Ram leilung fa - Part II (Ramri kham thu)

Sap sawrkar chuan Bengal awp felin 1826-ah India hmarchhak an luh chilh ṭan a. Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) tlang ram dai dar loh zau taka lo khawsa ṭhin hnam hrang hrang, vawiina Mizo tia koh takte chenna ram pawh ṭhen hrangin an duh danin ramri an siam ta zel a. Heng Mizo hnam hrang hrangte pawh hi ram bung hrangah an rin darh ta hlawm a ni.

Sap sawrkar leh Bengal chhak lam ram

Vai Len vawikhatna (1871-72) hma khan ramri kham fel a awm lo a. Saphovin CHT-a cheng leh khawsa hnam hrang hrangte an hriat dan pawh a chiang lo hle. Mahse, 1826 leh 1871 inkar khan Mizo hnam hrang hrangte leh an vela cheng hnam dangte an inrun tawn fo avangin sawrkar chuan CHT chhunga a mi leh sate chu humhim ṭulin a hria a. CHT-ah muanna a awm theih nan a khawchhak lama cheng, an tana hnawksak tak Mizote chu tuk dawla ramri kham felsak an tum ta a. Hemi leh chhan dangte avangin Vai Len vawikhatna kha a lo thleng ta a ni.

Vai len vawikhatna leh a nghawng

Vai Len vawikhatna kha Mizo history-ah a pawimawh hle. Sapho leh Mizote kha lo intawng tawh mah se, 1871 hma lam chuan Mizo lalte hrem kha an duh tawk mai a. Vai len vawikhatna aṭang erawh chuan Mizo hnam kha zirin an bel chiang ṭan a, hriat chian tumin beihpui an thlak chhunzawm ta a ni.

Sapho khan an thlen tawh chin ramte uluk takin an zir chiang ṭhin a. An awp tawh leh awp an tum ram chanchin chu chipchiar taka zirin an chhinchhiah a, a chin chhuakin ziaka dah an duh ṭhin. Chuvang chuan ram thlithlaia teh turte tirin hna chanpual an sem a. A ṭhenin a ram leilung en fiahin, ṭhenkhatin ramhmul an zir bing a, ṭhenkhatin a hnam chengte an zir chiang ve thung ṭhin. Ram rorel awlsam zawk nan an duh leh remchan danin ri an kham a, a ram mite an rawn ngai lo.

CHT khawchhak lam hmawr tawng (frontier) zir chiangte chuan ri khamna tur rawtna fel tak an siam nghal a. Captain Badgley-a leh Cooke-a te kaihhruaina-in sipai hmun (outpost) kulhna tur an en thlithlai bawk. CHT chhak lam ram a ralmuan zawk theih nan Tlabung khua, Sirte tlang, Uiphum tlang, Saichal tlang, Salut lui/ Sungoo ruam leh hmun dangah sipaite an in kulh ta a ni (EB Elly: 1893).

Ramri kham thu

CHT Deputy Commissioner TH Lewin-a chuan Sirte, Uiphum leh Saichal tlangdungte chu an thuneihna huam chin atan leh ramri kham nan a rawt a. Captain Badgley-a leh Lieutenant Governor te chuan tlangdung aia lui ruam hman a remchan zawk thu an sawi thung a (Foreign and Political Dept. Report 1874). Tichuan, 1873-ah tlangdung hrula lui luangte chu ramri kham nan an pawm tlang ta a ni (Chambers: 1899). Hmarah Behliang chhip dung aṭangin Sazek/Tuilianpui lui chhim luang zawhin, Karnafuli/Khawthlang Tuipui lui chu an ring zel a; chhim lamin Khawthlang Tuipui fintu, Tuichawng lui zawhin Arakan a ri thung a ni (Foreign and Political Dept. Report 1874).

Sap rorelna chhawp hnai a, Mizote awm chilh a, inlaichinna ṭha zawk nei turin ri hi siam a ni (Chambers: 1899). Hei hi Sap sawrkar hnuaia CHT ram china ngaih a ni a, Mizo hnam tam zawkte ram tur erawh rin fel a la ni lo.

Hetih lai hian Rothangpuia chung­chang pawh an ngaihtuah nasa hle a. Superintendent of Hill Tracts, Raban-a hova January ni 1, 1861-a Rothangpuia an run ṭuma a lal ram chu Fenny lui hnar leh Karnafuli/ Khawthlang Tuipui infinna bawr vel a nih thu Mackenzie chuan a sawi (Mackenzie: 1884). Lewin-an Sirte tlanga a chenna in chu ama ngenna avanga Rothangpuia leh a mite sak a nih thu a tar lang bawk (Lewin: 1977). Hei hian heng lai ram hi Rothangpuia thuneihna ram a ni tih a tilang chiang hle.

Rothangpuia kha an ṭhian leh thawhpui anga an ngaih vangin a ram hauh chin pawh Sapho ramri siam tharah an rin lut tel a. CHT khawchhak lam ramri atana ruahman leh sipai kulh sakna, a bikin Uiphum leh Sirte tlangdung chuan Rothangpuia ram a tan tlang vangin chumi rama lo neite laka chhiah lak phalna sawrkar chuan a pe nghe nghe (Foreign and Political Dept. Report 1874).

Cachar chhim lam, Tripura leh CHT chhunga an mite ven him nan sawrkar chuan dan thar, Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation I of 1873 chu a duang ta a (Mackenzie: 1884). Chu chuan tlang mite nena an ri tur siam theihna a keng tel. Chu dan hmang chuan 1879-ah Lieutenant Governor of Bengal thuneihna-in Chittagong Hill Tracts (District) Inner Line an siam ta a ni. Inner Line hian 1873-a lui dung zawha ri an lo kham chin kha a huam a (Foreign and Political Dept. Report 1874). Hei hi ramri pangngai (boundary) ni lovin sawrkarin a mi leh sate ven him nana a hauh chin (frontier line) a ni a. Inner Line pel tur chuan District awptu Deputy Commissioner phalna neih ngei a ṭul ta a ni.

1871-72 Vailen hnua CHT-khawchhak lama cheng Kuki-te tuk dawl an nih hnu chuan CHT-a Sapho khua leh tuiten khawchhak ram ruak an zuan chiam chu sawrkar chuan ṭha a ti lo a. Sapho thuneihna hnuaia lalte chu CHT khawchhak lam (Bawrkawlh leh Saichal ram) pel lo turin thu an pe ta a ni. Hei hi CHT khawchhak lama cheng Sailo te leh mahnia ro inrela khawsa Kuki hnam

ṭhenkhat te leh Sapho khua leh tuite inkara buaina chhuah hlauh vang a ni. Hei bakah hian Bawrkawlh leh Saichal tlangdung thlang lama cheng chhunzawm tur Kuki-te chuan Sapho lakah lo/ ram chhiah Rs.4/- chawi a ṭul thu leh chhiah chawi lo tur chuan sawrkar phalna hmun Saichal leh Bawrkawlh chhak lam Rothangpuia thuneihna hnuaiah, a chhiah khua leh tui ni tura pem a ṭul thu tar lan a ni bawk (Foreign and Political Dept. Report 1874). Hei hi ramri vanga hnamte daidan ṭanna niin a lang.

1873-a sawrkar ri kham bawh pelhin Mizo lalte chu an la che fo a. Heng lalte tlawm tur hian sawrkar chuan 1889-90 khan sipai ṭhahnem tak a tir chhuak leh a, chu chu Vai Len vawi hnihna chu a ni. Hemi ṭum hian Mizo lalte chu hnehin Sapho chuan an awp chhunzawm ta a. Mizote ram chu North leh South Lushai Hills-ah ṭhenin, Bawrsapte ram awp chin atan 1873-a ri an lo siam tawh chu Inner Line ramri atan an ring zui ta a ni (Robert Reid: 1942).

Sirte, Uiphum tlangdung leh Tlabung ramte chu 1873-a ri siamah CHT lama bet ni mah se, 1892-ah South Lushai Hills a bet turin an duang ṭan a. Ramri atan Tuichawng lui aiah Kawrpui/Thega lui zawk ruahman a ni ta bawk (Robert Reid: 1942). September ni 6, 1895-a Government of India Act, 1865 (28 and 29 Vict., Cap. 17) section 4 beh chhana South Lushai Hills leh Rothangpuia lal ram (Tlabung/ Demagiri huam telin) Bengal Province-a an lo dah chu sutin, Chief Commissioner of Assam enkawlna hnuaiah an dah ta a. Tichuan, April ni 1, 1898-ah South leh North Lushai Hills chu Lushai Hills District tia vuahin, Assam hnuaiah an dah ta a ni (Robert Reid: 1942). Hei hi Governor-General in Council hnena Government of India Act, 1854 (17 and 18 Vict., Cap. 77) section 3 hmanga thuneihna a pek ang leh Secretary of the State for India hriatpuina-a tih a ni a. He ramri hi tun thlengin Mizoram leh Bangladesh inrina atan hman chhunzawm a ni ta zel a ni.

1892 kum vek hian CHT lam enkawlna dan thar duan a ni a. A aia kimchang zawka thuam ṭhat a nih hnu-ah Regulation 1 of 1900 vuahin CHT ram chhunga chengten mahnia ro an inrelna tur dan kimchang tak siam nghal a ni bawk (Hutchinson: 1906). He dan hian Inner Line Regulation-in Sap ramri kham hmanga Lushai Hills District chhunga ram leilung fate a hung bing ang bawkin CHT-a ram leilung fate chu khauh takin a hung bing ve bawk. 1892 hnu lama Sapho ramri kham chuan CHT leh Lushai Hills chu rolrelna hrang hlakah a ṭhen ta a. Sapho dan khauh tak hmangin CHT leh Lushai Hills chhunga hnamte chu an chenna ram ve ve-ah ram leilung fa nihna siamsak an lo ni ta a ni.

Tlipna

Kum zabi 15-na aṭanga kum zabi 20-na chho vel thlenga Sapho-in ram hrang hrang an dai dar vangin khawvel kalphung a danglam nasa hle a. Anmahni chin dan leh tih dan chu an thlenna hmun apiangah chhawmin an keng kawh zel a. An ram awpte ri khamsakin a hnam chengte chu rambung hrang hrangah an ṭhen darh fo a. Ramri hmanga leilung fate ṭhen darh an nih tik apiangah ramri siamtu chu Sapho zel kha an ni. Anmahni do let thei tur khawpa hnam inhlawm lian tur kha ṭhen hran an duh vangin ramri thiltihtheihna hmangin an awpte kha an thunun ṭhin a ni.

Mizote khawsakna ngei pawh rambung hrang hrangah behtir niin ram pathum, India, Myanmar leh Bangladesh-ah sem darh an ni a. India ram chhungah pawh state ramri hmanga ṭhen hran an nihna hian nghawng a nei thuk hle. Rambung hranga awm hian inzawm khawm a tiharsa a. Ramri kual khat chhunga chengte chuan hnam khat nihna rilru an pu fo ṭhin. Mizote paw’n kan chen ho loh vang hian tun thlengin hnam hming chungchanga thu khat vuak harsa kan tih phah hle a nih hi.

Sapho ramri khamin a ken tel langsar leh pawimawh ber pakhat chu ‘ram mi’ (ram leilung fa) leh ‘ram dang mi’ thliar hranna lo piang ta kha a ni. CHT khua leh tuite chu Lushai Hills/ Mizoram tan ‘ram dang mi’ lo niin Lushai Hills khua leh tuite pawh CHT-ah chuan ‘ram dang mi’ an lo ni ta. Lushai Hills-a Sap sawrkar chuan dan thuneihna-in ram leilung fa leh ram dangmi chu chiang takin a ṭhen a; ‘Lushai’ (Mizo) leh ‘non-Lushai’ (non-Mizo) tiin a thliar hrang ta a ni. Hei vang hian Sap sawrkar chuan ram leilung fa leh ram dang mi (foreigner) te nihna leh dinhmun tichiang tur dan siamin a lek kawh ta reng a ni.

- Albert Vanlalruata, Joseph Lalzarliana, Lalchhanhima, Lalhlimpuii Pachuau, Rosaline Varsangzuali