MIZORAM INTODELH NAN DAILUAH LEH NIHAWI

Kan sawi tawh thin kha sawi leh a ngai si a. Kan ram intodelhna leh hnam zahawm kan nih ve theih nan kan ni tin mamawh kan ram thar theih reng awlsam taka kan huan leh kawtkai a kan thar theih mai te hi a nachang kan la hriat loh vang mai mai a ni a. Mizote hi hnam thatchhia kan ni lo va, kan taima em em a, kan hlawkna leh ei tur kan thar theihna a nih phawt chuan nasa taka bei peih hnam kan ni a. In kaihhruaina ṭha leh zirtirna mumal mipuite hian abik takin kan lo neitute hian kan la dawng fuh lo ni berin a lang.

DAILUAH (Dalor Lentils) :

Dailuah hi Bê chi zinga mi a ni a, a scientific hming chu Lens Culnaris an ti a, a species chu Fabaceae chhungkaw zinga mi a ni. Khaw vawt a duh a, vur tla erawh a ngaithei bik chuang lo va, Degree Celcius 10-35 hi a boruak lum leh vawh lamah chuan a duh tawk a. Canada, U S A leh Europe khawmualpui ah te chuan vur tlak zawh hlim khua la vawh laiin an kui ṭiak ṭan a, tichuan nipui a lo thawt tak tak hmain an seng leh hman ṭhin a. India, Pakistan ah te chuan Himalaya tlang chuan hnuai, Rajasthan, U. P, ,M.P., Bihar, Himachal, Karnataka tuifinriat kam tlangram Western Ghat bawr velahte; thlasik vawh lai vur tlak tawh loh hunah an ching deuh ber a. Khawvela thar chhuak tam ber chu Canada ram a ni a, a dawtah chuan India a ni. Dailuah hi a pianhmang hian mit naute a an em avangin Sap ram lamah chuan Lence (Mit naute) aṭangin Lentils tiin an hming an vuah ta a ni. Chuti taka khaw vawt ngaina a nih vang chuan kan ram hi a ṭhat duhna hmun thlasik loh lai pawh a, chin reng theihna hmun tam takah kan nei ngei ang. Amaherawhchu ṭhal laiin tui lamah kan harsat ṭhin avangin. Sawrkar hian tihtakzeta buaipui chu ni se, tui lak theihna hmunah ching ila mi ram thar tur emaw kan ti vek hi kan tharchhuak ve ṭeuh ṭeuh thei dawn a ni. KAN RAM NGEI AH HIAN A MARKET A ṬHA EM EM SI A. STATE PAWN AṬANGA KAN LAKLUH HI THLA KHATAH PAWH QUINTAL SING DAWN A TLING A. Thla hlui mai khan kan Agriculture Minister Pu C Lalrinsanga'n N Vanlalphai ah KVK-in an chin chhin kha a han seng niin kan hria, 'tah pawh khan a hlawhtling tih kan hmu a, kan ramah hian ṭhal laia tui lak theihna hmun leilet zawl pawh hmun tam takah kan nei a, thlasik buh chin loh laiin ching ve ila, kan intodelhna kawng kan hawng ngei ang. Dailuah chin theihna boruak chu Degree Celcius 10-35 ah a thar hlawk theih a, hei hi kan ram boruak Pathianin min pek kan neih mek mil chiah chiah a ni.

Dailuah hi chi hrang tam tak a awm a, chi thum khawvelin kan ei larbik thlur bing ila.

1. Dailuah Uk (Brown Lentils):

Hetiang dailuah hi, tlemin variety dang aiin a per lian deuh a, a hang tui em em bawk. A hmin har deuh vang hian mi tam takin an lei loh phah ṭhin niin an sawi a, chhum hmin ṭhat chuan, a phut deuh ang hian a awm a, a tui em em bik a ni. Tlema a hraw deuh avang hian thar hnem pawh a awl bik an ti a. A kung awm dan erawh chu variety dangte nen hian a inang vek a ni.

2. Dailuah Sen leh Eng (Yellow and Red Lentils):

Hetiang dailuah hi tunlai kan Mizorama kan ei nasat ber hi a ni a. A hmin hma, a siam a nawm avangin duhtu khawvelah an tam ber an ti a ni.

3. Dailuah Hring (Green Lentils):

Dailuah hring hi tlemin tuihnang a ngah bik a, tui ti tan chuan dailuah dang aiin an thlang zawk ṭhin. A sen chi aiin tlemin a lian deuh va, a kung awmdan leh a leilung leh boruak ngeih zawng pawh a variety dangte nen hian thuhmun vek a ni.

Dailuah Chin dan:

Dailuah china tur hmun chu lei khal ni lo, lei dip ṭhaa siam hmasak tur a ni a. Lei dur leh balu lei a ngeih a, a chinna lai tura chu hai vum a, mumal taka tlarin, feet khat leh a chanve kar danah a chi chu tuh mai tur a ni a, kui hmasak a ngai lo. A chi chu Canada leh USA ah te khu chuan Rhiozobium leguminosarum in an chiah hmasa a, hetiang damdawi hi kan ramah pawh lei tur a awm ve tho awm e. He damdawi hi tui nena pawlhin rei lo te darkar khat an chiah hmasa a, chu tia an chiah zawh chuan an phoro leh hmasa phawt a, tichuan inch khata thukin bi khatah pakhat zel an tuh ta ṭhin a ni. He damdawi chiahna hian dailuah kungin a thar tam theih nana a mamawh nitrogen a kunga petu leh special bacteria a tihpun theih avangin, khawthlang lam ram Canada USA leh Europe ah te chuan an uar hle a ni. A hman dan chu a burah a inziak vek ang.

Phun Pawlh theih thlaite:

Dailuah hi thil hang tui a nih avangin rannung eichhetu an tam thei a, heng laka venpui tur hian thlai zam chi: Changkha te Bean te, Fanghmate feet 10 kar danah an ching ṭhin a, mahse dailuah kung tibuai lovin a zamna mumal tak an siam a, heng thlaite hi an thar kawp nasa thei hle a ni.

A ram leilung sawng bawl dan chu Balu ṭin khat, ekdur ṭin hnih, leitak ṭha ṭin thum hisapin an ngeih em em a. Dailuah kung hi a ningnel hle a, chuvang chuan lei sanghet deuhah chuan a zung a kaih ṭha hleithei lo va, lei thawl (loomy soil) leh balu lei a duh tam a ni. Purun leh balhla lam chi chu phun pawlh hauh loh tur a ni thung. Dailuah hian Be chi dang ang bawkin a zung aṭang hian lei tiṭhatu Atmospheric Nitrogen leh Rhizobia a pek chhuah ṭhin avangin a chinna hnuah hian wheat te Buh te pawh ching ila an ṭha duh hle a ni.

A kung enkawl dan:

Dailuah hi tuh aṭanga ni 110 ah a seng theih tlangpui a, ni kang ṭhatna hmunah chuan ni 100 ah te pawh an seng ṭhin bawk. Tuh aṭanga ni 10 velah a to ṭhin a, hetia a ṭo hlim rawn chawr chhuak hi a peng tam tak a awm nghal ṭhin avangin leiah an pengte hi an awm nuaih ṭhin a, hetiang hi ven vat a ngai a, a pengho kha cheh chhum zung zung a, a zik ziding khat mau phel sawh phunin ṭawn bet a, van lam hawi zawnga ngil taka dintir thuai thuai tur a ni. A kung hi a ningnel hle a, a hnah leh a rah a buk nasa thei si a, a kung hian a dawl loh fo avangin, a ṭanpuitu (a stand) hmawlh rinawm tak vih phuna ṭawn beh zel ni se la, a zarin emaw a hnah emaw lei siktir loh tur a ni.

Dailuah kung puitling chu feet hnih aṭanga feet thum inkar a ni tlangpui ṭhin a, mahni inah pawh polipot ah thar chhuah ṭeuh ṭeuh theih a ni.

Chutia a rah kan seng chu a kawr uk pante in a tuam a, hemi kawr hi khawl emawa her fai a ngai a, a herna a vai leh a kungte chu an her dip pawlh leh a, ran chaw, Bawng , Vawk, Sangha leh Ar tan te a ṭha em em a, a kung ro leh a vai herdip hian a dailuah tak ang thovin Vitamin a pai tam a, to tak takin an hralh ṭhin. Dailuah hi aṭangkai em em a, a kung aṭangin paih pakhat mah a awm lo a ni.

Kan ramah hi chuan kan boruakin a zir bawk a, kum khatah vawi thum nuamsain a thar theih ang a, tlangramah pawh thar chhuah theih a ni ngei ang fur pui lai pawh a, chin chi a ni tho bawk nen. Mahni ram thar ngei ei ila kan hrisel phah ngei ang a, a market a ṭha em tia inzawh fo ngai lovin, a market chu ṭhenawmte Choka a ni nghal mai a ni.

NIHAWI (SUNFLOWER):

Nihawi hi B C 2100 daih tawh aṭang khan America ram leilung fate ho (Red Indian) khuan a chi chu kamram atan an lo ei tawh a, Mexico ram aṭanga Canada hmarchhak lam Bristish Colombia-a chenghote chuan an lo ching tawh a, a hriak ṭhatzia leh a mu aṭanga sawr a hlawk theihzia te, Europe khawmualpui chuan an ngaihtuah lem lo ni awm tak a ni a, a mu kan puah a, kamram atan chuan an siam nasa em em ṭhin. A.D. 1950 bawr chho vel aṭangin Russian Agriculture Scientist te chuan research beiin anṭam tel leh oil palm te ai pawhin mihring tan thau chhia a siam tlem ber a ni tih an hmuhchhuah aṭangin, Russia sawrkar chuan beihpui an thlak ta a, khawvel ram hrang hrangah Nihawi tel chu an thawnchhuak ta ur ur mai a, chuta aṭang chuan khawvelin nihawi chin hi an intihhmuhin, tel siamna pui ber atan an hmang ta a ni.

Russia rama Nihawi hmunte chu mit tlin tawka en tur a awm a, a ram a ram hian an par eng tek tuk mai a ni.

Nihawi hi variety tam tak a awm a, Helianthus family a ni a. Pangpar chi hrang hrang Nihawi chhungkua (Family) an awm ṭeuh bawk a, mihring ei chi hi chu Helianthus Annus hi khawvela a hriak sawr atana hman ber a lo ni ta a. Hemi Annus aṭang pawh hian chi hrang tam tak a la awm a, Russian Giant, te India Super te an ti bawk a. India ramah hi chuan India super hi a tel a hlawk bik em em a, Nihawi mu kg khat aṭangin a hriak gram 350 a thar thei an ti a. Russian Giant hi chu a par parh lian em em a, mahse a hriak a hlawk lo an ti ve thung a ni.

NIHAWI KUNG:

Nihawi kung hi dan tlangpuiin feet li aṭanga feet ngate a ni thei a, tunlai thiamna sang zelah Hybrid-in a kung tawi te te feet-hnih leh a chanvea sang a par lian em emte an ni hlawm, mahse India rama loneitu tam takte hi chuan hybrid hi a hlawk lo zawkin an hria a. A chhan chu a kung sang pui puiah khan a zar peng tam tak a lo awm ve thei a, heng a peng par aṭang hian a chi tam tham tak a seng ve theih tho ṭhin avangin, hybrid loh hi an thlang zawk fo a ni. Tuna India variety a loneitute chin lar ber chu Super India tiin a hming an vuah ve mai a, a mu te chi mah se a hriak a hlawk em em a ni an ti a. A hmaa sawi tawh angin he India Super ah hian a chi KG khatah a hriak 350 Gram a sawr chhuah theih a, hybrid ah chuan emaw foreign-a mi chu gram 250-300 chauh a sawr chhuah theih an ti a ni.

Nihawi phun dan:

Nihawi chi hi a ṭiak duh em em a, tuh aṭanga ni 7-10 ah a ṭo mai ṭhin a. Hetia a lo ṭiak hi a kung nem tak chu a ṭhang duang hle a, mau emaw thingtuai emaw a bulah nghet taka sawh phun a, ṭawn beh loh chuan thli thawah a kung a sawp mai thei ṭhin a ni. Phun aṭanga chawlhkar 5-6 ah a par ṭan a, nisa a mamawh em em avangin nisatna lam apiang kha a par hian a hawi zel avangin Nihawipar or Sunflower an tih phah ta a ni. Nikhatah darkar 6 tal ni a hmuh loh chuan a mu a nei tha ṭhin lo va. Chuvangin nisa a dawn ṭhat theihna hmunah phun hram hram tum tur a ni. A par aṭanga a mu rawn insiam chhung hian hun a duh rei a, thla khat leh a chanve lai hun a mamawh a ni. A seng hun hriatna chu a par hnung lam chu a rawn eng veleh an hlep thla a, nisaah kar khat dawn lai an pho leh ṭhin a ni.

NIHAWI PAR EICHHETU RANNUNG te:

Nihawi hi a par a vulmawi avang leh a par a len em avangin rannung ei chhetu an tam duh hle a, phengphehlep eng tui ngah takin an bawm chuan a parah an tui nghal a, pangang eichhetu a hring ṭeuh ṭhin a. Tin, Rannung thlawk thei ril zam chiin a bawm chuan a par hlai tak chhung lamah ril an zam ṭhin bawk, heng hian note tam tak tak an hring a, nihawi chi chu mu insiam thei lovin an fawp chhe fo ṭhin. Heng eichhetu laka ven nan chuan a kung hi net pan tein an zar hliah ṭhin bawk.

Heng rannung eichhetu bakah hian a kung hi hmuarin a ei duh khawp a, a hnah hlai pui pui chuan a kung bul vel rei tak tak a tih hnawn ṭhin a vangin hmuar hri a piang duh hle a, chuvangin a hnah ro leh kaurau ho chu paih fai vat vat a ngaih bakah tui tling thei lo tura a kung bul vel vil reng a ngai bawk a ni.

A THAR THEIH ZAT:

Ram hectare khatah Nihawi chi hi quintal 15-17 a thar theih a, chuta ṭang chuan a hriak thar theih zat chu quintal 13 vel a ni thei.

A sawrna fu hi dailuah ang bawkin ran chaw leh sangha chaw atan an hmang nasa a, man to tak takin a hralh theih reng bawk a ni.

THLAI CHIN PAWLH CHI TE:

Nihawi hi ama kung a hruang hrau avang hian thlai chi dang a bulah an ṭha thei lo va. A chinna hnuah Bekang erawh an ching ṭhin a, Bekang zung hian Nihawi tan a ṭha, Nitrogen a pek chhuah hnem avangin Nihawi seng zawhah Bekang an ching a, tichuan a bekang seng zawhah Nihawi tan a chinna hmun kha ramchang leiṭhaah a lo insiam hman ṭhin a ni.

Tunlai khawvel pumpui boruakah Russia a thar hnem ber ram chuan Ukrain a run avangin an ram thil tharchhuahte chu thawnchhuak thei loa hrek beh an lo ni ta a. Kan ram market pawh a nghawng a ni chek ang nihawi hriak litre khat Rs. 260 a kai ta der mai, kan ramah hian a herna khawl kan mihausate rawn pen chhuakin han bun teh u khai, Nuaih sawm lo liam sen a ngai lo vang, tichuan a market pawh ṭhenawmte choka bawk a ni mai. A va hlawk dawn tak em.

- Veronica K Zatluangi