Topic: Antimicrobial Resistance India hmarchhak state te dinhmun leh a thlendan
Kamkeuna:
Antimicrobial kan tih chu damdawi eng pawh, natna thlentu mit lawnga hmuh tham loh natna hrik heng bacteria, virus, fungi, protozoa leh a dangte ho do nana kan hman thin hi a ni a. Chung damdawite chuan natna hrik te chu hna thawk thei loin a siam emaw, a tihlum emaw ṭhin a ni.
Chung damdawi (Antimicrobial) te hi 1940 vel aṭang khan hman ṭan ni in, mihring leh ran damlo enkawlnan tam takin hmasawnna kan hmuh theih phah a ni. Mihring leh rana natna do nan leh nunna hlu tak chhan nan a ṭangkai mai piah lamah ei leh bara intodelh kawngah te, chaw leh thlai hrisel neihna kawngah te leh him leh hrisel zawka ranvulh hmanga mi harsa zawkte dinhmun chawikanna kawngah te a pawimawhin a ṭangkai em em a ni.
A chunga kan sawi tak he’ng bacteria, fungi, parasites leh virus hote’n an nihphung thlakin, a hmaa damdawi an huat em em te kha an lo haw tawh ṭhin ta lo a, chu tak chu Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emaw Drug resistance emaw kan tih chu a ni. Hemi awmzia chu mihring emaw ran taksa-ah natna hrik thahna tura siam damdawi khan hna a thawk thei tawh lo ni lovin, natna hrik te zawk kha he damdawi hian a tihlum theilo ta zawk a ni.
Antimicrobial resistance in nghawng a neih te: Natna hrik in damdawi huat lohna (AMR) mihringte, ranvulh leh kan chheh vel a nghawng a neih hi buaipui tham ani tawh a. Ran leh mihring dam lote tana damdawi kan pek/damdawi kan ei ṭhin aṭang pawh hian ran leh mihring teah bacteria te’n AMR hi an lo neih phah mai bakah ran leh mihring thli (sewage and faeces) aṭangin lei (soil) leh tuiahte thlengin AMR hi a darh ṭhin a ni. Marana’n kum 2013 a zirchiannaah chuan AMR tam chhan chu ranvulhte-ah kum tamtak chhung damdawi (antimicrobial) hman nasat vang a ni tih a hmuchhuak. Tin, ran-ek leiṭha atana huan/Lo a hmante leh ran tlachhuak ek aṭang tein AMR hi tuiah a darh phah bawk.
Chutiang a infinkhawm annih avangin an insiam danglam ve hret hret zel a, tuiah hian damdawi haw thei lo chi bacteria chi hrang hrang hmuhchhuah an ni mek reng a ni. Hei vang hian khawvel pum huap pawhin bacteria vanga natna hoah damdawi pekdan tur thlengin a buaithlak chho em em a ni.
Mithiamte pawhin he AMR ṭobul leh a darh chhohdan hi an hre chiah bik lo a, chuvangin he buaina hi kawng khat aṭanga sutkian theih chi a ni lo a, kawng hrang hrang aṭanga beihrawn a kalphung ṭha tak leh awmze nei taka damdawi hman a ngai a ni.
Lalhruaipuii leh a thawhpuite chuan 2019 khan hmarchhak state ṭhenkhat Mizoram, Assam, Manipur leh Meghalaya-ah te mihring, ran leh tui aṭanga MDR-STEC inkaichhawn theihdan an zirchianna an tichhuak a. Vawk kawṭhalo, vawk enkawltu leh tui 219 aṭanga an ek zirchianna neih ani a, hetah hian natna hrik zinga pakhat Escherichia coli hi thlur bing a ni.
He vawk khawṭhalo enkawlnan a damdawi hman chi hrang hrang te hnathawhdan zirchianna neih a ni bawk a. He zirchianna aṭang hian 337 (67.94%) E. coli-te chu antimicrobial damdawi in a thah theihloh te an ni a, chung zingah chuan 211 (66.98%) chu vawkah ani a, abak zawng 117 (70.91%) leh 9 (56.25%) te chu mihring leh tui aṭangin a ni.
Damdawi chi hrang hrang hman zingah hian, damdawi ṭha tak Imipenem (Carbapenem) takngial pawh hi 12.69% laiin vawkah hna a thawklo a ni. Zirchian zawng zawng aṭangin 12.90 % (64) te chu tur hlauhawm tak pai STEC (Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli) an ni a, chung zingah chuan 48 (9.68%) te chu mihringah an ni a, abak 6 (1.21%) leh 10 (2.02%) te chu vawkah leh tui ah te an ni.
He zirchianna aṭang hian India hmarchhak ram aṭanga mihring, ran leh tui aṭanga tur hlauhawm tak pai sample lakchhuah te chuan damdawi huat lohna an nei ngei tih hmuhchhuah ani a. MDR (Multi-Drug resistant) kan tih mai damdawi chi hrang hrang pawh haw lo an awm hi thil serious tak niin, ngaihtuah zui a pawimawh hle.
Thil nung pakhat ni si natna thlen thei leh damdawi haw lo an awmte hi helai hmun vela mihring leh ran vulhte hriselna kawngah thui takin harsatna a thlen thei a ni.
Tihtur leh tihlohtur te:
1. Doctor in a chawh damdawi chauh hman tur a ni.
2. Natna lanchuah tawhloh hnuah pawh, damdawi course kim a pek emaw ei ngei ngei tur a ni. Anihlohchuan, natna hrik damdawi hawzual bik chauhte tihlumin, natna hrik dang ti punlun in damdawi huatlohna a in siamthei a ni.
3. Damdawi te hi in hman tawm lovin a hmaa damdawi hlui te hman chhunzawm loh tur a ni.
4. A ṭul anih loh chuan Doctor-te damdawi in chawh luih tir tur a ni lo.
5. Natna hrik do na kawngah mitin te mahni taksa leh kan chhehvel te tihfai that tur a ni.
6. Natna laka kan fihlim theihnan vaccine ngaih pawimawh tur ani a, hei hian damdawi hman nasat tur lakah min veng bawk a ni.
- Dr. Lalhruaipuii, Scientist (Vety. Microbiology), Dr. David H. Beihroly, YP-II ICAR-RC for NEH Region, Mizoram Centre, Kolasib-796081