MAU HLUTNA KHURPUI Mau atangin Ethanol-Mizoramin engtinnge a tih ve dawn? Tun hi ram enkawltute fiahna hun a ni dawn….

Mau hlutna danglam tak kan thlirho tur hi kan ram tana nghawng nei thei a nih avangin Mizoram mipuite tan a pawimawh hle mai. Tunah hian kan ram hi thil hlu takin a hmuak mek a, ram roreltuten ram mipuite tan thil chhenfakawm an chhawp theihna hun a ni. Kan ram enkawltute fiahna hun pawimawh a ni dawn e.

Mau chungchanga Mizoram dinhmun hi lo thlir hmasa ila. India ram Mau awm tamna (bamboo area) hi lo thlir ila:

Hetiang hi kan dinhmun tlangpui a ni a, Mizoram hi Mau a hausa, Mau chi hrang tamna, mi State ten ‘state vannei’ an tih kan ni.

Amaherawhchu, mau hmanga industry din leh eizawnna chhenfakawm neih kawngah kan la kal thui lo a. Mau chungchang kan ziaha kan sawi tam aiin kan chhawr bawk lo hle. Mau hmang ṭangkai lo ber state kan ni. Min hre chiangtute nuih kan ti za mek a ni. Kan ṭhenawm Assam leh Tripura te chuan namen lovin an chhawr ṭangkai tawh a. Mau hmanga sum dehchhuah thuah chuan Nagaland leh Arunachal pawh kan tluk ta lo a ni. Tin, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu leh Kerala te an che ṭha em em bawk a, National Bamboo Mission ruahmanna nen inthlawp tha takin an kal a ni. Entir nan chauh, Epitome company Tripura ami te siam Bamboo wood panel, thingphel anga siam hi an ṭhatpuiin an hmingthang hle tawh a, ram pawna thawnchhuah aṭangin vaibelchhe telin sum an rut a ni. Kan ram enkawltute leh mipuite cho nana tarlan mai a ni e. Kan sawi tum lam pan zel ila.

ETHANOL

Tun hnaiah kan tana thil thar ‘Ethanol’ thawm Central aṭangin a lo ri a. Ethanol chungchang kan sawi fiah nan a bul deuh aṭangin tarlang ila. Heng ‘tuialhthei’ kan tih mai, petrol te, diesel te hi lei hnuai thuk tak aṭanga sum tam tak senga laihchhuah ngai, sawngbawl hautak zet mai, ‘fossil fuels’ an tih hi an ni. Arab ramten an ngah em em laiin India ram hi hetiang ‘fossil fuels’ lamah hian a hausa ve tlat lova. Kum tinin ram dang aṭanga a chawkluh nan sum tam tak a seng mek a. Hei hi ram roreltute tiluhaitu a ni. Sum tam tak sen a ngai a. Chuvangin, India sawrkar chuan ‘energy security’ a tih mai, tuialhthei thar chhuah tam theih loh pawh a a chhawktu engemaw tal ngaihtuah chhuah beihpui hi a thlak reng a ni.

Kum tam tak mithiamten kawng an dap. Kum 2009 chhoah khan National Policy on Biofuels 2009 siamin hma a lo la fe tawh a. Tichuan, kum 2018 khan sawrkar laipui chuan a hma a National Policy on Biofuels a lo hman tawh aia tuam zau zawk, National Policy on Biofuels 2018 hman turin a siam leh a, rahbi rah tur a intuk ta. Kum 2022 a lo thlen chuan ramdang aṭanga tuialhthei chawkluh hi 2014-15 laia senso chhuta 10% in a tlem tur a ni tih hi an nawr ngawrh ta hle a. An hmalakna langsar ber chu: a hau a hmang tawh loin Petrol a (first generation ethanol - Ethanol Blended Petrol) pawlha hman turin India ram State 9 leh Union Territory 4 ah January 1, 2003 aṭangin petrol hralh chhuahah ethanol per cent 5 a tel zel tur a ti phawt a, a hnuah zau zawkin State 21 leh UT 4 ah an an hmang ta zel a. Hei hian ramdang aṭanga tuialhthei chawkluhna senso nasa takin a chhawk bakah ethanol hi chhehvel boruak (environment) tan pawi a sawi nep zawk fe bawk si a ni. Hei hi umzui tlakah a ngai ta zel a. Public Sector Oil Marketing Companies (OMC) ho hi hemi lama an papek deuh an ni. Anni pawhin ṭan an la ve a, ethanol deh chhuah pawh an tipung chak khawp mai. Tichuan, April 1, 2019 a lo thlen meuh chuan petrol a ethanol (ethanol-blended petrol) pawlh chu Andaman & Nicobar leh Lakshadweep tih lohah chuan India ram pumah hman a ni ta a ni.

ETHANOL LEH MAU

Ethanol hi kan hmelhriat lem lo pawh a ni ang. A tir te aṭanga Ethanol an siam chhuahna hi chu vaimim te, fu emaw kurtai (molasses) a ni ber. Zu siamtu company-ten an bawlhlo ekchhia, paih tawh tur ethanol siam nan an hmang thei bawk. Amaherawhchu, hetia sawrkarin beihpui a chhuah a, petrol leh ethanol pawlh ramin a hman tak chinah hian sawrkarin ram pawn aṭanga tuialhthei a lakluhna sum tam tak a hum thei ta a ni. NITI Aayog-in a tarlan dan phei chuan kum 2020-21 a ramin tuialhthei ram dang aṭanga a lakluh (import) hi 185 MT niin senso pawh USD maktaduai 55 lai a ni a, hetia Ethanol pawlh petrol hman a nih tak hnu hian ramin Rs. vaibelchhe singthum a hum theih phah a ni a ti. Hei vang hian Ethanol hi a hma aia nasa zawka tihchhuah a duh ta a, chu chu 'Second generation (2G) Ethanol' lo chhuahna hi a ni ta a ni. Sawrkar policy ang chuan he programme hnuaiah hian Ethanol siam nan fu (sugar cane) leh molasses (kurtai) chauh ni tawh lovin thil chi hrang hrang, thlai ṭawih chhia, thing leh mau, hnimhnah (biomass) te, vaimim leh khawpui thli tui aṭang tepawha siam chhuah theihna apiang dap turin mithiamte a thawhtir ta a ni. Oil Refineries kan rama awmte chu a bo a bang awm lovin 2G Ethanol siam chhuak turin sawrkarin a nawr ta chur chur mai.

Chutichuan, he 2G Ethanol rual hian mau aṭanga Ethanol siam chhuah hi technology hman ngai a ni ngei a, mahse, thil harsa tak a ni lo. Ethanol siam chhuah theihna thil hrang hrang zingah mau hi an duh ber pawl a lo ni a. Tin, ‘green energy’ boruak tichhe lutuk lo chi a ni hlauh bawk a, chutichuan, mau ngah ram dinchhuah hun a va ni mawi awm ve! Mau ngah ber zinga hriat, Mizoram tan hian chanchin lawmawm tak a nih rualin chona lian tak a ni nghal. Eizawnna kawng thar ṭha eltiang a inhawng tihna a nih chu. Mizoramin pheichham a man dawn ta em ni? Khawvel ram zau zawkah an chanchinbu larah te chuan “Bamboo to ethanol, India’s biofuel industry to explode into a USD 15 billion market” ti tein phek hma lam an ṭial chiai chuai a ni.

ASSAM STATE AN CHE SANG

He thil thar hi kan Mizoramin engtinnge a lo chhawn ve dawn tih hi zofate tan zawhna pawimawh em em a lo ni ta nghal a. Kan thenawm chiah Chief Minister, Sonowal leh Himanta Sarma te kaihhruai Assam sawrkar hmalak dan leh an hmalakna chak tak hi kan inzir nan tal pawh tarlan a tha awm e. Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) hi Finland ram company Chempolis Oy nena tang dun din (Assam sawrkar pawh share neitu a ni), sum tam tak vawmluhna chuan beihpui chhuahin Ethanol siam turin mau a thial sawm miah miah dawn ta, kum tinin ethanol maktaduai 60 liter a siam chhuak dawn a ni. NRL corporate office hi Guwahati a awm a ni a, Refinery hmun pui hi chu Guwahati aṭanga Km 270 a hla, Morangi, Golaghat District a awm a ni. Tarlan nual tawh angin he Refinery hi Oil India hnuaia awm, India sawrkar leh Assam sawrkar intawm a kum 1999 a din a ni a, technology lama thiamna sang thawhturin Chempolis Oy hi partner a ni bawk a ni. Kum 2014 a chhut danin kumtin metric tonne maktaduai 3 tuialhthei a thlifim thei a, Central sawrkain a dehchhuah tonne maktaduai 9 a pun tir a tum a ni.

THENAWM TEN MIN TLAN SAN TEP

He Refinery hna peng pakhat an belh thar Ethanol siam a ni a. Hemi atana mau barh tur hi a ṭhahnem hle dawn. Kan ṭhenawm State ho hian min fin khalh a ang khawp mai. Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) leh Arunachal Bamboo Resources Development Agency te chuan indawrna thuthlung (MOU) an ziak a, kum tin mau tonne nuai 3 in an chawm dawn. Hetiang tho hian NRL leh Nagaland Bamboo Development Agency te chuan mau tonne nuai 2 an pekna tur thuthlung an ziak fel tawh bawk. Assam rama Karbi Along leh Hima Hasao te biala mau tam tak awm te pawh chhawr an la tum zel dawn a, helai mite eizawnna ṭha tak a inchhawp mek.

Ethanol chungchang hi a lian takzet a, Sawrkar thapui luhna a ni a, state sawrkar tan buaipui a inpuahchahna tham a ni. Mau nei tam tan kut kuangkuaha ṭhut mai mai hun a ni ta lo. Assam sawrkar fing tak hi a che ṭha par par hle a. He thil lo dawngsawng a, mumal taka sawrkar pawhin kut khing hniha a lo thawh theih nan, The Assam Ethanol Production Promotion Policy, 2021 chu an chhawp der tawh a ni. An ching let an ching let tawh a ni. Assam Industrial Policy pawh kum 5 danah a thar an siam a, tunlai hmasawnna thil thar nena inhne rem turin an siam thlap bawk. Rah ṭha mai hmuh tur awm nghal chu: The Sentinel Assam chanchinbu February 8, 2022 a chhuakah chuan Assam rama ethanol siam tum unit 7 din tum company te chuan sawrkar pawmna an nei der tawh. Chumiten sum an vawm luh tum (investment) chu Rs. vaibelchhe 1,159 lawih a ni a, a ram mite hnathawhna zarzo tur mi 4000 chuang an awm thei dawn a, mi 1000 in hna an hmuh phah (direct employment) dawn bawk a ni. Heng Ethanol siam tum company 7 te chetna tur lo dawng sawng turin Industries and Commerce Department chuan 24x7 Support Centre a din a, Unit 6 tan ram pawh an pe fel tawh. NRL lam siam chhuah tiam lovin heng Unit 7 te hian ethanol 970 KLD (kilo liter per day) an ti chhuak thei dawn a, Assam state hi an che ṭha dawn hle a ni.

MIZORAM A INRING EM?

Tarlan ve nghal a remchang bawk a, Mizoram kan inrelbawlna lam hi lo hrut kual lawk ila. Kan ram hi hetiang thil pawimawh tak hlawkpui thama che turin kan inpeih em? A hmasa berah Mizoramin Bamboo Policy te hi a nei mumal em? Mizoram Bamboo Policy hi kan nei ve a, mahse, kum 2002 ami daih tawh a ni. Khatih hun leh tun hun inkarah hian thil tam tak a inthlak tawh. Technology thar lo chhuakah mau hman ṭangkai dan tam tak a lo chhuak tawh. Entir nan; mau aṭanga ethanol siam chhuah te, mau fibre aṭanga thawmhnaw manto siam te, mau aṭanga hmeichhe pad siam te, tissue paper siam te, damdawi leh incheina (cosmetics) te damdawi leh leiṭha siamna te, construction leh architecture zawng zawng te hi Mizoram Bamboo Policy duan laia la lang lo an ni. Mizoram Bamboo Policy hi thil thar suak thei tura siam thar a ngai ta a ni. Ethanol buaipui ve tur kan nih phei chuan ram chhung mi kawnghmang hria kan neih loh avangin pawn lam aṭanga Industry rawn din thei tur kan sawm luh a, dawhthleng ṭha tak kan chhawp sak a ngai dawn. Mizoram Ethanol Production Policy te nei vein Mizoram Industrial Policy te pawh siam thar a ngai ang. Tuna kan hman mek hi, Mizoram Industrial Policy hi 2010 a ni a, tuai thar a hun hrim hrim ang. A siamtu zingah ka tel ve a, khatih lai khan he Policy hman theih hun hi kan tuk ve lo a. Mi state ten kum 5 daih tura an siam ṭhin hi a lo fing a ni (Assam sawrkar pawhin Assam Industrial and Investment Policy, 2019 chu an Notification aṭanga kum 5 daih tih an tarlang kulh a, tuna mi hi 2014 Policy thlakna a ni). Heng Ethanol ruaipui hi kil ve kan ṭum dawn phei chuan kan Policy kaltlanga thil ruahmanna pawh her rem ve zel a ngai dawn a ni.

MAU CHIN TUR DIK ZIR CHIAN

Mizoramah mau aṭanga eizawnna leh industry hlawhtlinpui tak hi kan awm hleithei lo. Ethanol a ni emaw ni lo emaw hmalak dan kan inbih chian a hun khawp mai. Mau ngah hi a ṭha a, mau ching tura kan infuih te, state Chief Minister berin namen lova helam min tui pui hi a lawmawm. Tin, mau industry hlawhtlin pui tur chuan thil mamawh lian tak, ‘Bamboo Linked-Road’ te hi a pawimawh dawn, industry thih leh dam (viability) hriltu a ni si a. Heng te hi chhawr (capitalise) theih turin awm ngei se. Hemi ruala kan hriat tur erawh chu: mau chingtuten kan mau kum 4 hnua kan chhawr dan tur ruahmanna nen mumal taka inhne kan neih a pawimawh. Mau hi chi hrang hrang a tam a. Mau-ah hian Pathianin thil ṭha a bel ṭeuh mai a, mMau hmanna thar tarlan zawng zawngte kha a tichiangtu a ni. Tin, ram ngaw siama environment ti ṭha tur hian a puitlin hma avangin mithiamten thing aiin mau an duh tawh zawk a ni. Hlawk zawka mau hman theih dan dap a ngai. China-in an tih ang a hman ṭangkai dan leh hmanna tur bik riruat anga mau chin pun tur pawh ruahman ila a finthlak. Eng mau nge chin uar tur tih lama inhnial chiam hi a ṭul lo; kan mau chin chi (variety) sum kan chantir lehna tur ‘industrial conversion’ lai tak hi kan tihfuh leh kan ruahman fuh a ngai ber.

Entir nan, thilsiamchhuah tur nger bik (industry-oriented) dik neih a ngai. Mau ṭha chi tiin a engemaw ber lo ching ta ila, a lehpeka kan hmanna tur plan fel tak neih tel thlap loh chuan kan ṭhatpui dawn lo. Entir nan, Bamboo wood plank siam nan chuan Melocana bacifera (mau tak) te chu a hlawk lo hle ang, giganteus te, balcooa te, bambusa bambus te, Brandisi te, Latifora te, bambusa tulda (rawthing) te pawh an ṭha zawk ang. Hetiang hi kan ching uar viau a nih chuan Bamboo wood panel industry siam tumna a awm em? tih te chhut lawk a ngai. Tin, agarbatti stick siam tum te tan chuan mautak te, rawnal te a chi leh thung ang. Chutiang zelin rawtuai food industry din tum tan dendrocalamus hamiltoni (phulrua), rawnal, rawthing te a ṭhat laiin Bambusa bambus te chu a fuh hauh lo thung ang. Chutiang chuan, kan mau chin leh industry hawi kan tum lam hi inhmu mil zel thei tura ruahmanna siam a ṭul khawp mai.

Kan chetsual tawhna ang chi tung te, sawhthing te, oil palm te, hmarcha te ‘anchhe kawng’ kha kan zawh leh a hlauhawm. Kan Bamboo Policy te, kan Industrial Policy te nen inmila bawh bik (thrust area) nei a thil siamna kan bun mil turin mau pawh kan chin a ngai. Beihpui chhuaha Ethanol lam kan hawi dawn erawh chuan kan rama mau ṭha duh chi tawh phawt chu a chin ngam. Mau tlawn, a hnah, a ṭang zawng zawng nen ‘zu bilh’ ang deuha Ethanol atana bilh fai vek tur a ni mai (a sawngbawl a hautak dawn avangin a zawnga zaa Ethanol atana pumbilh erawh chu a harsa thei ang). Englekhawle, Mau ngah ber pawl state ni si hian kan thil hlu neih mau hmang ṭangkai thiam lo kan nih erawh a hlauhawm. Heng chinfel hi keimahni mawh a ni dawn a ni.

- R.L.Rinawma Bamboo Entrepreneur & President, Zoram Management Association