-a a thuk zawng tur angin an lai em, concrete foundation an chhun chu cement,balu leh rawra te inchawhpawlh dan tur proportion ang a ni em, (concrete hnaa cement, balu, rawra leh tui te chu anih zat tur ang an hmang em?) tih viltu i neih a ngai.

I In satu chuan I en loh laiin concrete in chawhpawlh dan tur estimate aia chhe zawk, a ma tana hlep tha zawk turin a thawk thei a, chu chu vil an ngai. Hna hrang hrang estimate-a thawh dan tur tih anga an thawh leh thawh loh lo endiktu tur kha 15% a hlep tur atanga I nawr hniamna pawisa I sum kar atang khian i chhawr ve a tul ang. Chuti niloa nagmahin i enpui hman dawn anih chuan supervision charge khi i hlawh ve mai dawn tihna a ni.

Hei tak hi vai ho chuan i In area, drawing atanga an en khan floor area atangin an ṭheka dan tur an hisap ve thin a, an hlep tur percentage i bituk aia sang daih, estimate-a 15% ai tam an hlep chhuak thei thin.

(b) Itemwise ṭheka: Hetah hi chuan item hrang hrang- foundation, ban, beam, slab(chhuat) ang chi-ah hian Vai ho chuan sq.ft in hna an thawk thin. Hei tak hi a ni thil awmze nei loa kan pawisa min ei vak vak thinna chu a ni. Foundation,ban, beam, slab leh brick hmanga bang rem te chu PWD analysis of rate hmang-a hnathawktu tha man (labour charge) tur chu designer leh estimate siamtu hnen atang chuan designer/ consultation charge i pek hma in dil la, hei hi design leh estimate an siam laiin chhut sak tura inremna (agreement) siam puia sawi sa tur a ni.

(c) Plinth area method : Hei hi PWD SOR ah hian a awm thlap a, a awmzia chu In kan sak tur chu a hmunhma siamrem atanga tui leh electric connection thlenga peihfel tura In sak tur area atanga In man tur chhutna a ni. Kan In sak tur chu a chhawng tam lam a zirin chhawng hran hran, a hnuai ber atanga a chhawng chung ber thlenga sakna tur hian rate mumal tak chhutchhuah a ni. Entirnan, chhawng thum I sak dawn chuan a hnuai ber (Ground Floor)chhawng khatna (first floor) adt tiin a area man (Rs per sq metre) in In chi hrang hrang Assam Type, Semi-Permanent leh RCC tan a awm vek a. Tin, chu In sak turin a kentel hrang hrang tarlan tel a ni bawk.

Hei tak mai hi tunlaia vaihoin an ṭheka rate atana hisapna tlawhchhan chu a ang viau a ni. Mahse, a In pumpui maia sq ft hmanga rate an han siam ve ngawt dan hi ka la hrethiam pha chuang reng reng lo.

Him leh nuam, tha leh tlo-a In kan sakna turin Aizawl Municipal Council (‘A’MC, ‘E’MC ni lo) chuan an hnuaia in ziaklut Engineer leh Architech te drawing leh design tello chuan In sak ve ngawt an rem ti tawh lo, heng Engineer leh Architech te ruai hian In sa ila, sum tlem zawk hmangin him leh tlo taka chenna tur In kan sa dawn a ni.

A tihian tlangkawmna thubelh ka han nei teh ang:-

Tunlaia iron rod size dik lo dawrah an zawrh thu a lar hle mai, a bikin Mizo Dawr vai nghah, iron rod chaklo chi zuar an tam thu a lar hle, In sa tur ten uluk taka kan In sakna hmanruate kan lei a ngai hle mai. Hman deuhah khan Mizo dawr-a iron rod rate ka zawh naah “10mm size te chi a awm a, hei hi chu tlawn khat man a tlawm deuh bik” tia min hrilh chu mak ti hian ka meng phar awn awn mai. 10mm na na na size te chi chu an nei anih chuan 12mm,16mm,20mm te pawh an neih a rinawm khawp mai.

Central YMA hmalaknain Iron rod size hrang hrang foot khat a sei rihzawng tur Iron rod zuar dawrah ka hmu a, ka hriat ve dan nen a inang chiah lo deuh a. Mithiam ten lehkhabua-a an ziah leh engineer/ designer/ consultant ten an hmandan chu hetiang hi a ni:-

(Inch khat rate i hriat duh chuan foot khat rate khi 12 in sem mai la)

Tichuan, entirna ti hian han nei leh ila:- Iron rod 12mm dia(sut4) size i lei dawn chuan dawr nghaktu chuan a rate neih dan a sawi tur chu ‘quintal-ah Rs 5300/- (Kg khat man Rs 53/- tihna) emaw tlawn khat cheng chuti zah’ an ti ang. Tin, iron rod bundle khatah tlawn awm zat I zawt ang a, bundle khat rih zawng chu buk theih a ni ta. Bundle khata tlawn khat seizawng kha han teh la, a chunga table ang khian han chhut la, tlawn khat rihzawng tur chu i hre mai niloin bundle khat rihzawng tur chu I chhut thei ta (Maths ka thiam lo tih chi a ni lo, puntir thiam lo tawp pachang/ nuchang awm thu awm suh) Tlawn khat rate tur kha an sawi hma-in an lo buk diam tawh a, Kg khat rate an hriat khiau tawh avangin a tlawna lei khan a kg/ qntl-a lei nen a rate a thuhmun ang. Mahse, hei hi hriat reng tur- bukna an hman kha a fel hleh avangin a tlawna lei tir che kha an tum ang, i duh anih chuan tlawn khat seizawng atangin a rihzawng i hria a. A rihzawng i hriat chu Quintal rate an sawi atanga Kg khat rate i hriat khan puntir leh mai ta la.

‘A hmawr ka bawk thei dawn lo, nidangah thudang kan la sawi chhunzawm dawn nia, balu teh tling lo chungchang pawh hi sawi tham a awm’ a tih takah chuan kan inthen ta rih a. Ṭheka-a hna hrang hrang thawh tum tana hraittur pawimawhte chu tihian mipui nawlpuiin kan hriat ka beisei. Temami Pa thukhawchang dang lo ngaichang leh phawt mai ang u.

- R.Lalrinkima, Hidden Lodge