NEW EDUCATION POLICY 2020 THLIRNA

New Education Policy 2020 hi Union Cabinet chuan July 29, 2020 khan hman nghal turin a pawm a. Hmun hrang hrang aṭangin sawiselna a awm a. South India lamah phei chuan dodalna nasa tak a awm a, State sorkar leh University-te pawh rawtna thlen turin tih an ni.

India ram Education Policy chung changa Commission awm tawhte chu: University Education Commission (1948-49); Secondary Education Commission (1952-53); Education Commission (1964-66); National Policy on Education(NPE) (1968); National Policy on Education (1986) (Modified 1992); Dr. T.S.R. Subramaniam Committee Report 2016 leh tuna National Education Policy 2020, Dr. K.Kasturiranga Committee Report May 2019 te an ni a. NEP 2020 hian kum 30 chuang kan lo hman tawh NPE 1986 chu a luahlan a, a enkawltu Ministry of Human Resources Development chu, Ministry of Education tiin thlak a ni bawk. New Education Policy 2020 hi School Education & Higher Education-ah then a ni.

School Education: New Education Policy (NEP) 2020-ah chuan, tun hmaa 10+2 chu 5+3+3+4-in a thlak a. School Education (SE) chu “Early Childhood Care Education” (ECCE) hnuaiah awmin, Stage 1-5 ah then a ni.

Stage 1-na, Pre-Primary School/Angangwadi-ah naupang kum 3-6 inkarin ṭawng zir, a aw b, infiamna, rawng hnawih, music etc. an zir ang.Stage 2-na, Foundation Stage-ah naupang kum 6-8-in Pawl (Grade) 1-2 an zir ang a; Pawl 2-naah hian chhiarkawp zir ṭanin, subject hrang hrang an zir ṭan ang. Stage 3-na, Preparatory stage-ah naupang kum 8-11 in Pawl (Grade) 3-5 an zir ang a, infiam lam thil zir (play), thil thar zir leh sawiho (interactive) te an zir ang.Stage 4-na, Middle Stage-ah naupang kum 11-14 in Pawl (Grade) 6-8 an zir ang a; Science, IT, Maths, Arts, Social Sciences & Humanities te an zir ang.

Stage 5-na hi, tuna Higher Secon­dary Education tih hi Secondary Eduction tia thlakin, Pawl (Grade) 9-12 huamin, naupang kum 14-18-in an zir ang. Hetah hian subject hrang hrang (Multidisciplinary subject) an zir ang a; inhnial (debate) te, thil khirh­khan deuh ngaihtuah (critical thinking) adt. leh an tui zawng (choice of subjects) te an zir ang.

India ramah hian School Board chi hrang hrang 7 lai a awm a, a lar zual deuh 5 te chu (1) Central Board of School Education (CBSE-ah Schools–21, 271 a awm a, Science, Maths & Social Sc-ah then a ni a, a theoretical deuh a); (2) Indian Council of Secondary Education (ICSE-ah School-2,341 awmin, Arts, Science, English & humanities lam a uar a, practical leh skills lam a uar a, CBSC aiin a har zawk a, foreign-a kal tumten an thlang); (3) International Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE–Schools–232 awmin Cambridge type zirna a ni a, subjects 70 & tawng 30 a awm); (4) International Baccalaureate (IB, Schools-ah 18 awmin, language, arts & humanities te, intercultural &humanities te an uar a. Engtia zir tur nge? tih aiin, Eng nge zir tur? an ti a ni); (5) State School Board te an ni a. Mi tam takin ICSE hi an thlang a, a ṭhenin CBSE; foreign-a zir tumte chuan IGCSE leh IB hi an thlang thung. Mizoramah hian Private School 3-ah ICSE Course hi Pawl 1-10 thleng hmang mek an awma hriat a ni. Sawrkar zirna sikul hi Mizoram Board of Secondary School (MBSE) hnuaiah awmin, The Education Policy of Mizoram 2013 (Amended 2016) leh The Mizoram Education (Transfer & Posting of School Education Teachers) Amendment Rules 2020 te a awm.

Thil chhinchhiah ngai ṭhenkhat a awm a (1) Pre-School atanga Pawl 5 thleng mahni ṭawngin zirtir a ni ang a, duh chuan Pawl 8 thleng pawh mahni ṭawngin zirtir theih a ni. (2) Naupang zawng zawng luhtir tum tur a ni. (3) Exam hi Pawl 3,5 leh 8-ah neih tur a ni a, an zirna tihhmasawn nan chauh hman tur a ni. (4) Board exam Pawl 10 leh 12-ah neih tur a ni a, Main Exam (Pawl 12) chu kum 1 chhungin vawi-2 neih theih a ni a; a vawi 1-na chu anmahni (zirlaite) tihhmasawn nan a ni a, a vawi 2-na chu subject hrang hranga hriat ngei ngei ngai chi (core concepts) a ni ang. Exam kalphung chu National Assessment Centre-in a buatsaih ang, tih a ni.

(Ṭawng hman chungchangah 3-language huang chhungah mahni ṭawng leh ṭawng dang 1 telh ngei tura tih a nih laiin, Union Home Minister Pu Amit Shah-an hmarchhak state-ah Hindi hmang ngei ngei tura a sawi hi barh luih (imposed) policy a ni a, NEP 2020 nen a inkalh tlat a. Chuvangin, keini state-ah chuan Mizo leh English hi thlangin, Hindi hi telh ve ngei (integrate) ni se (India ramah chuan a ṭul tlat), pawl eng emaw thleng chu; sawrkar thu thu ni se).

School inrelbawlna leh enkawl dan: Khaw tin leh hmun hrang hranga school awmnaah zirlai tlem te te awmin, zirtirtu leh school mamawh (library, sports, hmanraw dang, zirtirtu) indaih lohna a tina a. Chuvangin, Pre-school aṭanga Secondary education thlengin hmun zau deuh taka awmkhawm (Multidisciplinary) hi NEP policy a ni a; inenkawl awlsam nan, senso tihtlem nan, zirtirtu indaih zawk nan leh zirlai inziak lut (Gross Enrolment Ratio) tam nana ruahman a ni.

Higher Education: Higher Education hi Khawvel ram danga University ṭhate tih dan la tela duan a ni a, Universities leh Colleges a huam a, chhawng 3-ah ṭhen a ni. 
1.Research Universities (Research & Teaching uar).
2.Teaching Universities (Teaching uar).
3. Autonomous Degree Granting Colleges (Mahnia Bachelors degree pe thei).
Universities leh Colleges chu campus lian takah, zirlai 3000 aia tam luh theih nana beisei a ni a. Chu'ng zirna sang (HEI)-ahte chuan subject/disciplines hrang hrang-arts, science, technology, engineer, mathematics etc. zirna hawn tura duan leh ruahman a ni.
Undergraduate (BA chin) zirna. Hetiangin duan a ni.
1. B.A kum 1 zir chhuakte tan Certificate pek an ni ang.
2. B.A kum 2 zir chhuakte tan Diplomay Certificate pek an ni ang.
3. B.A kum 3 zir chhuakte hnenah Bachelor degree pek an ni ang.
4. B.A kum 4 zir tan kum 1 chu research project neiin an zir ang a, Bachelor & Research degree pek an ni ang.
Post-graduate (Masters) degree
1. Bachelors programme (B.A .,B.Sc. etc.) kum 3 zir chhuakin Masters programme kum 2 a zir ang a, a kum 2na chu research zir nan a hmang ang;tichuan, PH.D programme a zawm thei ang.
2. Bachelors programme kum 4 zir tan, Masters programme kum 1 chuah zirin, Ph.D. programme a zawm thei ang.
3. Bachelors programme kum 4 research zir tel tan, direct-in Ph.D pragramme a zawm thei ang.
4. Bachelor & Masters programme zir zawmna (Integrated course) kum 5 zir chhuakte’n Ph.D an zawm thei bawk ang. Khitiangte avang khian M.Phil.programme chu tihtawp/nuai bo a ni.

Khitiang khi a nih tak nuaih avangin, tuna “affiliated colleges” te hi kum 15 chhungin autonomous colleges-ah kaisantir dan ruahman a ni a, an kaisanna tura hmuh zat tur (benchmarks) an hmuh hunah “Autonomous Degree Granting Colleges” pek an ni ang. Hemi avang hian tuna deemed university, affiliating university & technical university (polytechnics, DIET, Nursing, Paramedical, Hotel management & Catering etc) te leh Unitary university-te hi “University” tih ni tura duan a ni. Heng zirna in sang (Higher Education Institutes-HEIs)) te hi kum 2030-ah chuan subject hrang hrang zirna (multidisciplinary institute)-ah chhun luh tum a ni ang a, kum 2040-ah chuan Multidisciplinary Communities awm tura ruahman a ni. Colleges te chu Autonomous Collage-in emaw, University Constituent College emawin an awm ang. Kum 15-20 hnuah chuan Autonomous Degree Granting Colleges leh Constituent Colleges of University chauh awm tura beisei a ni. Public & Private institutions-ahte mahni ṭawngin emaw, ṭawng 2-in emaw, zir dan kawng chhawpchhuah tum a ni bawk.India ramin ram dangah University a din thei ang a, ram dangin India-ah University an rawn din thei bawk ang.NEP 2020 hi hun lo kal zel tur atana duan leh ruahman a ni.

ZIRTIRTU & B.Ed. ZIRNA
Universities leh Colleges te chu subject hrang hrang zirna (Multidisplinary education) a awm hunah chuan, Education Department-ah B.Ed. zirna an ruahman ang.India ramah B.Ed.zirna tam tak a awm a, Mizoramah MZU leh Higher Education Institute-ahte chuan B.Ed. kum 4 zir an buatsaih ang a, Bachelors programme-a kum 4 zirte tan (specialized/research subject an neih chuan) B.Ed. kum 1/2 zir tur course an siam ang. Universities leh Colleges-ah chutiang B.Ed.kum 4 zir chu 2030-ah chuan, School zirtirtute thiamna hniam ber (minimal degree qualification) atan hman tura ruahman a ni.
NEP 2020 hi hun lo kal zel tur atana duan leh ruahman a ni a, hriat tur tam tak a awm a. Tuna ziak chhuahte hi a hriatthiam awlsam tur zawnga kaihtawi a ni a, a famkim lo a ni tih kan hrethiam dawn nia.

Sources:
1.New education Policy 2021 Schools, Colleges and Universities:All you need to know.April 15,2021 by Administration.
2.Report Summary,National Education Policy 2020.PRS Legislative Research, Institute of Policy Research Studies, Delhi, pp.1-4.
3.National Education Policy 2020.Ministry of Human Resource Development, GoI, New Delhi, pp.1-63.
4.Lecture Notes on Indian Higher Education and NEP 2020 (pers.com) Prof.Lalhmasaii Chuaungo, Dept.of Education, Mizoram University,Aizawl.

- Prof. H.Lalramnghinglova