India hnam puanzar (National Flag) chanchin

Hnam puanzar hian ‘zalenna’ a entir an ti ṭhin a, India pawh hian Kumpinu (British) laka zalenna a hmuh rual rualin amahin hnam puanzar (national flag) hran a nei nghal a ni. India hnam puanzar hi a sapṭawngin ‘tricolour’ an ti a, a vai-ṭawngin ‘tiranga’ tiin an sawi ṭhin.

Kumpinu leh India hruaitute hnuhma

India-in Kumpinu laka zalenna a sual chhoh lai vel khan India Lalte (Princely state ho) chuan hnam puanzar chi hrang hrang anmahni rorelna hmun zelah an nei hrang thliah thliah ṭhin. India ram pum huap a hnam puanzar chi khat hman tura rawt chhuak hmasatute chu Birtish sawrkar hruaitute an ni a, India chu an thuhnuaiah an awp ta tih entirnan hnam puanzar hran hman an rel a ni.

He rawtna lo chhuah chhan chu kum 1857 a India sipai ten Kumpinu sawrkar laka zalenna an sual vang nia sawi a ni. British-in India hnam puanzar an hman hi a tirah chuan tuna United Kingdom hnam puanzar ang deuh hian a sir vei lamah ‘Union Jack’ lem leh a lai sir ding lamah ‘Star of India’ lem chhunga British Lallukhum chhungkhung a duan a ni.

Kum zabi 20-na tir lama Edward VII lal a rawn nih khan tlema India mipuite ngaihzawn theih tura hnam puanzar siam ṭhat duhna a rawn awm ṭan a. British mi Indian Civil Service officer, William Coldstream phei chuan India ram mila hnam puanzar siam ṭhat a duh avangin nasa takin sawrkarah rawtna a thlen a ni. Ani bakah hian India zalenna sualtu hmasate zinga mi, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Aurobindo Ghosh leh Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyate pawn Hindu Pathian lem behchhana hnam puanzar siam an rawt ve bawk a, mahse an rawtna te chu India Muslim ten an pawm pui loh avangin tih hlawhtlin a ni ta lo a ni.

Bengal ram hmun hniha ṭhen (Partition of Bengal) a nih kum 1905 khan zalenna sualtu ṭhenkhatten India hnam puanzar thar an rawn siam chhuak a. Chu chu rawng chi thum - a chung berah a hring, a laiah a eng, a hnuai berah a sen a ni; a laia rawng engah ‘Vande Mataram’ tih a inziak a ni.

Chumi chuan ram pumah hman hlawh lo mah se Indian National Congress annual session-ah hman lailawk a ni. Hemi hnu hian mi hran hranin hnam puanzar tur rawn duang chhuak mahse ram pum mipuite lungawina zan tura hman tak erawh a awm thei ta chuang lo a ni. Kum 1909 khan Madras Presidency Governor ṭanglai Lord Ampthill chuan ‘The Times of London’ chanchinbuah India ram pum huap zo khawp hnam puanzar a awm loh thu leh mak a tih hial zawk thu a ziak nghe nghe.

Kum 1920 November-ah League of Nations a India palaiten hnam puanzar neih an duh thu an sawi chuan British sawrkar beng a verh hle a, hei hian nasa takin India puala hnam puanzar thar duanna turah kawng a rawn hawng ta a ni. Kum 1921 April thlaah Mahatma Gandhi chuan ama chanchinbu ‘Young India’ ah India in hnam puanzar neih a mamawhzia a ziak a, hnam puanzar lai takah lasaina khawl lem awm se tiin rawtna a siam ta a ni. Gandhi hian a lem lo duang turin tun hma lama hnam puanzar atana a enchhinna tur 30 lai rawn duang chhuaktu Pingali Venkayya a ruat ta a ni.

Mahatma Gandhi rawtna anga siam hnam puanzar chu April ni 23, 1923 a Nagpur a Congress mi leh saten Jallian­walla Bagh hmuna nunna chan tate puala hriatrengna hun an hmanah tar a ni a. Kum 1923 July thlaa All India Congress Committee meeting chuan hnam puanzar hmang ṭangkaia zalenna sual chu uar lehzuala kalpui ni se tiin an rel a. Hei hian India zalenna sualtute leh mipui inkarah hnam puanzar pawimawh a rawn siam chhuak nasa ta hle a ni. Gandhi rawtna anga siam hnam puanzar (Swaraj flag) hi a tir chuan Congress hruaitu ṭhenkhat leh Muslim hruaitu ṭhenkhat ten an pawm lem lo a mahse a hnu lamah chuan zalenna sualna atana mipui ti pumkhattu thil ṭang­kai tak niin an hre chho ve ta zel a ni.

Kumpinu sawrkarin pawmpui lo

India zalenna sualtuten nasa taka hnam puanzar thar an hman tak avang leh ram puma a lar chhoh tak avangin British sawrkar pawhin an en liam mai mai thei ta lo. British parliament-ah pawh India ram a hnam puanzar hman dan uluk takin ngaihtuah a ni ta a, thupek siamin India ram a roreltu leh sawrkar peng hnuaia awm eng pawhin Gandhi te rawn duan chhuah hnam puanzar chu an zar a nih chuan sawrkar aṭanga ṭanpuina an dawn zawng zawng tih tawp sak an ni ang tiin.

British sawrkarin hnam puanzar thar (Swaraj flag) chu hman khap mahse la India mipuite erawh chuan uar lehzualin an hmang chho ta miah miah a ni. Kum 1931 ah hnam puanzar thar (Swaraj flag) chu Indian National Congress chuan a pawmpuiin zalenna sualna hmanraw pawimawh takah an hmang ṭangkai ta zel a ni.

India hruaituten duh an thlang

India-in zalenna a hmuh hmaa mipui aiawh te rorelna sang ber Constituent Assembly chuan zalenna hmuh huna hnam puanzar tur thlang tur adhoc committee an ruat a. Rajendra Prasad a kaihhruaina hnuaiah member 5 - Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Sarojini Naidu, C. Rajagopalachari, K. M. Munshileh B. R. Ambedkar te ruat an ni. Anniho hian July ni 4, 1947 ah Indian National Congress-in hnam puanzar atana an hman mek rawng chi thum (a serthlum rawng, a var leh a hring inpawlh) chu tlem siam danglamin, a laia hlasain a khaw laiah chakra dah a hnam puanzar atana hman an rawn rawt chhuak ta a ni. Lasaina aia Chakra hman hi a hma a lo duang chhuaktu Mahatma Gandhi chu a tir lamah chuan a lawm vak lo niin sawi a ni.

India hnam puanzar thar tur committee-in an rawn rawt chu July ni 22, 1947 ah Jawaharlal Nehru chuan Constituent Assembly-ah a pawmpui turin a pulut ta a ni. Assembly chuan lungawi takin an pawm ta, a thlaleh August ni 15-a India-in British laka zalenna a hmuh hnuah pawh he hnam puanzar hi vawiin thlengin hman a la ni ta zel a ni.

A duangtu ber hi!

Sawi tawh angin India hnam puanzar tuna kan hman tak ber hi, a rawng rawn rawt chhuaktu ber chu Mahatma Gandhi a ni. Amaherawhchu, ani chu rawtna siamtu mai a ni a, a taka a lem rawn duang chhuaktu chu Pingali Venkayya a ni. Amah hi Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh a mi a ni a, zalenna sualtu zinga mi niin an khua Machilipatnam-ah hian lo neia ei zawng ṭhin a nih bakah zirna in te pawh a din a ni.

India tan a rohlu tak hnutchhiahtu Pingali Venkayya hi The Hindu chanchinbu-in a tarlan dan chuan a hun tawp lamah erawh chuan mi khawngaihthlak tak a ni a, ei tur mumal nei loin July ni 4, 1963 khan putar kum 87 mi niin rethei takin a boral ta a ni. Sebo hnua sekawng khar hawng an sawi ang deuhin kum 2009 leh 2011 khan amah hriatreng nan sawrkarin postage stamp a siam chhuak tlai khawhnu a ni.

CM leh I-day hnam puanzar kaihhnawih

Kum 1974 hma lam zawng khan India Independence Day-ah hian state Chief Minister ten hnam puanzar an pawt pharh ngai lo a, Governor ten Republic Day leh Independence Day-ah te hnam puanzar an pawt pharh mai ṭhin.

Chutiang kalphung chu duh loin, hmanni lawka boral ta DMK hruaitu M. Karunanidhi khan Tamil Nadu Chief Minister a nih vawi 2-na lai kum 1974 February thlaah khan chutih laia Prime Minister Indira Gandhi hnenah, Chief Minister ten Independence day a hnam puanzar an pawt pharh ve ngai lo chu a lungawi loh thu a thlen a. A thu thlen aṭanga thla 5-naah sawrkar laipui chuan state tin tan thuchhuah siamin Republic Day-ah Governor ten hnam puanzar an pawt pharh ang a, Independence Day-ah chuan Chief Minister ten an pawt pharh ve tawh thung ang tiin a hriattirna an pe chhuak ta a ni. Vawiin thlengin chu kalphung chu India state tinah zawm a lo ni ta zel a ni.

- Lalzarzoa, Department of History, Pachhunga University College