AIZAWL HIMNA DAN KHA ENGTIKAH NGE?

22nd June, 2020

Kum 2017 April ni 4-a The Mizoram Gazette (Extraordinary)-ah khan, India rama dân la awm ngai lo leimin kan tuar ṭhin avânga dân thar, ‘The Aizawl Municipal Corporation (Site Development and Slope Modification) Regulations 2017’ a lo piang a. Kan khawpui hian a mamawh ûm avângin nghahkhlel taka kan thlirlaiin, tun thleng hian hman a nih theih nan AMC-in thuchhuah (order) a la siam lova. Kum 2019 khan he dân thlirzauna hi ka’n nei tawh na a, kumin hian lei laih avanga min kan tuar leh nual takah chuan, a tlangpui han sawi nawn leh ila.

He him beiseina dân thar lo pian chhuah nân hian Geo Hazards Society-te an thawh hlâwk hle a. Kum 2013 April ni 25 khan Mizoram sorkar nûn leilung chhiatna - lirnghing lian tham thleng thei lak ata him theihna atâna hmalâk nân thuthlung an ziak a. State sum pai sûng miah lovin, Munich RE insurance company ṭanpuinain US mithiam leh ram chhûng miten kan ram an zirchiang a.

Hemi kal zûlah rawtna hrang hrang hûng - Landslide Policy Committee for Aizawl City te, Landslide Hazard Map (Leimin awm theihna leh zia deuhna hmun tarlanna) te, Geologic Review Board te, training buatsaih te leh Building Regulations hmanlai tichak lehzual turin dân thar siamte an rawt a. Hûng an rawtnate hi AMC-in tihlawhtlingin, California lama inhmun laih leh buatsaih kawnga an dân en chungin, dân thar hi a lo piang ta a ni.

Lei min kan tawh ṭhinte a lo reh a, a lo ziaawm theih nân, inhmun emaw, engemaw hmun siam nâna lei laih ngai a nih chuan Geologist-te endik leh phalna a ngai tawh dawn a, hei hi he dânin a tinzâwn ber pakhat a ni. AMC dân tharin a sawi ṭhenkhatte hi hanlawr dan danila (https://amcmizoram.com/documents/act-rules/).

Thil thar awm

1 Geologic Review Board: Dilna lo endiktu tur

2 Landslide Policy Committee for Aizawl City

Dântharin a huam lohte:

3 Map-a leimin hlauhawm lohna hmun (Low Hazard Zone) a tarlan te, in sakna hmun tur awih zâwnga 24o aia zâl.Hei hian in zawng zawng- Assam type, concrete building, etc. a huam.

4 In hmun laih leh sak phalsak tawhna hmun, a tlawhpawhna tur kawng laih ngaiah, a sân zâwnga 1m pûl lo emaw lei vûng 10m volume tling lo emaw a nihin. Hei hian vântlang kawng a pawh ang, a kawi ulh tur a ni lo.

5 Thlan laih

6 AMC enkawl bawlhhlawh paihna hmun laih khuar

7 Hmun laih tur sân zâwng 1m khûm lo emaw, in hmun pakhata lei vûng 10m volume tling lo emaw a nihin.

8 Hmun fal leh reh, lei laih avânga vântlang tana harsatna awm lo tur, AMC official-in a remtih pui chuan.

9 Rikrum thilah - mi nunna leh in leh lo hlauhawma a awma chhan chhuah leh ti ziaawm tura lei laih ngaiah.

10 Defence Ministry tih loh, central leh state sorkar, Semi Government Department leh NGO-ten an hmun siam nâna lei laih a ngai a nih chuan, phalna lâk phawt a ngai.

Hriat turte

1 Regulations hmasa anga in sak phalna pûk tawh pawh, a sak belh dâwna lei laih ngai a awm a nih chuan, phalna lâk nawn leh a ngai. Hmun laih avânga vântlâng leh mimal thil hlauhawma a awm loh nân a dâwlna/ danna siam tur a ni. Hetiang siam lo emaw, siam tho, chim leh si avânga vântlâng leh mimal thilin a tuar a nih chuan AMC Commissioner lungawina ang thlapin a siam ṭha tur a ni.

2 AMC-a dilnaah Local Council leh in sakna tur hmun (LSC) hualtu zawng zawngte aṭangin laih an remtihna, No Objection Certificate (NOC) lâk a ngai. Geologic Review Board-in a phalsakna, NOC a ngai a, lei laih a ngaih thûk zâwng leh a vûng zât leh a laih dân tur a lema tar langin thil tel a ngai. In sakna tur hmunhma lang thei tura chiang taka tarlangin, 5m huam chhûnga in emaw, kawngpui emaw pawh chhinchhiah tur a ni. Hmun sân zâwng leh awih tlân awm dan te, tuiluankawr dinhmun leh kawr awm hnai ber pawh ziah tel a ngai.

3 Regular Site Development: Dân tharin a huam loh te sawina ṭawngkam hi a ni a, hmun zâl leh rem a ni ber. Lei vûng 200m3 aia tam lo pawh a dâwlna siam ngai lo hmun a ni. A dâwlna- lungrem, etc siam a ngaih chuan ‘Engineered Site Development’ tihna a ni thung.

4 Engineered Site Development: Landslide Hazard Map-a leimin thlen mai theihna leh hlauhawm a tarlan- Moderate, High & Very High Zone te hi a ni a, awih tlân hret 24o aṭanga a aia awih zawng hmun hi a ni.

Low Hazard Zone ami pawh kha ni se, lei laih ngai kha 3m aia sâng a ni emaw, 200m3 lei vûng a tling emaw, lungrem, etc. a ngai a nih chuan hemi hnuaia dah hi a ni. Hetiang ang hi Aizawl hmun tam berte hi a ni - hengte hi AMC-a in sak dil dâwnin thil tel a ngai ang.

* Local Council leh in sakna tur hmun (LSC) hualtu zawng zawngte aṭangin laih an remtihna lâk a ngai. Local Council te hian a hmunhma him loa an hriat chuan NOC an pe lo thei. Hemi avânga lungawi lo chuan Geologic Review Board-ah phalsak thei turin an dil thei thung.

* Lei laih dân tûr leh a vûng awm thei awm zât chhût chhuah a ngai a. AMC hnuaia endik phalna nei Engineering Geologist emaw Geotechnical Engineer emaw ruaiin, in sakna tur hmun report a ziah a ngai. A ni hian, lei emaw lung emaw laboratory-ah a test tir leh a ngai a (Geotechnical investigations); hmunhma dinhmun chiang takin a lem a ziak ang a, laboratory test azirin a ṭul angin him na tûrin rawtna a siam nghal ang. He a report hi Geologic Review Board-in a thlir nawn leh ang.

* In sakna atâna hmanraw hman tur bîkte ziahna thil tel a ngai a. Tuiluankawr siam dân tur leh, a luan zûlna tur tihlanna te, inthiarna leh thli dang chhuahna tur pawh ziah tel a ngai.

* Hmunhma siamna tur hian in zawng zawng - Assam type, concrete building, etc. a huam.

• AMC-in ruah sur hun lai chuan lei laih phallohna thuchhuah a siam maithei a. Fur lai chuan in hmun laih a remti lo thei.

• In hmun laih phalna pûk hman theih chhûng hi kum khat a ni (calendar year).

• Dânin a phût anga ṭul hranghrang in sa turte endik/ enpui tur, an chhawr turin Professional licence holder hrang hrang- Engineering Geologist te, Civil Engineer leh, Soil/ Geotechnical Engineer te ni tura dil thei chin, mawhphurhna leh ṭul dangte tarlan a ni.

He dân aṭanga chiang tak chu, eng in pawh a huap vek avângin in sa tur chuan thil ṭul a tam hret dâwn tih hi. Directorate of Geology & Mineral Resources-a Geologist te rin tur an nih hmûl a. Kum 2016 October ni 7-a The Mizoram Gazette-a Geologist rawih man leh, lei/ lung test man te hi a tlângpui chauh han tarlang leh ila.

• Geotechnical investigation khawihtu lawmman: Rs. 7,000/-

• Geological mapping siam man (1:25,000): Rs. 2,500/- per 50 m2

• Lei chhûng verh ngai a nihin (bungraw phurh velna, a hmuna awmna siam, etc. a ruaitu tum tur): Metre khata thûkah Rs. 600/-

• Geotechnical laboratory charge, lei (soil):- Rs. 4,000/- per sample (Test pathum, tih

ṭul ngei tur a huam)

• Geotechnical laboratory charge, lung (rock):- Rs. 10,000/- per sample (Test panga, tih ṭul ngei tur a pawimawh zual

a huam)

Geotechnical investigation hi tih ngei ngei ngai tur a la ni dawn a. Tun dinhmuna test theihnate chu- Central PWD Lab. (Zuangtui), Dir. of Geology & Mineral Resources (Luangmual), Dept. of Civil Engineering, MZU (Tanhril) leh Dept. of Geology, PUC (College Veng) ah te a ni.

Engineering lama senso tûr chhût tel lovin, Assam type emaw, pucca building emaw pawh ni se, in pangngai sa turin dân ang thlapa tih chuan Rs. 20,000 - 50,000 sûn a ngaih hmûl. Geologist/ Geotechnical Engineer-in leilung dinhmun a zir hian kan in sak duh dan ang takin rem a ti lo thei a. In sak phalna kan hmu ngei dâwn em tih a la chiang lo bawk. Heng hnuah hian Building Regulations kan hmanlai ang hian Engineer leh Architect rawihna a ngai bawk ang. Mahse, kan himna zâwk tur a ni tih hria in, zawm thei tura kan inkau deuh pawh a ṭul ang.

Dan tharin behchhan bera a neih tur, map hman tur tak hi tih chhuah a la ni lo a. Tun hnaiah he dan pawhin a behchhan theih mai tur chu September ni 19, 2019 khan kan Minister zahawm tak, Dr. R. Lalthangliana'n a tlangzarh a. Hei hi Directorate of Geology & Mineral Resources buatsaih, ‘Delineation of Urban Development Zone with special reference to Landslide Risk and Slope Stability: Aizawl city, Mizoram’ tih a ni. NEC hnuaia project aṭanga buatsaih a ni.

Kum 2014-ah bul ṭanin, tehkhawng chi hrang hranga hmanga teha uluk taka zirchianna neih a nih hnuah, Aizawl khawpuia lei min hlauhawmna hmun hi chi hrang panga-ah an ṭhen a. Very High Hazard Zone (VHHZ) hnuaiah sq. km. 51.42 (29.41%) zet awmin, hmun awih leh kham chhengchhia niin, in leh hmalakna lian tham dang siam a him lo a. High Hazard Zone (HH) awm lehin, sq. km. 80.16 (45.86) zet hei hian a awh. A leilung chak zawng leh dinhmun dik tak en fiaha zir hnuah, mithiamte (Geologist & Engineer) rawn ang thlapa hmalak a nih loh chuan, in lian leh hmalakna lian tham neih nana him loah dah a ni.

A hnuaiah, Moderate Hazard Zone (MH) awmin sq. km. 40.50 (23.17%) a awh a, hemi huam chhungah hian a leilung dinhmun enfiah hnuah hmalak a ngai ang a, in lian thamah chuan inven lâwkna ṭha tak siam a ngai thung ang. Low Hazard Zone (LH) in sq. km. 2.7 (1.54%) chauh a awh a, leilung dinhmun thlir chungin lei laih ngai pawh laih nise, tih a ni.

Kan leilung hian a zir lo a, a veng ang zâwnga hmun him tia han sawi chu a harsa a, in leh lo lei duh leh sa duh tan chuan, leilung dinhmun hria râwn a ngai tho dâwn a ni.

AMC Building Regulations tifamkimtu tur a ni a. Aizawl himna atâna a hre zâwkte duan a nih avângin zawm thei turin lo inbuatsaih ila. He dân hi hmang thei ila chu, tuna kan harsatna tawh ṭhin ang tam tak hi kan pumpelh theih a rinawm. Nakin hun atan up bet reng lovin, a hma lamin he dân hi hmang thei ila a duhawm khawp mai. Mipuiten harsatna kan tawh theihte hre chung siin, kan himna atâna dân hi siam a ni tih hre bawk ila. A taka hman a nih hnuah felhlel a awm chuan a siam ṭhat (amend) hma theih bawk ang a. Thuneitu lamin he dan hi hman turin thuchhuah an la siam lo zel a nih pawhin, inhmun lai tur chuan Geologist emaw Engineer emaw i râwn zûl ang u. Harsatna leh buaina kan tawh hnua kan koh chauh hian a pawi zo tawh ṭhin. Siam leh nan sum leh pai tam tak a ngai tawh ṭhin si a.