COVID-19 HRIPUI LENG AVANGA STATE SUM HARSATNA

Kum 2020-21 hian khawvel huapin Covid-19 hripui leng avangin mi tam tak an thi a. Ei leh bar, sum leh pai dehchhuahna kawngah namen lovin harsatna a thleng.

Mi rethei leh hnathawh tur nei lo an pung a, sawrkar sum hmuh a tlahniam a, mipui ei leh bar tur tlachham chhawmdawl nan sawrkar sum tam tak sen a ngai bawk. India ram pawhin a tuar hle.

Sawrkar laipui hma­laknain, khawvela a ber kai khawpin ram pum huapin ‘lockdown’ neih a ni. India ram ei-sum dinhmun ṭhanna pawh zaah (-) 6.6 laiin a hnungtawlh phah. Thilsiamna leh sumdawnna hrang hrang a tlak hniam avangin sawrkar laipui chhiah hmuh zat pawh nasa takin a tla hniam a. Hei hi India ram state zawng zawng an tuar a, Mizoram state sawrkar sum dinhmun pawh namenlovin a nghawng. He mi chungchang hi tawi deuhin ziak kan tum a ni.

State sum indaihlohna a sâng hle
Kum 2020-21 hian State sawrkar sum dinhmun a chhe hle. Sum indaihlohna ‘Revenue deficit’ leh ‘Fiscal deficit’ te a sang hle a ni. Revenue deficit hi cheng vbc 774 lai a tling a, hei hi GSDP aṭanga chhutin zaah 3 chuang a ni. Revenue deficit hian a entir chu sawrkar hnathawk hlawh leh sawrkar inrelbawl nan sum tam tak puk a ngai tihna a ni.

Budget pumpuia sum indaihlohna, sum puka hnawh khah ngai zat hi ‘Fiscal deficit’ tih a ni. Kum tina leiba thar awm zat a ni. Kum 2020-21 hian Fiscal deficit hi cheng vbc 1869 niin, GSDP aṭanga chhutin zaah 6.43 lai a tling. RBI aṭang te, financial market leh financial institution aṭang tein state sawrkar hian sum a puk ṭhin.

Mizoram Fiscal Res­ponsibility and Budget Managment (FRBM) Act 2006 ang chuan ‘revenue deficit’ neih phal a ni tawh lova; fiscal deficit pawh ‘GSDP aṭanga chhutin zaah 3 a pel tur a ni lo’ tih a ni bawk. Kum 2020-21 hian Covid-19 hripui leng avangin sum puk belh a ngai a, FRBM Act pawh siamṭhain Fiscal deficit hi GSDP aṭanga chhuta zaah 6.4 thleng neih theih a ni.

Sawrkar laipui sum a tlahniam
State sawrkar sum hmuh (revenue receipts) zaah 85-90 inkar hi sawrkar laipui sum (central transfers) a ni. State sawrkar sum harsat chhan ber chu sawrkar laipui aṭanga sum hmuh a tlakhniam vang a ni. Sawrkar laipui chhiaha Mizoram chanvo (devolution of taxes & duties) leh sawrkar laipui ṭanpuina (grants-in-aid) te hi ‘central transfers’ tih an ni. Sawrkar laipui chhiaha state chanvo hi Finance Commission ruahmanna anga dawn a ni a. State tin chanvo hi tehfung fel tak hmanga ruahman a ni. Grants-in-aid hi Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) aṭang te, Finance Commission leh DoNER/NEC aṭangten dawn a ni. Finance Commission ruahmanna anga dawn leh hmuh ‘Post- Devolution Revenue Deficit Grant (PRDG) hi ‘untied grant’ a ni; ‘grant’ dang zawng hi hmanna tur awmsa (tied grant) vek an ni.

Kum 2020-21 hian sawrkar laipui chhiah aṭanga hmuh beisei cheng vbc 3968 a nih laiin cheng vbc 3011 chauh dawn a ni. Hmuh beisei phak lohna hi cheng vbc 950 lai a ni. Grants-in-aid hmuh beisei cheng vbc 4572-ah cheng vbc 3521chauh dawn a ni bawk a; hmuh beisei, hmuh tak tak loh hi cheng vbc 1051 a ni. Sawrkar laipui aṭanga hmuh beisei, hmuh tak loh hi, a vaiin, cheng vbc 2000 vel a ni. A bik takin CSS aṭangin sum hmuh beisei zat kan dawng phak lo hle; cheng vbc 2173 beisei a nih laiin cheng vbc 1490 chauh hmuh a ni. Finance Commission aṭangin cheng vbc 2153 beisei a nih laiin cheng vbc 1725 chauh hmuh a ni bawk; hmuh tak loh hi cheng vbc 428 lai a ni. Revenue deficit grant bikah state sawrkar hian a hmuh ṭha hle; hmuh beisei aia tam a dawng thung. State Disaster Fund-ah pawh hmuh tur ruahman ang zat cheng vbc 47 dawn a ni bawk. State sawrkarin hmuh a beisei em em, a hmuh tak loh chu Special grants cheng vbc 546 hi a ni.

State sum hmuh a tlahniam
State sawrkar sum hmuh (state’s own revenue receipts) pawhin beisei a phak lo hle. State chhiah aṭangin cheng vbc 662 hmuh beisei a nih laiin Rs vbc 648 chauh hmuh a ni a; cheng vbc 14 in hmuh beisei zat a phak lo. State GST hi state sum hmuhna ṭha ber a ni. Kum 2020-21 hian GST aṭangin cheng vbc 458 hmuh a ni a; hmuh beisei cheng vbc 46-in a phak lo. Chhiah dang profession tax, leiman leh sale tax (diesel etc.) aṭanga sum lut a ṭha thawkhat viau mai. Sapzu khap a nih tak avangin zu chhiah lut tihtham a awm ta lo bawk. Chhiah ni lo, thil dang aṭanga hmuh (non-tax revenue) hi cheng vbc 583 beisei a nih laiin cheng vbc 562 chauh hmuh a ni bawk.

Revenue Expenditure a sang hle
Kum 2020-21 hian ‘revenue expenditure’ cheng vbc 8515 a ni. Kum 2019-20 dinhmun nen khaikhinin, kum 2020-21 hian ‘revenue expenditure’ hi cheng vbc 900 velin a tlem zawk a. A chhan chu State sawrkar inrenchemna lama a hmalakna vang a ni.

Revenue expenditure hi a tlahniam mawh hle. Sawrkar hnathawk hlawh thar avang te, District thar hawn belh avang te, SEDP leh a kaihhnawih thil avangtein ‘revenue expenditure’ hi a tlahniam tak tak thei lo va. Sawrkar laipui aṭanga sum hmuh nasa tak a tlahniam avangin Mizoram sawrkar chu sum pukah a inhnangfak lo thei lo va; leiba pawh a pung chak hle a ni.

Capital Outlay a tlahniam
Rotling thil siamna (capital outlay) hi hmasawnna hnuk kengtu a ni. Hripui lengin a nghawng pawi tak chu ‘revenue expenditure’ a sang a, rotling thil siamna a tlahniam hi a ni. Kum 2020-21 hian rotling thil siam nan cheng vbc 1126 hman ral a ni. State sawrkarin cheng vbc 1869 a puk a, cheng vbc 1126 chauh rotling thil siam nan a hmang ral thung a; sawrkar sum puk, a pung nena rulh leh vek tur ṭhahnem tham tak chu ei bobar atan a luangral tihna a ni. Rotling thil siam nan sum tam zawk ruahman a nih loh chuan ram hmasawnnain a tuar hle dawn a ni.

Kum 2021-22 sum dinhmun
Kum 2021-22 hian sum indaih lohna leh sum puk ngai zat hi a tlahniam a. Sum chuang (revenue surplus) hi cheng vbc 542 leh fiscal deficit cheng vbc (-) 433 a awm. Sum hmuh zat (revenue receipt) hi cheng vbc 9126 niin, kum hmasa aiin a ṭhahnem zawk. Sawrkar laipui ṭanpuina (grants) hi kum hmasa lam aiin a pung a, ‘revised estimate’ aṭanga chhutin zaah 70 vel hmuh a ni. Chhiah ni lo, State thawh chhuah ve pawh a tlahniam. Revenue expenditure leh rotling thil siamna lam pawh a tlem a. Hei vang hian sum indaih lohna pawh a ziaawm deuh niin a lang. Kum 2021-22 sum dinhmun hi a tak ‘actual’ a la ni lo va, ‘provisional’ chauh a la ni a, a la danglam thei.

Kum 2022-23 beiseina
Kum 2022-23 hian ‘revenue surplus’ cheng vbc 1400 vel beisei a ni a; leiba thar (fiscal deficit) pawh cheng 1200 vel ti tura ruahman a ni. Revenue surplus hi GSDP aṭanga chhutin zaah 3.60 a ni a; fiscal deficit hi zaah 3.07 a ni bawk. FRBM Act chhungah a inkhung theih dawn niin a lang.

State sum thawhchhuah cheng vbc 1638 leh sawrkar laipui chhiaha Mizoram chanvo (tax devolution) cheng vbc 4083 leh ‘revenue deficit grant’ cheng vbc 1615, a vaiin cheng vbc 7336 te hi ‘untied fund’ an ni; state sawrkar sum innghahna an ni. Tax devolution hi thla tin cheng vbc 340 vel hmuh beisei a nih laiin kumin August thla thleng khan thla tin, chawhrualin, cheng vbc 259 vel hmuh niin a lang. Revenue deficit grant hi thla tin cheng vbc 135 vel hmuh a ni bawk.

Sawrkar hnathawk hlawh, leiba pung rulhna leh pension hlawh atan thla tina mamawh zat hi cheng vbc 450-500 vel a ni awm e. Rotling thil siamna senso turte nen, a tlem berah, thla tin cheng vbc 650-700 mamawh niin a lang.

July thla aṭang khan Sawrkar laipui thu angin CSS sumte hi a neitu department kutah Account hran neiin dah a ni a. CSS sum hi RBI-a state account-ah dah ṭhin a ni a; state sawrkar chuan ṭul leh mamawh dan aziriin ‘revenue expenditure’ atan a hmang ve mai ṭhin. Hei hi a remchan tawh loh avangin State sawrkar chuan sawrkar hnathawk hlawh leh mamawh dang (committed expenditure) atan ‘fiscal space’ a nei zim sawt hle tihna a ni. State sawrkar hi WMA/Overdraft leh Market borrowing tel lo chuan a kal thei rih lo niin a lang.

Tlangkawmna
Covid-19 hripui leng avangin India sawrkarin ei leh bar, sum leh pai a dehchhuahna kawngah harsatna namen lo a tawk a. Sawrkar laipui sum (central transfers) a innghat Mizoram state sawrkar pawhin harsatna namen lo a tawh phah a. State sawrkarin sawrkar laipui sum a hmuh tur ang a hmuh phak loh avangin RBI leh Financial Market aṭangin puk chawpin kan kal mek a. CSS kalphung thar avangin harsatna kan tawk bawk. Tun dinhmunah chuan sawrkar sum renchem thiam a pawimawh hle. Hma thar lak hmain sawrkar mawhphurhna awmsa (committed expenditure) -sawrkar hnathawk hlawh te, sawrkara bill chi hrang hrang tang mek te, pension sum a batte hi chinfel hmasak phawt hi sawrkar kal dan tur niin a lang.

Thulakna:
1. Annual Financial Statement (2020-21, 2021-22 & 2022-23)
2. Monthly Key Indicators. State Accounts Report 2021-22, Mizoram

- Prof. Vanlalchhawna