Mizorama AIDS do turin engtin nge hmathar kan lak ang?

Kan hriat ṭheuh angin, Decem­ber ni 1 kha World AIDS Day a ni a. Kum 1988 aṭangin World Health Organization bultumin kum tin thupui thlan bik neia hman ṭhin a ni a, kumin thupui chu ‘intluktlanna siam,’ sap ṭawnga ‘Equalize’ tih a ni.

Thupui ‘Intluktlanna siam’ tih hmang hian AIDS tih tawp a nih theih nan leh, intluk lohna hrang hrang awmte tih tawp a nih theih nan mitinte chanvo min pe a ni. Kum 2030-a khawvel puma AIDS tih tawp tumna chu a taka a hlawhtlin theih nan, heng intluk lohna awmte hre reng chung hian he lam hawi zawnga rilru leh tha pe turin Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) chuan min sawm a ni. A bik takin naupangte leh key population kan tih mai - mahni anpui kawp te, transgender te, ruihhlo ngai te, mahni inzuar te leh tan ina tang mekten HIV enkawlna atana pawimawh leh ṭul te, intluktlang leh angkhata an dawn theih nana hma la turin na takin a nawr bawk.

Khawvel pum huap ang pawhin India hi HIV kai thar tlemna ram zinga mi tia sawi mek a ni a. Hei hi chanchin lawmawm tak ni mah se, ram dinhmun tlangpui tarlannaah hian State-te inkara inthlauhna hi tarlan tel a ni lo tih kan hriat a tha. Entirnan, 2019 dinhmun tarlannaah Hmarchhak state Tripura leh Arunachal Pradesh leh Hmar lam state Chhatisgarh te chu kum 1990 bawr vela HIV hri darh tlemna niin lang mah se, tunhnaia heng State-ah te hian HIV kai thar an pung niin a lang!

Mizoramah phei chuan HIV kai tura ngaih key population-te bakah mipui nawlpui (general population)-ah pawh a darh ṭan tawh ti ila kan sawi sual tam hauh lo vang. Chuvangin, tuna thil ṭul tak nia lang chu State hrang hrangte danglam bikna te, an inan lohna te leh, an dinhmun mila chik taka zir chian leh a ṭul anga hmalak zui vat a ni.

Kum 11 kal ta khan, Kevin M. De Cock leh a thawhpuite chuan Journal of Emerging Infectious Disease Volume 17-ah HIV enkawlna atana ngaih pawimawh tur bik nia an ngaihte sawifiahin an tlangaupui a. Chungte chu: (a) enkawlna hman leh ruahmanna kalpui mekte tun aia ṭha zawka siam leh ruahman, (b) HIV dinhmun hriat nana testing leh anti-retroviral therapy (ART) te hi ṭangkai zawka hman a nih theih nana hmalak, (c) thiamna leh inenkawlna thar a awm theih nana ke pen zel leh, (d) khawvel huap a dona chatlak lova kalpui reng dan ngaihtuah te chu a ni.

Kum 1981 a khawvelin AIDS hi natna thar tia a pawm hnuah, heng thu pali kum 2011 a ziahte hian thiamna inher danglam mekte chu a rawn kai tho thar a. Khawvel huap leh India rama State hrang hrang ang pawhin, AIDS dona atana hmalakna hi a la inkhairual lo em em a; chuvang chuan, 2011 a sawifiahna khi vawiin thlengin a pawimawh dan a la ngai reng a ni.

Tuna khawvel puma HIV kai zawng zawng aṭanga chhuta za zela 54 hi Africa khawmual chhak lam leh chhim lamah te awm mekin, a hluar ber a. AIDS kaihhnawih avanga khawvel puma boral za zela 43 pawh helai la chengte hi an ni. A dawt leha tuar nasa leh a hluarna chu Asia leh Pacific Region te hi an ni. Hetiang bawka India chanchin a hranga thlur a, chik leh zirchian a nih chuan khawi laiah te nge ṭan kan khawh bik ang tih te a hril chhuak theiin a rinawm.

National AIDS Control Organi­zation (NACO) in an chhinchhiah danin, Mizoramah hian kum 2017 leh 2021 inkarah kum tin HIV kai thar mi 1500 aṭangin 1550 vel an awm. Mizoram ang State tenau, mihring pawh nuai 10 vel chauh chennaah chuan vantlang hriselna ang pawhin he dinhmun hi veiawm leh ngaihtuah tham a ni. HIV kai zingah an dinhmun hre lo leh kai tih pawh la inhre lo mi tam tak an awm ngei dawn a. Kum 5 kal taa Mizorama HIV darhna hian hniam lam a pan lo va, chuvangin eng hi nge danglam taka kan tih bik ngai tih hi zawhna lian tak a ni.

HIV dinhmun hriat theihna HIV self-test hi a pawimawh ta niin a lang a. Mahse hei ngawt hian HIV darh mek dinhmun hi a ti kiam thei hauh lo vang. Mahnia HIV dinhmun hriatna HIV self test leh a nemnghehna ICTC testing nena kaihkawp leh thlunzawm te, HIV vei mekten chatlak lova HIV damdawi an dawn chhunzawm zel thei nan hmalak te, in endawngna leh hmuhsitna a kiam nana boruak ṭha siam leh, HIV a darh zel lohna atana 'harm reduction' ruahmanna kalpui mek te hi zau leh chak zawka kalpui a ngai hle.

Mahni dinhmun hriat leh inenkawlna ringawtin AIDS tawpna min thlenpui dawn lo a. HIV vei, enkawlna dawng mekte taksaa natna hrik a tam viral load an tih mai hniam tak an neih hi a ni. Inenkawlna an dawn zel avanga viral load hniam lutuk, lang chhuak zo lo undetectable an nih chuan HIV veite hi midang ang bawka nunphung pangngai taka nungin khawtlang tan mi ṭangkai an ni thei a, hetiang an nih chuan midang kaichhawn thei lo dinhmunah awmin untransmissible tia sawi theih an ni. Amah aṭangin midangin an kai chhawng thei dawn lo a ni.

Endawngna tel lova boruak ṭha tak hnuaia miten an HIV dinhmun an hriat thei nan tlawm­ngai pawl leh Kohhran behchhan pawlte nen thawhhona ṭha neih zel hi thil pawimawh tak a ni. HIV damdawi leh enkawlna an dawn mekte pangngai taka an dawn zel te leh, viral load dinhmun an hriat theih nan hengte hi a khat tawka en a, a ṭul anga an inenkawlna tih danglam te pawh thil pawimawh tak a ni.

He natna avanga kan khaw­tlanga in enhranna awm mek hi a tawp theih nan engtin nge hma kan lak thei ang tih chu a kawng hmasa ber a ni awm e. Ruahmanna siam kawngah te, a kalpuina kawngah leh a vil zuina kawngah te heng mite – intluk lo taka enkawl mekte hi a taka an tel ve loh chuan khawvel hi kan intluktlang thei dawn lo. Khawvel nuam leh ṭha zawk siamna kawngah leh, 2030 a AIDS a lo tawp theih nan theihtawp chhuahin kan zavaiin I thawk ho ang u.

- Dr Samiran Panda ICMR-Dr AS Paintal Distinguished Scientist Chair

- Dr Richard CLR Hluna, State Epidemiologist, Mizoram State AIDS Control Society