PA KHAWI DAN : KUT HNATHAWKTUTE CHAWISAN NAN

Pa hi fungus (thil hmuar) chi khat a ni a, thingah te, leiah te leh hmun hnáwng leh dam deuh hlekah te a lo awm mai ṭhin. Pa hian vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates leh mihring tana hrisel em em mai a pai ṭeuh a, lung ṭha lo tan te, nu nau pai tan te, cancer, diabetes, bp sang leh natna dang nei tan pawh damdawi ṭha tak a ni. Thau (fat) a pai mang loh avang hian in-diet nana chaw ṭha tak a ni bawk.

Mizoramah hian pa chi hrang hrang a tam hle a, mihring tana ei chi leh chi loh te chenin a awm. A tlangpuiin pachang (oyster) kan tih mai hi tunlaia Mizorama kan pa khawi tam ber leh lar ber niin a hriat a, chuvang chuan tun ṭumah pawh hian pa khawi dan tlangpui lo tarlang ta ila.

Pa khawi nana kan mamawh tlangpui chu – Pa chi, buhpawl, dekchi/bel, polythene, rubber, chinai thi (lime) leh gypsum te an ni mai a.

A hmasain kan pa chi lei chu a hmuar var ṭha leh an siam aṭanga thla li aia rei lo ni thei hram se la, buhpawl pawh duhthusamah chuan a eng thar sar hman hram tur a ni.

Dekchi emaw bel hmangin tui kan lum ang a, natna hrik leh a bal tur laka a him theih nan, a sat ṭan veleh buhpawl chu inches 3-5 vela seia kan chan hnuah kan duh ang tawk kan thlak ang a, a so bawrh bawrh hma chuan chhuan char char tur a ni. A so rual nan a khát tawka chawh a ṭha a, buhpawl so hnuah puan faiah emaw silpaulin fai emaw kan remchan angin fai taka dah ni tur a ni a. Buhpawl so hlim chu kan dah pharh ang a, a tui chu kan thlithlawr dawn a ni. A tih ro nan hian fan emaw ni saah kan pho thei a, kan pho lai hian ruahin a nan huh tur a ni lo. Buhpawl chu 80% vel a ro tawh chuan (kan sawr anga far tur a awm loh hunah) chinai thi (lime) 10 gram chu buhpawl kg khat zelah kan pawlh ang a, Gypsum pawh 50 gram chu buhpawl kg khat zelah kan phul ang a, rual takin kut faiin kan pawlh tur a ni. Chinai hian pH a tisang a, natna hrik leh thil hmuar dang lakah a ven bakah a chhe tur a veng em em a, Gypsum hian calcium leh sulphur a pai avang hian pa chi lo ṭai darh tur leh lo ṭhang tur kha a tihrisel sawt ṭhin a ni.

Kan pawlh rual hnuah chuan, pa khawina hmanrua polythene emaw plastic fai tak chhungah chuan buhpawl chu inches hnih (2) emaw thum (3) vela chhahin kan nem muk tur a ni a, chumi chhawng chung zelah chuan pa chi chu buhpawl kil tinah chuan kan dah kual leh tur a ni. Chutiang zelin, chhawng thum emaw chhawng li thlengin kan khawina hmanrua azirin a siam theih. Buhpawl dah zawh hian muk ṭha takin kan nem zel tur a ni a, a chung berah pawh pa chi chu kan phul kual leh ang a, a chhâwng tawpna ber a nih tawh dawn avangin a sir kilah chauh ni lovin a laiah te pawh phul vek tur a ni.

Block/bed (buhpawl leh a chi kan siam tawh sa kha block emaw bed kan tih chu a ni) kan siam lai hian mi tam tak awmkhawm tur a ni lo va, mask leh thawmhnaw fai kan inbel tur a ni. Fungi (thil hmuar leh bawlhlawh) dang a awm loh nan a siam laia ṭawng reng te, tukverh hawn te, sahdah, kuhva, meizial, etc. tih loh hram a ṭha.

Kan block/bed siam chu a tawt (tight) ṭhat viau hnuah phui takin kan tawn tur a ni a, (rubber emaw hrui pawh a hman theih), chumi hnuah chuan block chu polythene a nih chuan hmanraw zum fai takin hmun riat (8) emaw sawm (10) ah kan vit pawp tur a ni (hei hi boruak luh nana tih ṭhin a ni). Kan polythene hman chu a thler sa tur a ni lo a, a theih chuan a thar hlak emaw, hman hmain chhum (sterilized) fai chu duhthusam a ni. Kan block/bed pack fel tawh sa chu hmun thianghlim tak, temperature 25˚C vel (30˚C aia tam lo) ah dah tur a ni a, kan dahna hmun vel hi bang leh chhuatte a hnáwng deuh chup tur a ni. A hmuar ṭhat hma (up chhung) hi chuan boruak/thli an mamawh em em lo va, hmun thim laiah kan dah hram hram tur a ni. Pa chi (variety) azirin a ṭhen chu ni 15 hnuah te a hmuar ṭha em em tawh a, a var; lapua anga a awm hunah khan kan khawina polythene aṭang khan kan phelh mai tur a ni lo. A hmuar kha a khàwn hnuah chauh hmanhmawh lovin kan phelh ṭhin tur a ni. Kan phelh/hlih hnu khan tui an mamawh ang tawk ni tin, zing leh tlaiah kan pe tur a ni. Tui kan pek hian leih tawp tur a ni lo va, uluk takin hnâi lutuk lovah kan phuh (spray) ṭhin tur a ni. Chutianga ni tin kan enkawl hnu kar hnih thum velah chuan buhpawlah chuan pa te tak tein a lo chawr/par ang a, a puitlin nan hian a chawr (pinhead) aṭanga ni li (4) emaw ni nga (5) hnuah a chi azirin a lo puitling mai tawh ṭhin a ni. Pa chu a par hlai zawng te, a rawng te, a kuang sei zawng leh a rim thlengin a chi azirin a inang lo ve thei hle bawk.

Kan pa khawi chu a lawh (harvest) theih veleh uluk takin a ṭona bul teah dim takin kan pawt thlawn tur a ni a, natna laka a him theih nan kut sil fai ṭhin tur a ni. Block/bed khat aṭang hian a chi azirin kg 3–6 laia ritte pawh a seng/lawh theih. Vawi khat kan seng hnu hian buhpawl chu kan paih mai tur a ni lo va, uluk takin tui kan pe leh tur a ni a, a hnu rei lo teah a dang a lo chawr leh mai ṭhin a, hei hi vawi thum emaw vawi li (3rd/4th flush) thlengte pawhin a seng theih ṭhin a ni. Pa in atan hian cement in te, dap in te, lei in te pawh a hman theih vek a, a phui ṭha hle tur a ni a, tukverh aṭanga ni zung lut lovin net zar chhanah lut tura ruahman ni thei se. Block hman hnu hi thlai lei ṭha atan sawngbawl theih a ni.

Pa khawitu hlawhtling tak mai Pi Ṭhuamkhawtlingi hi kum 51 mi niin Kolasib Rengtekawn venga khawsa mek a ni a. Kum 2019 aṭang khan ICAR, Kolasib buatsaih training te chhimin heta ṭang hian pakhawi hi a buaipui ṭan a tih theih awm e. Block khat zelah pa 1.5 aṭanga 2 kg vel thla tin a thar ṭhin bakah pa a hralh chhuah aṭangin Rs. 8,000 aṭanga 10,000 bawr vel thla tin a lalut ṭhin a ni. A tharchhuah pawh hi a leituten an inchan loh ṭhin avangin chemical tel lo kan rama pa tharchhuah hi mamawhna a la sang hle mai a, chuvang chuan pa khawi hi eizawn nan; a ti tak tak duh tan chuan a tling a ni.

- Dr. Jeetendra Kumar Soni

- Miss Lalruatfeli

- Dr. I. Shakuntala