Oil man sangin min hliau e (Eng vangin nge GST-ah a luh ve loh)
India rama tuialhthei man sang zel hi mipui lu tihaitu leh opposition lamten sorkar an beihna remchang a ni mek. Engtia rei nge a san chhunzawm ang a, eng ang taka sang tawng ang maw tiin kan thaw dep dep mai chu a nih hi. Sorkar lai BJP-in dem a hlawh hle. India rama oil man hi engin nge nghawng a, eng tin nge a san a, a hniam theih tih te lo chhui chho dawn i la.
Oil-a intodelh lo ram
India ramin oil kan mamawh aṭanga 80% chuang mah chu ram dang aṭanga kan chawk luh a ni. Chu chu thlitfim loh, crude oil a ni. 20% tling mang lo kan lai chhuak ve chauh a ni. Heti taka kan intodelh loh vang hian international crude oil manah mipuiin oil kan leina man hi a innghat vek a tih theih mai awm e.
Crude oil man
Crude oil man leh mipuiin kan leina man hian sawizawm a hlawh em avangin han en ila. Pu Modi-a sorkar lai leh tun hnaia a mante han khaikhin hmasa ila. Pu Modi kha May ni 26, 2014-ah Prime Minister a rawn ni ṭan a. Hetih laia crude oil man chu $110/ barrel vel a ni. Barrel 1 zelah hian litre 159 vel awm anga chhut a ni. Chuti a nih chuan Pu Modi-a sorkar tirh khan crude oil man chu litre khat zelah
$ 0.69 vel a ni tihna a ni. Tunah hian (17th Sept, 2018) crude oil man chu $69/ barrel vel a ni a. $0.43/litre tihna ang vel a lo ni a. A sorkar tirh nen chuan intlawm hleih tawh tak a ni. Crude oil hi quality chi hrang hrang a awm a; a rate hniam ber ka rawn tarlang a ni.
India pawisa hlutna
Crude oil hi US dollar hmanga lei a ngaih avangin Dollar leh Rupee hlutna hian oil manah kawngro a su thui hle. Pu Modi-a PM nih ṭan, May ni 26, 2014 khan US $ 1 = Rs. 58 vel a ni a. Chuti a nih chuan a chunga kan tarlan tawh, crude oil litre 1 man $ 0.69 khi India pawisa chuan Rs. 40.02 a ni tihna a ni a. Tuna India pawisa hlutna chu $ 1 = Rs. 72 vel a ni. Tuna crude oil man chu a chunga kan tarlan tawh anga chhutin litre 1 chu Rs. 30.96 (Rs. 30.96/ litre) ang vel a lo ta a ni. Litre 1 zelah Rs. 10 vel laiin a tlawm tawh zawk a nih chu.
Mipuiin oil kan leina man
Chutichuan, Pu Modi-a sorkar tirh ai khan crude oil man chu tunah 30% vel laiin a hniam zawk. Mahse tuna oil an hralhna man a sang zawk lawi si! 2014 May thla vela Mizorama kan petrol leina man chu Rs. 70/litre vel a ni a, tunah hian Rs. 78/litre vel a ni mek. Crude oil man to lai aiin tuna a tlawm hnuah mipui leina chu a to daih zawk a nih chu. Crude oil man a tlakhniam chuan mipui leina pawh hniam zawk awm tak a ni. India pawisa hlutna tlahniam duai mah se, oil man a tlakhniam nasat zawk avangin a hniam tura ngaih theih a ni. Mahse chuti chung pawha a la san zawk zel chhan ni thei awmte lo zawng dawn ta ila.
Hralh theih tura sawngbawlna
Crude oil man kan tarlan tawh khi a hralhtute rama a man zat a ni. India rama lakluhnaah sen belh ngai a la tam. Chumi hnuah an thlifim a, petrol, diesel, khawnvartui etc. ah te a lo chhuak ta a, hralh theih a lo ni ta. A thlitfimna atan hian sum tam tak sen a ngai. Chumi zawhah chuan Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs), heng IOC, HPC, BPC etc. ten mipuiah an hralh chhuak ta chauh a ni. Hei hian a man a belh nghal lo thei lo a.
Kan thil chhui mek hi petrol leh diesel man a ni deuh ber a. Chu pawh chu hmun kan heh loh zawkna atan petrol bik kan thlur zui zel rih ang.
Chhiah tel lova a man
Crude oil chu hralh theih tura sawngbawl a nih a, an senso leh company leh retailer (pump neitute) hlep tur an han belh khawm hnua lo chhuak chu a hralhna man tur a la ni mai lo a. Pump neitute hlep tur hi sorkarin a fix sak ṭhin. Tunah hian litre 1 zelah Rs. 3.60 vela ngaih theih a ni. Hemi tel vek hnu hian petrol litre 1 man chu Rs. 45.60 vel a ni. Heti zat hian lei thei ila chuan a tlawm kan ti ngawt ang le. Mahse, sorkar sum hnar pakhat, chhiah (revenue) lak a ngai ve tlat mai.
Sorkar chhiah
Tunah hian petroleum products-ah hian sorkar chhiah (revenue) chi hnih lak mek a ni. Pakhat chu, excise duty a ni. Hei hi an siam chhuahna (thlitfim) aṭanga chhiah lak a ni. Petrol litre 1 zel an siam chhuahnaah Rs. 19.48 zel excise duty lak ṭhin a ni. Petrol litre 1 chu Rs. 65.08 man vel a lo ni ta phawt a. He excise duty hi central sorkar chanpual a ni.
Chhiah chi hnihna chu VAT a ni a, state sorkar chanpual ve thung a ni. Mizoramah chuan petrol-ah 20% a ni a; diesel-ah 12% a ni. VAT rate a inan loh avangin state tinah petrol man hi a danglam. VAT tel hmaa petrol man Rs. 65.08 ah khan VAT 20% kan belh leh chuan Rs. 78.09 a lo chhuak ta a. Chu chu mipuiin tuna kan leina man bawr chu a ni ta a ni. Hetiang hian lo khaikhawm dawn ta i la-
A. Retailer thlen hmaa a man Rs. 42.00/ltr
B. Retailer hlep Rs. 3.60/ltr
C. Excise duty Rs. 19.48/ltr
D. VAT (A to C belhkhawm 20%) Rs. 13.01/ltr
Total Rs. 78.09/ltr
A awmzia berah chuan petrol man kan pek hian a man pumpui aṭanga 41.60% vel lai chu chhiah (revenue) kan pe tel tihna a ni tak chu.
Eng vangin nge a san zel?
Crude oil man ber hi 2014 aiin a hniam daih zawk si chuan, eng vangin nge petrol/ diesel kan leina man hi a san chhoh zel si? Modi-a sorkar
ṭan tirh, May 2014 khan khi laia kan tarlan excise duty khi litre 1 zelah Rs. 9.48 (Rs. 9.48/ltr) a ni a. Tunah hian Rs. 19.48/ltr a nih chuan a sorkar hnu hian litre 1 zelah Rs. 10 laiin a san belh a nih chu. Chu chuan VAT (20%) a chhawm tel bawk avangin a dik takah chuan Rs. 10.20 in a san belh a nih chu. Mizoram VAT rate hi chu a sang em em lo a. Madhya Pradesh te ang, an petrol VAT rate 39.75% ni tan phei chuan excise duty Rs. 10-a a san hian a nihna takah chuan petrol man chu Rs. 13.97 (Rs. 10 + 39.75% of Rs. 10) lawihin a san belh tihna a ni dawn a ni.
A tir lama kan sawi tawh angin, 2014 May thla velah Rs. 70-in kan lei a, tunah Rs. 78-in kan lei chuan excise duty hi Rs. 10 laiin tisang lo se chuan Rs. 68-in kan lei thei ang. Chuvangin, crude oil man a tlahniam chunga kan petrol/ diesel leina a sang zawk tlat mai hi chu Modi-a dem loh theih pawh a ni lo. Pu Arun Jaitley pawh kan dem tel thei ang chu. Mahse, he an thil tih hi a ṭulna lai a awm ve tlat niin mithiamten an sawi.
Chhan dang a la awm em?
A kalphung pangngaiah chuan oil man san chhan chu a chunga kan sawiah khian a zo der tawh a. Mahse, India ram tax system inthlakah hian miten oil man a hniam theihna atan beiseina an lo nei ve ṭhin a. Chu chu han sawi tlang ta law law i la.
GST-ah khung ve a rem lo em ni?
India ram pumah chhiah lak dan thar Goods and Services Tax (GST) chu July ni 1, 2017
aṭangin hman ṭan a ni ta a. He dan hnuaiah hian bungrua leh service dang zawng zawng a tel laiin heng - petrol, diesel, petroleum crude, ATF, natural gas leh alcohol-te hi a tel ve lo. Han tel ve hlauh sela chuan oil man chu a hniam phah dawrh a beiseiawm a. GST-ah hian chhiah (indirect tax bik) chi hrang hrang awm ṭhin khan hmun khatah, GST-ah chauh chhun khawm a ni.
GST hian rate chi 4 a nei- 5%, 12%, 18% leh 28% te an ni. Tunah hian chhiah (revenue) atan petrol litre khat zelah a man aṭanga 41.60% vel kan pe a. GST hnuaiah hian lo lut ni se chuan a sang berah pawh 28% chauh kan pek dawn avangin oil man chu a hniam phah viau ngei ang. Mahse chu chu sawi mai aia thil harsa tak a ni a.
Sorkarin chhiah lak dan system a thlak dawn emaw, bungraw ṭhenkhat tax rate a tihhniam dawn emaw hian a hmaa sorkarin chhiah (revenue) a lakluh zat kha a lak luh leh phak ngeina tur rate an chhut chhuak phawt ṭhin a. Chu chu revenue neutral rate (RNR) an ti. GST hman a nih dawn khan GST hnuaia chhiah lut khawm ta chi hrang hrang kan sawite khi an han belh khawm ta a. A bungrua/ service azirin an han chawk chhuak ta a. Chuti chuan, a rate sang thei ang ber tur chu 28% ni se an ti ta a. E.g. (1) GST hma khan cement aṭanga chhiah lak ṭhin - excise duty, CST leh VAT belh khawm chu 27% lo ni ta se, chu chu cement tan bika RNR chu a ni. GST-ah chuan cement kha 28%-a dah a nih khan RNR aia a san zawk avangin GST hnuaia cement dah kha a tha hle a ni.
E.g. (2) fridge hi excise duty, CST leh VAT belhkhawm 35% lo ni ṭhin ta se, GST hnuaiah chuan 28%-ah dah a lo tul ta a. A chhan chu GST rate sang ber tura duan kha 28% a nih tawh avangin. Fridge chuan GST rate-ah RNR a pha lo ta a. Chumi a phak lohna phuhru (compensate) tur chuan item ṭhenkhat, an RNR 8% vel emaw ni ho kha (e.g. nihliap) GST hnuaiah 12% ah an dah chho ta thung a. Tichuan, a pumpuia sorkar sum lakluh khan a tuar lo thei ta a, net RNR a lo tlin thei ta a ni.
Chutichuan, heng petroleum products, a bikin petrol leh diesel te hi an RNR a sang bik si a (41.60% vel), chumi chu 28% ah han dah ngawt dawn se sorkar sum tam tak hlohna a nih dawn si avang leh, a sum che vel a san fal em avanga bungraw dang hmanga han phuhru turin a hautak bawk si avangin GST hnuaia khung loh hi a ṭha an lo ti ta zawk a ni. Tin, crude oil hi India rama laih chhuah leh a rate control theih an ni ve si lo a (80% chuang kan lakluh a nih kha). Thla 2/3 tal daih tur pawhin rate nghet a siam theih loh avangin anmahni RNR milin GST rate lo siam chi pawh a ni chiah lo a. Petrol RNR kha 42% vel a ni a. GST hnuaiah khungin a rate chu 42% lo ti ta ngawt se, crude oil man a san thut thut khan a hralhna tur rate a sang ang a, GST rate sang takah phei chuan mipui phur rit a belhchhah nasa dawn lutuk a ni. Chuvang chuan sorkarin thil tih chi-ah a ngai rih lo a ni.
Oil man tihdanglam dan kalphung thar
June ni 15, 2017 thleng kha chuan petrol leh diesel man hi ni 15 danah (fortnightly) tihdanglam a ni ṭhin. Khami inkara crude oil man a danglam dan leh Rupee hlutna danglam dan azirin a man kha an tidanglam dawrh dawrh ṭhin a. Rate tharah Rs. 2-5 inkar tein a sangin a hniam ṭhin.
Hemi inkarah hian crude oil man a san vak chuan an hloh vak vak thei ṭhin a ni. Mahse, June ni 16, 2017 aṭang kha chuan sorkarin a policy thlakin, OMC te chu an oil leina mil zelin ni tin an hralh chhuahna rate siam danglam a phalsak ta a. Hemi chinah hi chuan hlep neiin an kal chho ve thei ta a. Kum 2014 vela oil man a san em em laia cheng vaibelchhe tel an hloh kha hmuh let an tum ve ta thung a ni. Oil man thar hi zan dar 8-ah an puang hman tur a ni a. A tuk zing dar 6 aṭanga hman ṭan zel tur a ni.
Tunah hi chuan nikum June aṭang khan crude oil man hi a sang zawngin a la kal tluan zel rih avang leh, Rupee hlutna a tlak hniam zel bawk si avangin ni tin petrol/diesel rate a sang chho deuh zel mai chu a ni a. Rupee hi a la tlahniam zel tura chhut a ni a. Crude oil man hi chu sawi lawk hleih theih a ni lo a. A man nghawngtu a tam lutuk avangin rin dan neih pawh a harsa a ni. Rupee tlahniam zel avang chauh pawh hian kan chawk luhna man a la sang chho zel ang tih hi a rin theih deuh thung.
Tihhniam theih a ni em?
Sorkarin a duh chuan a tihniam thei tiin chhang phawt mai ang. Sawi tawh angin tun hnai kum 4 chhung ringawtah pawh petrol litre 1 mana excise duty sanna chu Rs. 10 lai a ni a. A hmaa Rs. 9.48/ltr ni ṭhin kha tunah chuan Rs. 19.48/ltr a ni tawh a, a sanna hi 105% lai a ni. Diesel-ah phei chuan a sanna hi nasa viau. May, 2014-ah diesel-a excise duty Rs. 3.56/ltr ni ṭhin kha tunah chuan Rs. 15.33/ltr a ni tawh a. A sanna hi Rs. 11.77/ltr a ni a. 2014 aiin 330% chuangin a sang tawh a ni. Heti khawpa excise duty a san lai hian central sorkar berin tihhniam lam a la sawi rih si lo. A tih hniam rih loh chhan chu an nei tha viau maithei.
State sorkarte pawhin petrol/ diesel man tihniam tur hian tih theih kan nei ve. Heng
aṭanga VAT kan lak hi a rate kan tihhniam theih chuan tlem tlem chuan a hniam phah ve ngei ang. Chutih laia kan hriat tur erawh chu, state revenue zinga item mala a thawh hlawk ber pawl a nih avangin tihhniam chuan state-in sum hman tur a hloh ve duai duai thei thung a. A sum dinhmun a chhe ve der thei a ni. Mizoramah ngei pawh hian petroleum product aṭanga kan sum hmuh hi kan tax revenue hmuh 15% vel lai a ni pha a. Heng ho VAT rate kan tihhniam chuan keini ang siam chhuah nei lo state chu kan chhiat phah ve thei khawp ang.
Tuna petrol-a kan VAT rate hi 20% a ni a. Keini aia rate hniam chu Andaman (6%), Goa (7.54%) leh Puducherry (17.15%) te chiah an awm. Madhya Pradesh VAT rate phei chu 39.75% a ni dah mai. Diesel-a kan VAT rate (12%) phei chu Andaman (6%) dawtah a hniam ber a ni.
Inmawhpuhna
Oil man sangah hian sorkar hmasa, UPA leh tuna sorkar lai NDA te an inbei deuh sak sak reng a. UPA sorkar lai aiin petrol-ah pawh litre 1 zelah Rs. 10 ngawtin a sang kan tih tawh kha. Chumi hre ran chung chuan UPA (Congress) lam chuan NDA (BJP) lam chu mipui phurrit siam luiah an puh sek mai a. NDA lam lahin ‘UPA hun laia Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) te hnena Sorkarin subsidy-na sum a pek theih loh avangin nakina suma chantir leh turin oil bond a pe vak a. A mature huna a suma pek leh tho tur chu NDA Sorkar rulh turin cheng vaibelchhe nuai 1.44 a hnutchhiah a. Tunah hian vaibelchhe nuai 1.3 rulh a ni a. Chumi rulhna atan chuan NDA chuan excise duty hi a tihsan a ngaih phah a ni’ tiin ṭan an khawh ve thung a. Mahse an han chhui chian deuh chuan tun NDA term chhung hian cheng vbch 3,500 chauh chu a lo la mature a, a pung nen cheng vbch 44,000 chu tuna rulh ngai a lo ni ta chauh a. A dang zawng chu 2021-2026 inkarah a mature chauh dawn a ni tih hriat chhuah a ni. India ram budgeting system-ah nakina thil rulhna tur atan tunah sum lo dah khawl chi a nih bawk si loh avangin an chhuanlam hi a pan ta riau nia ngaih a ni.
Excise duty tihhniam loh chhan
Heti khawpa oil man a sang tawh chung pawha central sorkarin excise duty a la tihniam duh miah lo hian ngaihtuahna a tithui khawp mai. Chhan chi hrang hrang a nei thei ang a.
1) Sorkar sum hnar lian a ni: Oil aṭanga sorkarin chhiah a hmuh hi a tam tham hle. Ram enkawlna atan ṭangkai tham tak a ni. India ramin kum khat chhunga chhiah a hmuh aṭanga 1/3 vel lai hi petroleum lam aṭanga a hmuh nia ngaih a ni a. Re. 1 lek pawhin petrol leh diesel aṭanga excise duty hi tihhniam a nih chuan kum khat chhungin cheng vaibelchhe 13,000 vel chu central sorkarin a hloh tur nia ngaih a ni a. Ram hmasawnna hnathawhna tur a tihbuai phak a hlauhthawnawm a ni.
Petroleum product ho aṭanga chhiah lak hi sorkar tan chuan thil zangkhai tak a nihna chen a awm. A chhan chu heng diesel, petrol, ATF etc. te hi sorkar aṭanga licence neih ngai, dealership neite chauhin an zawrh theih a nih vangin chhiah awl ruk a harin man chhuah a awlsam bik a. Chu chuan chhiah enkawlna hna a tiawlsam em em a ni. Bungraw dang tam ber hi chu a duh duhin an zuar thei a; chu chuan chhiah awl ruk pawh a titam. Sorkar tan hna a titam hle ṭhin.
Mizoram bikah chuan 2017-2018 a kan budget-a chhiah lam chi bik aṭanga sorkar sum hmuh tur 15% vel lai chu oil lampang chi aṭanga lut tura chhut a ni. Keini ang state rethei tan chuan awmzia a nei tham ve viau mai.
2) Oil remchemna kawng khat a ni: ‘Kan ram hi oil chungah kan lang a ni’ te pawh han ti ṭhin mah i la, tun ang renga kan hman chuan khawvela oil laih chhuah theih chin hian zawh hun a nei ngei dawn a, a hla tawh vak lo. Chuvang chuan, oil man a to hian miin ṭul em em lova lirthei an hawl chhuak tur kha a tlem phah ang a. Vantlang lirthei- bus, rel, taxi, metro, auto etc. a chuan a hlawk zawk an ti ang a. Chu chuan nasa takin oil renchemna a thlen theih beisei a ni.
3) Hriselna atan: Lirtheiin boruak bawlhhlawh a pek chhuah nasat dan chu kan hmu pha ve. Oil man a san vanga miin lirthei a hawl chhuah tlem chuan boruak bawlhhlawh a tlem phah ngei ngei dawn a ni. Mipuite pawh a theihna chin chinah ke-in kan kal tam phah ang a, kan hriselna atan pawh a ṭhat phah thei bawk.
Khiti ang ho vanga oil man hi tihniam duh lo an nih chuan sorkar thain a tih tur tak an ti ni te pawhin a ngaih theih a, an fakawm phian mai. Mahse, nakum 2019 kum chawhma lamah Lok Sabha inthlanpui kan hmachhawn dawn a, Pu Modi-a hi oil man tihniam lo turin a ṭang tlang ngam ang em?
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- C. Lalthazuala, Vengthlang, Champhai