TUNHNAI MIZORAM LIRNGHING BIHCHHANNA

Mizoram mipuiten kan la tawn ngai zen zen loh, kan ram chhung ngeia lirnghing insiam (Epicentre) kan tawng ta mawlh mawlh ta mai a. Hei hian Mizoram mipuite min tichiaiin, a bik takin tuipuiral mipuite nasa takin a tiralkhel. 

Lirnghing chungchang leh a thlen theitute pawh nasa takin social media lamah theh darh a ni tawh a. Hemi chungchangah hian Mizoram University Team te chuan mipuite hnenah thil awm dan leh kan hriat ang chin te hrilh hriat ṭhain kan hria a. 

Keimahni team-in hemi kan zirna kawngah hian  kan thawhpui National Centre for Seismology (NCS), New Delhi, North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat leh National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Hyderabad, Columbia University, USA  leh George Mason University, USA te berawn pah rengin zirchianna kan nei a. Kan hmuhdan leh hriat dan tlangpui hetiang hi a ni. 

Leilung innek sawr dan

Khawvel leilung pawn­lang 0-40 km chin vel hi a sakhatin a ziarangah chuan a ramin a keh/ khi awlsam bik hle a. Hemi hnuaiah hian temperature leh pressure a san tawh avangin leilung hi a nel hle tawh thung. Lei hnuai km 100 vel aṭanga km 2900 a thuk inkar vel hi mantle tia vuah a ni a. He mantle-ah hian tui kan chhuan a a hnuai lam tui sa lai chunglam a rawn chho a, a vawt hnuai lama a chhuk ṭhin ang hian kan lei chhungrilah pawh hian leilung hi a in lumlet ve reng a ni. 

Hemi avang hian a chung­lama leilung sakhat zawk (Lithospheric plate) hi a che reng a, a ṭhen laiah a insu a, a ṭhen laiah a inṭhen darh bawk a. Tin, a ṭhen laiah a inpelhsawlh ṭhin bawk a ni. India leh Eurasian plate insutna/ inneksawrna (Convergent plate boundary) zingah Mizoram leilung hi a tel a. Hemi rual hian Mizoram hi chhaklam aṭangin Burma Plate-in chhimthlang zawngin a rawn neksawr ve bawk a, hemi avang hian kan tlangdung pawh chhim-hmar zawngin a insiam a ni. 

He inneksawr natna lai hi Bangladesh aṭanga Myanmar ram lai (Central Myanmar) thleng a awh a. A innek sawr kal chak zawng hi kum khatah 46 mm bawr vel anga teh a ni (kuttin ṭhan ang vela chak a nih chu). Hetiang innek sawrna avang hian kum tam tak hnuah chuan lei chhungrilah khi leh in pelhsawlh (Fault) a lo siam a. Indo-Burma tlangdung te hi ngil taka inneksawr ni loin a inṭhuai tel a. Hemi avang hian lei khi chata in pelhsawlh (fault) te hi lei chhungril leh lei pawn hmuh theih (Earth Surface)-ah te hmuh mai theihin a awm ṭhin a ni. 

Heng leikhi leh inpelh­sawlh (fault) tam tak hi satellite aṭanga hmuh theih a awm rualin hmuh theih loh tam tak a awm ve bawk. 

June ni 22 zing dar 4:10 a Magnitude 5.5 a lirnghing kha tunhnai a lirghing na ber leh chhiatna thlentu ber a ni a. Hemi zir chiang hian June ni 23-ah MZU tirhin mi pali kan han kal a. Lirnghing thlenna hmun hnaih khua 32 te ni thum chhungin kan tlawh kual a. Lirnghingin a nghawng chhiatte leh mipui mimirin an tawrh dante en leh zawt zelin hun kan hmang a. Khawchhak mipuite tawrhna hi a nain, rilru leh taksa lama an tawrh dan tak pawh hi hriatthiam harsa kan ti khawp mai. 

Lirnghingin a nghawng nat zual lai huam chhunga data kan lak khawm hmangin isoseismal map siam a ni a. Tin, hmun hrang hranga lei khi hawi zawng ngun taka chhinchhiah vek bawk a ni. 

Isoseismal lines, leikhi hawi zawng leh fault chet dan (fault plane solution) 

aṭanga han chhut chuan lei hnuai khi chat hi hmarchhak leh chhimthlang hawi zawng (NNE-SSW) niin a lang a, lei khichat sei zawng hi tun dinhmunah sawi theih erawh a ni lo. 

United States Geological Survey (USGS) in he lirnghing siamtu fault chet dan (fault plane solution) a siamah chuan June ni 22 zing a 5.5M lirnghing hi leilung intawksir/ inpelhsawlh (oblique strike slip) zawnga chein a siam niin a tarlang. 

Epicenter Mizoram chhunga awmin, Lir na takin a nghing thei em? 

Mizoram chhungah hian fault lian tak, lirnghing na tak siam thei tur a awm hriat a ni lo a. A na thei berah richter scale a magnitude 6 vel nghing thei tura ngaih a ni (Wang et al, 2014). 

Amaerawhchu, Fault lian tak tak min hualtute hi lirpui nghintir theitute an ni thung. Hengte hian lirnghing a siam hi na taka tuar thei erawh kan ni. Kum 2015, April ni 25 a Kathmandu lirnghing kha epicenter aṭang khan boruaka tehin km 70 vel a ni a. Hetiang zawnga chhut chuan Mizoram hi chhak leh thlang zawngin Km 100 aia tam hret chauh kan ni a. Chuvang chuan Mizoram karchehtu fault-ah te hian lirnghing lian a thlen chuan Mizoram chhunga epicenter awm kher lo paw’n na takin lirnghing hi awm thei tur chu a ni vein a lang. 

Hetia nghing chhen hi a ai nasa zawk inmung a ni thei em? 

Lir a nghinin Foreshock – Main Shock – After Shock hi a nghing dan tlangpui a ni a. Mahse  hetiang hi a zawm diak diak vek hran lem lo. Tuna Tuipuirala nghing chhenah hian nasa zawk lo thleng tura nghing lâwk (foreshock) a nih hlauhthawnna a lian khawp mai a. Hei hi sawi har tak a ni a. A nih leh nih loh sawi fak a har a. Khawvel khawi hmunah mah hetiang hi sawi lâwk theih pawh a ni lo. A nghinna lai hmun, a nat dan leh a thuk zawngte leh a hun aṭanga graph siam aṭanga chhût chuan Ni 21st June Pathianni tlaia mi kha foreshock, Ni 22nd June zingkara mi kha main shock leh a hnu lam zawng hi aftershock nia ngaih a ni a, amaherawhchu hei hi a ni ngei e tihna erawh a ni lo.

Helai hmun leh a chhehvel zirna aṭang chuan khawchhak lamah hian fault lian tak Churachanpur - Mao Fault (CMF) awmin chhim leh hmar zawngin a inpelhsawlh a. Chutihlai chuan Mizoram vâng tan (NW-SE) zawngin Mat Fault leh Murlen Fault awmin an inkarah hian fault tê nâu zawk Splay fault (a paivat zawnga leikhi chat) eng emaw zat a awm bawk a ni. Churachanpur - Mao Fault (CMF) chhaklam aṭang hian khawthlang zawngin a rawn nek a, chutihlai chuan Mizoram chhim lam aṭang hian hmar-chhak zawngin a nek ve thung a. He innek tawnna leh inṭhuaina hi Mat fault leh Churachanpur-Mao Fault (CMF) insikna lai bawr velah hian a nasa a. Chuvang chuan India hmarchhak leh a chhehvel leihnuai km 10-130 inkarah te hian lei khichat chi hrang hrangte chu inneksawrna thahrui inkhawl avangin a inpelhsawlh thut thut a, hemi avanga thahrui (energy) a rawn tihchhuah chuan lirnghing a rawn siam ta ṭhin a ni. Helai hmuna inpelhsawlhna avanga lirnghing thleng te hi hmun khatah chauh an insawrbing lova, hemi rual hian a thuk zawng pawh an inang lo hlawm hle a. Chuvang chuan tunhnaia lirnghingte hi block pakhat hnathawh niin a lang lova, block lian tak awmin a lang lo bawk. ESS Earth Science, Australia-in an lo zirchian danah chuan leilung block khat (I sq.km) hian 4 magnitude lirnghing a siam thei a, 10 sq. km in 5 magnitude a siam thei a. Chutihlaiin 100 Km sq in 6 magnitude a siam thei thung a ni. Helai bawr vela lirnghing tawhte hi 5.5 magnitude aia hniam an ni vek a, ESS zirchianna aṭanga chhût chuan block lian tak hi a awm lo a nih hmel. Hetih lai hian tun dinhmunah chuan lei chhungril hi hriat vek theih a ni lova, a block zawng zawng pawh hi sawi vek theih a ni lo a ni.

Lirnghing hi pumpelh theih a ni em?

Ni lo, pumpelh theih a ni lo va, tlanchhiatsan theih a ni lo. Lirnghing hlauhawm lohna hmunah pawh leilung chhiatna dang hlauhawm a awm ve zel tho.

Eng ti anga inbuatsaih tur nge ni ang?

a.    In sak uluk tur a ni. Leilung nghet lo leh leithawla insak pumpelh hram a ṭha a, a hmun hma laihah mithiam rawn te, a ruangam (structure) dinnaah Engineer te thurawn lakte hi kan tih ngei tur  a ni.

b.    Insak tawhsa mithiamte rawn chunga endik ni se, siamṭhat (retrofication) a ngaih chuan mithiamte rawn chunga siamṭhat vat ni se.

c.    Rikrum thil, a bik takin lirnghing chungchanga lo inbuatsaih lawk dan te, lirnghing laia tihtur leh tih loh tur (do`s and don’t`s) mithiamte'n an sawi leh duansate hi ngaihven a, kan phak tawk ang 

ṭheuha lo inrin lawk hi kan tihtur niin a lang.