Mizorama natna hriat ngai loh awm chhan hi

Kum 2017 a ral dawn meuh chuan sik leh sa inthlak danglam dan khawvel hmun hran hranah a hmuh theih a, ramngaw chereu zel avang te, industrial pollution te leh chhan tam tak vang te pawh a ni thei. Hei hian scientist-te leh ram hruaitu tam takte ngaih pawimawh leh vawi duailo UNO general meeting-ah pawi sawi ho a lo ni tawh ṭhin.

WHO chuan kum zabi 21 tawp lamah hian khawlum zawng hi degree 1 aṭanga degree 4 laia lum belh ni turin a chhut a. Khawvelin lum lam a pan zel vang hian khawvel hmar lama vur awmkhawm a lo tuiral zel a, chuvang chuan tuifinriat chim chin lo sang telhin thliarkar tam tak a chim bo mek zel a. Thlipui hlauhawm tak tak a lo thawk tam tial tial a, tun kum 20 kal ta chhung lek hian cyclone chi hran hran 1200 chuang laiin khawvel hmun hrang hrang a nuai vel hman a ni. Tin, heng thlipui mai bakah hian ramngaw chereu zel vangin kan boruak hip a thianghlim lo tial tial a, tin, boruak chhia (air pollution) vangin khawvel hmun hran hranah kum tin mi nuaihriat (8 lakhs) laiin nunna an chanin boruak chhia vanga lirthei accident hi mi nuaihsawm (10) vel niin WHO (2003) chuan a tarlang.

Khawvel lum zel (global warming) in hrileng, hri thar leng (emerging) leh hun kal tawha natna leng nimahse hun eng emaw chen hriat loha awm hnua rawn langchhuak (re-emerging) ah te nghawng a neih dan entirna nen han sawi zau dawn ila.

Kum kal ta 2016 July khan Siberia ramah Sazuk sanghnih tehmeuh mai an thi a, a chhan zirchiana hriat a nih meuh chuan natna hming lar tak Anthrax vanga thi an lo ni a. Anthrax hi mihring leh ran natna in kaichhawn theih (zoonotic disease) niin khawvelin a buaipui em em leh terrorist hovin an kawl ang tih an hlauh em em a ni. He natna hi bioterrorism atan hman theihin lehkhathawn emawah thleh tel mai theih, hawn zawnga boruak a leng mai thei a ni. Hun rei tak natna in up bo, kum 1941 hnulama leng tawh lova hriat, a hnu kum 75 hnu-ah a lo lan leh tih zawhna tam tak a awm thei awm e. A chhan ni ber a lang ta chu, anthrax natna hrik kum tam tak vur hnuaia lo in khuhbo kha, vur a lo tui hian he natna hrik hi rawn hailangin heng ramsate hian anthrax natna an lo vei ta a ni.

Tichuan, hetianga khawvel lum zelin natna muhil a kaitho thei ṭhin dawn a nih chuan Zawng hri (small pox) kum zabi 20 lai khan mihring maktaduaih 500 zetin nunna an channa leh kum 1977 a umbo (eradicate) tawh hi engtikah emaw a rawn kir ve leh mai lo’ng maw? Tin, hripui (bubonic plague) kum zabi 20 laia mihring maktaduai 200 suattu, sazu hrik aṭanga in kaidarh te hi? Heng zawng zawng ngaihtuah chang hi chuan, Bible-in hrileng tur thu a sawi kha a pawmawm telh telh a ni.

Natna hrang hrangin min nuai vel a, heng natna hrik te hi insiam danglam (mutate) in hlauhawm zawkin an rawn in siam mek zel a, heng Bird flu, Swine flu, Ebola, Zika virus vanga natna te avangin hmun tam takah chuan heng natnate hian mihring nunna sang tam tak an suat a. Hetih lai hian mithiam tam tak chuan heng natna leng (epidemic) hi kan cho chhuah ve reng a ni an ti a, chuvang chuan mipuite pawh heti lam hawi zawng hian awareness kan neih a pawimawh telh telh dawn niin a lang.

Tun kum 30 kal ta chhung hian WHO chuan natna thar, kan la hriat ngai loh chi hrang sawmthum lai mai a hmuchhuak a, heng te hi kan khawvel boruak kan inthlak nasat lutuk vanga lo awm a ni an ti. Hei hi a dik em em a alan nachhan chu, tui vawh lam 14 degree a nih hian natna hrik chi hrang hrang, malaria chenin in thlah pun an harsat a, nimahsela, degree khat lek, 15 degree-ah lo sang ta se, heng natna hrik tuia in thlah pung chi hian nasa takin an pun phah thei a ni. Mithiamte chuan tuipui (ocean) lum zelna hi degree khat a tling ṭep tawh an ti a, heti a nih chuan natna muhil a lo awm a nih ngai chuan engzat tak nge rawn ṭhangharh ang tih zawhna hian rilru a ti nuam lo hle. Chutihrual chuan, kan ram lui leh dilte hi eng tiang takin nge an lo lum belh ve hriat a chakawm hle bawk.

International Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) chuan India ram hi kum tin degree 2 aṭanga degree 5 ang zela lumin, ruahtui pawh zaa sawmhnih (20%) laia tlak tam belhin a chhihchiah a. Ruah tui tlak tamna hmun zingah Mizoram pawh a tel. Kan lo neihdan kan thlak thei si lova, ram ngaw kan ṭhiat kum tin a, ruahtui tlak dan a mumal loh phah a, tuilian kan tuar ngun telh telh a, sik leh sain mumal a nei lo tial tial a, tin, hmun ṭhenkhatah phei chuan thlasik a awm mang lo emaw tih tur a ni ta.

Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah rannung seh natna (schrub typhus) kum 2008 vel aṭang khan kan hmelhriat ṭan a. He natna hi indopui-II lai, kum 1945 khan Assam leh West Bengal-ah hmuhchhuah a ni a. Tichuan, kum 60 chuang hunah hmuh chhuah leh a ni a, zawhna tam tak a awm thei awm e. Kum 60 chuang kha khawiah nge he natna hi a lo bikbo? Ramngaw chereu zel vang hian a thehdarhtu rannung (Leptotrombidium) te awmna kan va tawn darh nge heng rannungte hian global warming avangin an mizia thlakin mihring min bei ta chiam nge, tunhma pawhin he natna hi a lo awm fo tawh a, kan hre chhuak lo mai mai zawk?

Dengue natna kan lo hmelhriat tak dan te pawh hi chhui tham a ni. Dengue hi thosi chikhat (aedes) seh aṭanga darh a ni a, thosi inthlah pun nan tuitling lumzawng degree 16 emaw chu aia lum emaw a ngai a ni. Chuvang chuan boruak lum zelah tuitling pawh a lum chhoh ve zel avangin, tunhma lama natna hriat ngai loh dengue hi a rawn puang ta a ni maithei. He thosi hian natna dang ‘Chikungunya’ leh ‘Yellow fever’ a pu darh bawk a. Chikungunya hi kan ṭhenawm state Assam-ah a hluar a, a thehdarhtu thosi Mizoramah a awm tawh bawk a ni. Assam-ah mi 590 in an thih pui a, thosi seh aṭang thova lo awm Japanese encephalitis (JE) pawh hi sawikai zel a chakawm. Kan ṭhenawm ram Bangadesh-ah kum 1992 tuihri hlauhawm chi (O139) hmuchhuah a ni a, India hram hmun hrang hrangah hmuhchhuah a ni ve leh a. Mizoram nen kan inrina border fencing engmah kan nei si lova, dan lova lo lut te hriselna kan hre tawh si lo nen, heng bakah hian ramrikan natna (transboundary disease) tam tak hi kan ram ṭhenawm Bangladesh leh Burma te nen hian kan in kaidarh tawn vel thei a ni. Mizorama tuihri pawh hi eng chi chiah hi nge, tih hriat a chakawm hle.

Kum tina boruak lum tial tial, ruahtui tla hnem tulh tulh mai leh tuilian hian enge a nghawng theih, tih te hi kan hriat a ṭul awm e. Ruahtui a lo tam a, tui a len zin hian rannung, sazu te chenin sa himna zawngin hmun hul lamah an insawn ṭhin a. Sazu hian natna hrang hrang mihring leh kan ran vulh teah a thehdarh a, kan ran vulh aṭangin kan kai ve leh thei a ni. Leptosirosis, sazu in a thehdarh natna hi kan tui in aṭangte leh pem aṭangin kan kai tlangpui. Listeriosis leh toxoplasmosis phei hi chu nauchhiat theihna a nih avangin fimkhur a ṭul hle. Tick born encephalitis (TBE) saphihrik-in a put darh a ni a, North East-ah hian eng ang saphihrik nge kan kawl tih hi record a awm famkim lova, hriat loh natna hrang hrang pu darh thei tur pawh a lo la awm theih avangin fimkhur a ngai hle.

Min venghimtu kan ramngaw kan ṭhiah darh hian nasa takin min vaw let zel a, Mizoramah ui â hri (rabies) vanga thi report a awm ngai loh laiin, kum 2016 khan Mamit district, Phaizau khuaah mihringin an thihpui a a ni. Sik leh sa inthlak danglam leh ramngaw a biru ṭhin natnate, thing leh mau kan vah chereu nasat avangin an awmna rawn thlakin mihring chenna min rawn luhchilh ta niin mithiamte chuan an ngai.

Mizorama ran natna lar tak pakhat chu bawng ke leh ka na hri (FMD) hi a ni. Tun kum hnih kal ta aṭang khan hetiang natna ang chiah hi Mizoramah, mihringah hmuhchhuah a ni a, Mizoram khawthlang lamah phei chuan a leng nasa a. Ran leh mihringa natna thlentu hi chhungkaw khat (Picorna viridae) an ni.

Mitin hian mawhphurna kan nei a, Dr Maria, WHO Director, Public Health-in a sawi danin ‘mihring natna zaa sawmhnih hi chu kan chhenna boruak siamṭhat hian a pumpelh thei’ a tih angin theihtawp kan chhuah tlan a, ramngaw humhalh lamah ṭan kan lak thar a ngai takzet a ni. Tin, Mihring natna zaa sawmruk tehmeuh mai hi ran aṭanga kaichhawn a nih avangin kan ran hriselna hi kan hriselna a ni tih hre tel bawk ila. A lera ṭhuai tum lovin, a bul ṭhutah hriselna ṭan turin hma han la tlang ang u khai.

- Dr. Zohlimpuia Veterinary Officer, M.V.Sc Microbiology