AGRICULTURE BUH LEH THLAIA INTODELH NAN

Mihring mamawh hmasa ber chu taksa ṭhanlenna leh hrisêlna atana ei tur buh leh thlai hi a ni. In leh lo ṭha pui pui nei khir uaihin, motor nalh ber berah tlân zuai zuai mah ila, buh leh thlai khamkhawp ei tur kan neih si loh chuan rangkachak bâwm chhunga sava mawi tak khung rilṭâm ang mai kan ni dawn a ni.

Kan ei tur thar chhuak tur chuan lo neih a ngai a, chu lama min kaihruaitu agriculture hi thil pawimawh ber a ni. Latin ṭawnga agricultura chu thumal pahnih ager-field leh cultura-cultivation inkawp a ni. Chu chu a sapṭawngin agriculture an ti a, Mizoṭawng chuan lo neih lam zirna leh tihhmasawnna kan ti mai ang a. A awmze zau zawk chu kan la sawi chho zel ang.

Agriculture hi a upa hle: Mihringte hian leilung hmanga eizawn (agragrian system) hi kan lo ṭan hma hle mai. Mihring hmasa ber Adama leh a fapa Kaina kha leileta lo nei mi an ni tih Bible-ah kan han hmu phawt mai a. (Genesis bung 3:23 leh 4:2). Mi thiamte chhût dan chuan Isua pian hma 8000 BC ah te khan Tigris leh Eupharates tuipui kamah te pawh lo neih hi an lo ching daih tawh a ni. Kan pi leh pute pawh khan Ṭiau ral, Chin Hills leh Run kam vela an awm lai pawhin lo an nei ṭhin tih kan history aṭangin kan hre thei a ni.

Tichuan, mihring hian hmanlai aṭangin tuma zirtir hran ngai lovin mahni ei tur dap chhuahna turin lo neih hi hna pawimawh berah an lo neih ṭhin a. Tunlai angin hmanraw changkâng leh damdawi hmanga thlai châwm leh venhim te la thiam lo mah se, an ei tur thar chhuah tumin lo an nei ṭhin a ni tih kan hre thei ang.

Eng ang pawhin changkâng ila kumkhuaa kan kalsan theih loh tur chu lo neih hi a ni. A chhan pawh kan taksa tana mamawh buh leh thlai kan thar theihna chu lo neih chauh hi a ni a. Eng anga mi lian leh hausa pawh ni rawh se, loneitute buh leh thlai thar tel lo chuan an nung thei lo, tih hi thudik awm sa a ni.

Agriculture-in a huam zau: He thu kan sawi hian lo neia buh leh thlai thar ngawt a la ni lo cheu va. Agriculture leh a kaihhnawih hian ran vulh lam (animal husbandry) sangha khawi (fisheries) leh thei thar chhuah lam (horticulture) thlengin a huap a. India rama bawnghnute-a intodelhna White Revolution 1970 te kha agriculture pêng pawimawh tak a ni.

Hengte hi Ministry of Agriculture hnuaia awm vek an ni a. Keini State Sawrkarah chuan kan ṭhen hrang nuai mai a, a fuh lohna lai pawh a awm nual awm e.

Tunlai khawvel changkang zelah lo neih tihhmasawn nan hmanraw hrang hrang an hmu chhuak zel a. Lei tihṭhatna te, thlai tichhetu rannung thah dante leh khawl hmanga lei leh dan chenin an hmu chhuak tawh a. Tui lak dan remchang zawkte hmuh chhuah zel a ni bawk. Khaw awmdan zirna leh hriatna (meteorology) te hi agriculture-a thil pawimawh zinga mi a lo ni ta zel a ni. Buhte pawh a thar tam chi (high yielding variety) te thlengin a lo awm ta a, lo neituten an ṭangkaipui hle.

India ramah hian State Agriculture University 70 a awm a. Central Agriculture University chu pakhat chiah a awm a, chu chu Imphal-a mi khu a ni a. Chu mi pêng khat Veterinary College chu Selesih, Aizawlah kan nei ve a ni. India rama lo neitute zirtirna hmun KVK 500 vel awmah 8 chu Mizoramah kan nei ve bawk. Agriculture tihhmasawnna kawnga mawhphurtu ber, a flagship chu Indian Council of Agricultural Research hi a ni.
Mizoramin lo neih kan hlawkpui tawh lo: Hetianga khawvela agriculture a ṭhan chhoh lai hian keini chuan kan hlâwkpui ta meuh lo. Lo neih hi hlâwk tawh lo, ram leh boruak tihchhiatna a ni tiin, Sawrkar hian lo neih lam tihbân tumin eng ‘land use policy’ ‘si emaw te an han duang chhuak ṭhin a. NLUP, MIP, Garden Colony, SEDP etc te an han ti chiam a, mahse an hlawhtling thei chuang lo a nih hi. Politics khelhna atana hmang an lo ni bawk nen, a rualkhai lo thei ṭhin khawp lehnghal a. Chuvangin kan nunna hnar (lifeline) lo neih bawk hi a pawimawh leh ṭhin.

Lo neih bânsan tum hi thil fuh lo a ni hrim hrim a, buh leh thlai thar tam tura lo neih dan changkang zawk zawn hi sawrkar mawhphurhna a ni zawk. “Lei awm chhung zawng buh tuh leh buh lâkte a bo lo vang," tiin Bible-in a sawi vek tawh a ni. (Genesis 8:22). Mizoramah hian lova neih theih, phaiah 17302 ha. leh tlangramah 19851 ha. a awm a. (agriculturemizoram.nic.in Brief status of Agriculture in Mizoram). Hei hi nasa lehzuala kan hman ṭangkai a ṭul a ni.

India Sawrkarin a ngai pawimawh: PM hmasa ber Pt. J.L.Nehru-a khan agriculture pawimawhzia hi a lo sawi tawh a. India independent hlim hlawt khan, “Thil dang chu ngaihthah theih a ni; agriculture erawh muangchanpui theih a ni lo,” (Everything else may wait-but not agriculture) a lo ti hial a nih kha. Sawrkar lu ber PM meuhvin chutianga a ngaih pawimawh vang chu a ni ngei ang, vawiinah hian India ram chu buh leh bâla intodelh ram a lo ni ta. Kum 1960 vel lai kha chuan ram dang aṭanga buhfai lak luh ṭhin ni mah se, kum 1990 chhovah chuan India ram chuan khamkhawp tharin thlavênna tur (buffer stock) tam tawk a neih bakah ram danga thawnchhuah tur a thar tawh a ni. Buh leh bâla intodelhna Green Revolution an tih hial chu kum 1968 khan a thleng tawh a. Mahni intodelh ngai lo Mizoramte pawh India ram buh leh bal vangin kan nung ve hram hram a ni, ti ila tuman min hnial thei lo vang.

Mizoten harh tharna kan ngai: Thlarau lama harh tharna atan Revival Campaign kan nei ṭhin te hi a ṭha khawp mai. Mahse tisa thila kan mamawh ber buh leh thlai thar chhuah lama harh tharna nei tura revival speaker hi kan nei khât hle mai. A mawhphurtu ber Sawrkar lah hian engtik lai mahin agriculture hi ngaih pawimawh berah an nei ngai lo va. Department pakhat, tih dan pangngaia thawk ve tleng tleng turah an dah a ni ber mai. Chuvang chuan kum khata kan ei khawp thar chhuak zo lovin India Sawrkara IFC kutah kan innghat tawp mai a. State kan neih hnu, nipui leh thlasik vawi 35 chuang a liam hnu pawhin buh leh bâlah chhandamin kan la awm lo a ni. Vanduaithlak tak a ni.

Kum khata kan buhfai mamawh chu 1,20,000 MT a nih laiin kan thlawh chhuah chu 60239 MT chauh a ni a, a bâk zawng chu khu lam aṭanga min rawn phuhrûk kan ngai kum tin a ni. (Mizoram Statistical Hand Book 2020). Mizorama chhungkaw 128681 zinga 70844 (55%) hi lo nei mi kan ni. (E&S Survey report 2017-2018). Mahse heng lo neitute hian min châwm zo lo tih a lang reng a. A chhan tam tak a awm theih laiin a chhan bulpui ber chu kan sawrkar hian ei leh bara intodelhna lam hi hlamchhiaha lo neitute leh kuthnathawktute khai din lam hi a ngaihthah emaw tih tur a ni. Hei hian lo neitute a tizuai a, tam takin lo neih an bânsan phah niin a lang. Chu chu kan thatpui si lo.

Tun Sawrkarah pawh an sumbâwm pui, cheng vaibelchhe 400 awmna SEDP-ah hian agriculture chu a pawimawh zual department 5 zingah a tel pha lo. PWD, Sports, Airport chei that, Transport leh UD & PA te an langsâr fe zawka sawi a ni. Heti a nih avang hian agriculture department chu portfolio itawm a ni ngai lo va, fahrah cheia chei a nih tlat avangin Agriculture Minsiter nih chu MLA ten an châk ber lo. Tuna Agriculture Minister hi ṭhahnemngaiin taima hle mah se, a sawrkar berin a tuipui tak tak si loh avangin vawiin thlengin kan ramah hian lo neih lama danglamna tak tak revolution a awm thei lo va, vai buh ei lohte chu la hlat tak kan ni. “Thla thum daih buhfai kan chhêk khâwl tawh” tih chu kan lawmna tâwk a la ni. Silchar kawngpui a chhiat emaw an dan pin emaw chuan rangkachak bâwm chhûnga sava chan kha kan chan a ni deuh reng fo a ni.

Buh leh thlaia intodelh lo ram chu indonaah pawh an huaisen thei hauh lo tih thudik zet mai pawh kan hmachhawn mêk a nih hi. Israel ram aia a let sâwma hausa thei nia kan insawi lai hian kan hmalakna hmuh tur a awm leh si lo hi a manganthlâk hle mai.

Kum 2023 inthlanna lo awm tura rawn in ’bawrti’ candidate leh party te chu an manifesto number one-a ‘agriculture tihhmasawna buh leh thlaia intodelh’ dah ngam ngat zawn a ngai tawh ang. Thil tê nau tê tê, Sawhthing, Aieng leh Tung policy tih ang rengte hi kalsan a hun ta. Inthlana tlin tum ringawt, ei leh bâra min intodelhtir tum si lo, sawrkar hna leh contract fahrah tê tê pek-a min thlêmtute hi min hmangaihtu an ni lo tih hriat a hun tawh hle mai. Zoram Khawvâr an tih fo pawh hi agriculture-a hlawhtlinna a tel loh chuan a vâr kim lo khawp ang le.

- P.C. Lawmkunga