Hmasawnna hna leh Forest Clearance/ Environmental Clearance

Mizoramah hmasawn­na hna (developmental project) lian tham kan thawh dawn apianga ram Danin a phut, neih ngei ngei ngai, mi tam takin kan hriatthiam loh chu Forest Clearance emaw leh Environmental Clearance te hi an ni. Hei hi hmasawnna hna tikhaihlaktu nia kan ngaih fo, compensation lak chungchang pawh nghawng theitu a ni.

1. Forest clearance hi eng vangin nge lak a ngaih?: Kan awmna lei (earth) hi mihringte chenna tlaka siamtu leh vawngṭhatu chu ramngawte hi an ni a, kan tihchereu nasat tawh em avangin ramngaw la awmchhunte hi khauh deuh taka kan humhalh loh chuan ṭhangthar lo awm zel turte tan chenna tlak a ni dawn lo tih hriain ramngaw humhalhna Dan, Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 chu India ram puma hman turin kum 1980 khan siam a ni.

He Danah hian section panga chauh a awm a, a laimu leh pawimawh lai ber chu section 2-na hi a ni. Hetiangin- “Section 2: Ramngaw ṭhiah emaw thil dang atana ramngaw hman khuahkhirhna - State-in eng Dan pawh lo nei tawh mah se, State sorkar emaw thuneitu dang tumahin central sorkar phalna la hmasa lo chuan -

(i) Ramngaw humhalh (reserved forest) a puan tawh ram khawilai pawh humhalh (reserve) a nih tawh lohna turin thupek (order) a siam tur a ni lo;

(ii) Ramngaw hmun (forest land) eng lai pawh ramngaw siam lehna atan ni lo, thil dang atana hman theihna tur thupek (order) a siam tur a ni lo;

(iii) Ramngaw hmun eng lai pawh mimal emaw, pawl emaw hnenah a hman hawhtir emaw a pe (lease or other­wise) tur a ni lo;

(iv) Ramngaw hmun eng lai pawha thing tualṭo te, ramngaw siam lehna atana kih leh vah phalna (order) a siam tur a ni lo.

Supreme Court order dt 12.12.1996 [WP(C) 202/1995] chuan he Dan hi humhalh paha sawifiahin, “He Dan section 2-in ‘ramngaw’ (forest) a tih hian dictionary-in ramngaw (forest) a hrilhfiah ang tling chin chu a huam vek ang - tu ta pawh, eng ang ramngaw pawh nise (irrespective of ownership and classification)” a tih bakah, “'Ramngaw hmun’ (forest land) tih hian dictionary-in ramngaw a tih ang zawng zawng bakah sorkar record-a ‘ramngaw’ (forest) tia chhinchhiah tawh zawng zawng a huam tel ang” a ti bawk. Tin, “India rama khawilai ramngawah pawh central sorkar phalna lova hmalakna (activity) reng reng chu chawlhsan/ a tawp vek tur a ni” a ti bawk.

Hengte avang hian ramngaw (forest) chhunga hmalakna chi reng rengah chuan central sorkar phalna (Forest Clearance) hi lak hmasak zel a lo ngai ta a ni. Forest Clearance chuan ramngaw leh environment tichhe lo thei ang bera hmalak dan tur te, ramngaw tihchhiat tur aia ramngaw dang siam lehna turte leh a kaihhnawih thil tam tak a keng tel ṭhin a ni.

2. Environmental Clearance lak a ṭul chhan: Ramngaw tihchhiat ngai emaw ngai lovin emaw hmasawnna hna thawh a ṭul ṭhin. Chutiang hma­laknate chuan ram leh leilung hmelhmang a tidanglam thei a, a chheh­vela thil awm, boruak leh tui te thlengin, chawp leh chilhin emaw zawi muanga tibawlhhlawhin nghawng ṭha lo a thlen thei ṭhin a, chumi tuartu chu mihringte leh kan environment vawngṭhatu thilsiam dangte tho an ni. Kan environment tichhe lo thei ang bera hmasawnna hnate hi thawh a nih theih nan kum 1986 khan ram puma hman turin Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 chu siam a ni.

He Dan hian ‘environ­ment’ venhim, humhalh leh siamṭhat kawngah leh ‘environmental pollution’ pumpelh, tihtawp leh tihnep kawngah a ṭul anga hma la turin central sorkar chu thuneihna a pe a. He Danin thuneihna a pek angin central sorkar chuan hmasawnna hna chi hrang hrang thawh hmain Environmental Clearance lak hi a phut ta a ni.

Heng Dan pahnihte hi bawhchhiat a nih a, central sorkarah emaw National Green Tribunal (NGT) ah thlen a nih chuan Dan bawhchhetu leh Dan keng­kawhtu tur official, tihtur ti lote (an awm chuan) lakah hremna nep lo tak lekkawh a ni ṭhin.

- Lalthlamuana Pachuau