HAUSA THUT AN AWM HIAN INFLATION A NASA ṬHIN
Sum hlawm lian lalut thut an awm hian chutianga sum la lut ve lo tan thil ṭhenkhat man an ti to chiam a, hetianga thil man pung hi inflation a ni. Puam pathum - chiahpuam, khehpuam, kuhpuam vangin in hmun, in sak sa, huan, leilet man nasa takin a pung a, mi nawlpui hetiang mamawh te tan harsatna nasa tak an thlen a ni.
- Inflation tih hi tunlai khawvel economy ṭawngkam lar ber zinga mi a ni ngei ang. Inflation chu 'thil man sang emaw pawisa hlutna tla hniam hi' a ni. Inflation nasatna ram chu ram dinhmun nghet lo leh sum leh pai derthawng tak a ni ṭhin. Ram tam takah inflation a nasat avangin mipui an mangang hle ṭhin. Inflation thununa tihniam turin politician te an inzuar a, an tiam a, an theih loh avangin an tla leh nge nge ṭhin.
Kum 1974 khan US President Gerald Ford chuan Inflation hi public enemy no 1 atan a lo puang daih tawh a ni. Heti chung pawha inflation-in mipui nawlpui nun a nghawng dan ngaihtuahna seng phak lo ram hruaitu kan neih hlauh chuan kan future a bright lo viau ang.
Inflation chu engnge ni?
Inflation chu hun rei vak lo chhunga pawisa-in thil a lei theih zat (purchasing power) tla hniam hi a ni. Bungrua, thil leh hna thawhna man hi zawi zawiin engemaw avangin a sang/ to ṭhin. Hetianga thil man leh hnathawh man pung hi a pun dan leh a thil (item) a zirin za zela a pun dan chhinchhiahin pawisa hlutna pangngaiin thil a lei theih ṭhin a lei theih tak lohna kha za zela chhutin inflation rate chu a lo chhuak ta a ni. Chawhmeh kanna tel hi January 2021 khan litre 1 Rs. 180 niin November thlaah chuan Rs. 200 a lo tling ta a, inflation rate chu 11.11% a ni.
Inflation tih hi 'price inflation, monetary inflation' ti tea sawi a ni bawk a, a thil azirin sawina hrang hrang a awm a, oil man pung pawh 'energy inflation' an tih laiin in hmun leh insaksa man pung chu 'property, housing price inflation' tia sawi a ni.
Inflation chuan engtin chiahin nge pawisa hlutna chu a tlak hniam a, pawisa-in hna a thawh theih dan tla hniam zel tehna leh sawifiahtu data hi a ni.
1) Inflation hi chi thuma thliar sin leh a ni : Demand Pull Inflation, Cash Pull Inflation, Built-in Inflation.
2) Inflation tehnaa hmante chu: Consumer Price Index (CPI), Wholesale Price Index (WPI), Producer Price Index (PPI), Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index (PCEPI) te a ni.
Demand Pull Inflation
Thil siam chhuah leh thar chhuah tam tawk a awm loh avangin thil siam leh thar chhuah awm chhun te chu a man pangngai ṭhin aia to fe chhiar a, man tihsan a awm ṭhin a. Hetiang hi Demand Pull Inflation chu a ni.
Cash Push Inflation
A hma lam hun aia thil leh bungrua siam chhuahna man a tam hian a hralh chhuahna lam pawh a to lo thei ṭhin lo a. Hetianga thil siam chhuahna to chhan hi a hmanrua leh bawlhlo leh behbawm thil chi hrang hrang man to vang a ni.
Built-in Inflation
Nitin mihring khawsakna mamawh a pun belh zel avangin thil siamna leh thar chhuahna hmuna hnathawkte hlawh pangngai ang rengin an khawsa hlei thei ta lo a, an hlawh tihpun a lo ṭul a. Thil siam leh thar chhuah hralhna man pawh tihsan a lo ṭul ṭhin a, hemi vanga thil man pung hi Built-in Inflation chu a ni.
Inflation hian mipui engtin nge a nghawng
Pawisa-in a hlutna a hloh leh tlak hniam avang hian mipui nawlpui sum thawh chhuah pun a hnehin a tla hniam hlauh ṭhin a, hna vang leh thawh tur awm loin a zui ṭhin. Thil an lei theihna (purchasing power) a lo tla hniam a, harsatna belhchhah turin nitin inchhung khawsakna man (general cost of living) a to sawt ṭhin. Hei hian mimal leh ram hmasawnna (economic growth) nasa takin a hnuk hniamin a ti ṭhuanawp ṭhin.
In hmun, in saksa etc zuarte chu inflation avang hian an thil zawrh hlutna nasa taka a pun theih ṭhin avangin hlawkna an hmuh theih laiin chu tak chuan a mamawh zawk mipui nawlpui te harsatna a siamsak ṭhin.
Inflation hi a chhia nge a ṭha?
Inflation hi a chhia a pawng tih ngawt theih loh laiin ram leh mimal sum thawh chhuah phu lo lutuk inflation rate sang chu ram economy-in a tawrh nasat ṭhin avangin a ṭha lo hle. Economist tam tak chuan kum khat chhunga inflation rate 2% hi ṭha tawk hleah an ngai.
Inflation sang lutuk a ṭha lo ang tho hian thil man hlutna tla hniam deflation pawh thil siamtu leh thar chhuaktu tan a ṭha chuang lo a, ram economy nghawng chhe thei tho a ni.
Hyperinflation
Economist te chuan thunun theih loha thil man sang lutuka a awm a, thla khat chhunga thil man punna 50% chung lama a awm hian Hyperinflation thlengah an ngai. Thil thleng khát tak ni mah se, ram ṭhenkhat Sorkar chak lo leh mumal lo, indo nghawng avangin a thleng ṭhin. Hyperinflation a thlen hian ram chhung pawisa chuan hlutna a nei nep hle ṭhin. Kum 2007-2009 khan Zimbabwe ah ram rorelna chiri lutuk leh khawkheng avangin ṭam nasa takin a tla a, Sorkar mangangin an ram pawisa tam tawk a chhuttir a, hyperinflation a thleng a, inflation rate chu 489 billion lai a tling nia sawi a ni. World War-I zawh hnua khan hyperinflation hi Germany ramah a thleng a, thlasik laia meihawl ai tur lei ai chuan pawisa hàlin awmzia a nei zawk tih ngai hial khawpin an pawisa hlutna a tlahniam hman a ni.
Stagflation
Ram chhung sum leh pai (economy of the country) ṭhang chak si lo leh chu ramah chuan Inflation thunun loha sang taka a awm reng chuan hna thawh tur a lo váng (rising employment) ṭhin a, hei hian stagflation a thlen ṭhin. Sum hlawh chhuahna tur hna thawh tur a awm lo a, mipui mamawh leh thil an lei theihna nasa taka hniamin a awm a, mipui an mangang hle ṭhin. Stagflation a lo thlen hian thil man a sangin a to em em ṭhin, kum 1970 chho khan USA ah stagflation hi a thleng. OPEC aṭangin an oil lakluh man a to uchuak a, an GDP a hniam a, hna nei lo leh hna chán nasa takin an pung a ni.
India & stagflation
COVID-19 pandemic hma aṭang tawh khan India ram economy chu a hniam zawngin a tawlh thlu a, Covid-19 vanga sum harsatnain rit tak maiin a belhchhah zui bawk si nen opposition party tam tak hruaitute chuan India ramin stagflation a tâwk mek niin an sawi.
INFLATION IN INDIA
COVID-19 vangin khawvel ram zawng zawngah sum leh pai thawh chhuahna a tlahniam nasa hle. Thil siamchhuah a tlak hniam avangin thil man pung (Inflation) a sang a. Ram rethei leh ram ṭhanglaiah a nasa bik a. January 2021 bul lama chawhmeh kanna tel litre khat Rs. 180 man chu Rs 200 ah a chho a, inflation rate 11.11% a ni.
Kumin 2021 January thla bul lama retail inflation index rate chu 4% ah a awm a, kum laihawlah vawi hnih chu 6% a thleng a, November thla tawp khan retail inflation index 5% a ni. Hetiang a nih lai hian Wholesale Price Index chu November thla khan 14.23% a ni a, nikum November thlaah WPI 2.29% a ni. Thla 8 chhung WPI hi 10% chung lamah a awm. Khawvel pumah tel ei chi man sang hian WPI vawrh sang nia ngaih a ni.
Reserve Bank of India chuan retail inflation rate hi kum thar 2022 chhung hian 5. 3% vel ni turin a ngai a, analyst te chuan 5 - 5.2% ni turin an ngai.
Wholesale Price Index kumin 2021 November thlaa 14.23% hi kum 2011-12 hnu lama a sân ber ṭum a ni. Thlai, thei rah hring chi hrang hrang man to vang a ni.
[Money Control 27/12/21]
House Price Index
Ni tin in chhung mamawh châkkhâi man a pun mek lai hian India ram khawpui lian tam berah chuan In sak sa (In hmun & lo ram) House Price Index chu a pung sang lo hle. Reserve Bank of India in a sawi dan chuan heng metro city hrang hranga kum 10 chhunga house price index punna chu chawhrualin 10.6% niin a tarlang. RBI in a sawi zel dan chuan kum 2020 chhung khan HPI punna hi 3.92% a ni, a ti. Bengaluru chu In sak sa/ In man punna sang ber niin 15.7% in a hma kum aiin a pung a, Jaipur ah chuan 3.6% chauhin a pung a ni.
CARE Ratings in a zirchian dan chuan kumin FY 2021-22 April - December chhung hian India ram khawpui lianzual bika housing price index punna chu 1.4% niin a ngai.
[ housing.com ]
MIZORAM LEH INFLATION
Mizoram chhungah hian chaw leh thlai te, bungraw hrang hrang inflation rate zat hi hriat a harsa hle ang. Langsar taka thil man pung hluai hluai erawh chu In hmun, In sak sa, huan, leilet etc ram hi a ni.
Mizoramah hian In hmun, In saksa hralh leh lei dan bithliah mumal a awm lo a, a neitute chhiar dan leh a leitu turin a neitute an dawn/dâwr danah a innghat deuh tawp ni awm a. Hemi a nih avang hian tun kum eng emaw zat kal ta aṭang khan a neitu lam beisei aia ngam huai an rawn inlar ṭan a. Housing price index hi tu mahin chuti khati chuan a pung tihna chu a awm hauh lo, mahse a pung satliah mai ni loin, a pun dan sang lutuk hi India ram khawpui lian metropolitan city te lakah chuan a rate sanna hi rura tak a ni. Mizoram chhunga housing price index hi teh a, siam ni ve ta chiah se, 50% aṭanga 1,000% inkarah hian a awm lo ang tih a sawi theih loh, a awmna veng, ram leh khua azirin.
Hetianga In hmun, In leh ram man a to chak lutuk nachhan hi tun kum eng emaw zat aṭanga hausak thut theihna puam chi hrang - Chiahpuam, Khehpuam, Kuhpuam te vang a ni chiang khawp mai. He'ng aṭanga sum tam tham tak neite hian Bank ah dah bawk mah se, In, huan, motor etc an lei nasa hle a. A neitu lam chhiar nghâk loin man sang tak taka an lei ṭhin avangin hetiang hria hian In, In hmun etc. hralh tur neite chuan man sang tak an chhiar phah a ni. Mi pangngai kum tam tak lo inkhawl ker kerte tan harsatna namen lo tak an rawn thlen mek a nih hi.
Hetiang a nih avang hian Bible-in 'Tangka sum ngainat hi sual tinreng bul a ni,' a tih chu kan chhiar ngai ta meuh lo a ni thei a, Kristian Hla Bua mi 'LALPA sum ka ngainep a,' tih hla pawh kan sa khat tial tial ni awm tak a ni.
Source :
Forbes ADVISER
May 3, 2021
Money Control
December 27, 2021
imf.org
investopedia.org
housing.com
- Huna Kawlvawm