British-India, Kristianna leh Zirna

India rama Sikh War II an tih mai, kum 1849-a Sikh Indona a zawh meuh chuan India ram pum chu British lalramah rin luh a lo ni ta. Khang hunlaia roreltu Lord William Bentinck-a chuan India ram khawtlanga chin ṭha lo tak tak: Sati, hmeichhe nausen thah, zin mite rawk, mihirng thisen hmanga inthawinate chu sakhua nen inkungkaihna nei mah se, nuai bo chu sawrkar mawhphurhnaah a ngai a.

Mihirng intluktlanna chawisangin dan hmaah chuan tumah an danglam lo; chuvangin eng sakhua pawh ni se, mi tu pawh sawrkar hnaah chhawr theih a ni tih thlutlukna a siam chho ta a. Sap ṭawng (English) chu India official language a lo ni ta. Zirna sang reng reng chu English medium vek a ni ta a, sawrkarin school, college, medical college-te a hawng chho ta a ni. Calcutta (Kolkata), Bombay (Mumbai) leh Madras (Chennai)-ah te University din a ni a. Chutih rual chuan mahni hnam thil (vernacular) zirna hlamchhiah a ni chuang lo.

English education-in India ram a thlak danglam dan chu pui tak a ni. Kum 1843-ah sal neih chu Dan hmanga khap a ni a. Hemi kaltlang hian mi rethei tam takin zalenna an chang ta a. Lord Dalhousie chuan hetih hunlaia kawtthler vela mawi lo tak taka khawsak chin chu a khap bawk a. Lord Rippon-a sawrkar chuan local self-government bill a passed bawk, he bill tum ber chu India ram mipuite mahnia ro inrelna (self-government) chungchang zirtir a ni.

Kum 1891-ah Age of Consent Act passed a ni leh a, hei hian Child Marriage (kum tlinglo a pasal neih) khap lo mah se, pasalin a nupui chu kum 12 a tlin hma chu a khawsak pui thei ta lo a ni. Chumi nghawngin India rama harhna (renaissance) a thlen chhoh dan pawh chanchin ngaihnawm tak a tling.

British sawrkar hian East India Company hmanga India thunun a duh chuan Hindu sakhua a pawimawh tih a hre ran a, a duhsak hle. Temple tam tak anmahni hnuaiah an lalut a, temple siam ṭhat leh sak ṭhatnate bakah temple-a hnathawkte hlawh a tumsak vek bawk. Kristian missionary-te dodalin an thuneihna huam chhungah missionary reng reng awmhmun inben bel an remti lo.

William Carey-a, India rama British missionary hmasa ber pawhin British ho ram chinah hmun a chang lo va; Serampore hmun, Danish ho awmna hmunah a inbeng bel ta a nih kha. Company chuan a ram mi Kristian a chhawr duh lo va, Kristiana inpe sipaia ṭang laite pawh Bengal hmunah chuan a ban hial a ni.

Amaherawhchu, British sawrkar hian education aṭang lo chuan India ram hi a thunun thei tak tak dawn lo tih a hre thuai a, chuvangin mithiam Carey-a leh a hote pawh a hreng bet rei lo. William Carey-a chu Lord Wellesley-a din, Fort William Calcutta College-ah part time lecturer-a chhawr a ni a. Hetih hun lai hian Bengali leh Sanskrit zirtir tura qualify chu amah chauh hi a ni.

Mission printing press, Serampore hmuna mi chu sawrkar pawhin a chhawr ṭangkai hle. Anmahni hawrawp ngeiin a vawikhat nan Serampore hmunah lehkhabu chhutin a lo awm ta hial a.

British-hoin India an thununna kawnga an strategy pawimawh tak chu ‘Zirna (Education)’ hi a ni. Hindu tamna hmun leh Kristian missionary-te duh lohna hmun ni mah se zirna pawimawhzia an hriat avangin an huat em em Kristian missionary chu an thawhpui lo thei lo. Zirna avangin Kristian missionary-te chu an hnawl thei lo va, Kristianna pawh an hnawl thei hek lo! Zirna khan Kristianna kha a chhem ling hram hram a ni.

Carey-a ten rawngbawl hna an ṭana an tih hmasak ber chu Boarding school hawn kha a ni. An mission strategy kipui ber chu zirna bawk a ni tih kan hmu. Fahrah enkawlna te an hawng a, medical lam hna, a bikin phar ho zingah an thawk bawk a, a ram mi missionary hna thawk tura thawn chhuah an duh em em ṭhin.

Tichuan chutiang mite zirna (train-na) tur College Serampore-ah a din a, Denmark lal chuan he College hi degree pe thei tura thuneihna a hlan nghe nghe. (India rama Protes­tant missionary hna chu Danish mission-a a inṭan vangin Denmark lal thuneihna hi a pawimawh hle).

Carey-a leh a ṭhiante hnathawh ṭhat avangin British parliament chuan India rama inbengbel a, rawngbawl hna thawk turin missionary-te zalenna a pe ta a ni. Kum 1830-ah Scottish Missio­nary, Alexander Duff-an English zirna school Calcutta-ah a hawng a. Duff-a hmalakna hian India tan hun thar a rawn her chhuahpui a ni ber. Calcutta hmuna tlangval fel ber ber te te chuan Duff-a zirna in an rawn pan a, Raja Ram Mohan Roy te pawh Duff-a hnuaia zirlai a lo ni ta a. India rama harhna thlentirtu, sakhaw hruaitute kha a tlangpuiin English education neite an ni.

India hun thim sut kianna hmanraw pawimawh ber tia chhal ngam chu zirna (education) a ni. Kristian Missionary-te aṭangin a inṭan a, zirna (education) hi an rawngbawlna leh hnathawhna kipui ber a ni. Zirna ṭha tel loin ram a siamṭhat theih loh a, sakhaw rawngbawlna pawhin kori a tu thei lo. British-ho khan education hmangin India thunun mah se, education hmang vekin India pawhin a do let (counter) a, zalenna a nei let leh ta a ni.

Khawvel mit hmuha Delhi sawrkar ṭhan chhoh dan kan hria, chumi kawnga Kejriwal-a’n hnapui bera a neih chu zirna (education) thuam ṭhat a ni. Delhi-a zirnain hma a sawn a, ramin hma a sawn mai. A chhunga chengte rilru put hmang a dik chuan a ram kalphung leh inrelbawlna a khawlo thei lo. Ṭhalaite’n zirna ṭha an dawng a, khawtlang an hmangaih a, chuvangin diknain hmun laili a luah lum thei. Ṭhalaite ai maha ngaihpawimawh hlawh lehzual chu naupangte an ni. Primary leh middle school thuamṭhatna khuan Delhi hma hun thui tak a hril dawn a, naupang zirna ṭha dawngten ram an hruai ve hun tur chu a nghahhlelhawm zual ang.

Mizoram pawh hian he thil hi ngun taka kan ngaihtuah a ngai. Ngaihtuah chu kan ngaihtuah fo tawh maithei a, kan bawhzui a ngai. Dikna leh hmasawnna hian man a nei a, chu chu zirna hi a ni. Zirnain hma a sawn loh chuan kan Chanchin Ṭha hap dan pawh a dik thei lo. Zirna ṭha nen lo chuan kan Pathian thu hril pawh hian duh duh her chhuahna khawl a chang mai dawn. He thil hi sawrkar mai ni lo, Kohhran pawh hian uluk taka a ngaihtuah a ngai.

Ropui tak takin Biak In kan sa a, nuai za chuang man chhungah rilru dik pua Pathian pawl kan tlem hle thung. A chhunga mi te rilru put hmang (moral) a dik loh chuan kan biak in mawi tak te hi mawi tih hlawhah a zo vek. Kan rawngbawl dan kalhmang (strategy) hi her danglam deuh a ngai tawh em aw? Zirna in ṭha siam kawngah sawrkar a hlawhchham tawh a, Kohhranhote hian chu lam chu kan hawi a hun tawh em? Biak In sak nan cheng nuai fe sen kan inhuam a nih chuan Kohhranin sikul kan neih te thuamṭhat nana nuai sen chu kan hreh tur a ni bik dawn em ni?

Chanchin Ṭha hril chu kan hnehsawh tawh hle a, thuhriltu ni se rawih sen loh an awm tawh hial ang. Tun dinhmunah chuan Chanchin Ṭha dawngtu leh ngaithlatute hian thuamṭhat kan mamawh tawh zawk. Hman deuh aṭang khan Gospel Camping kaltlangin harhtharna kan chang ṭhin, vawiin thleng pawh hian harhna hmanrua atan atan kan hmang a, a thlakna tur a aia ṭha kan la nei lo. Zirna in ṭha, zirtirtu ṭha hian kan gospel camping hi a thlak thei kan ti hauh lo a, amaherawhchu a chhawk zangkhai thei viau ang le! Naupangte aṭang lo chuan kan rilru put hmang hi a danglam thut tawh dawn lo va; harhna ṭha, dik leh tlo a awm thei ngai lo ang.

Mi ṭha, mi dik leh mi entawntlakte hian zirtir hna thawkin zirna run han mawi se la, chutiang mite kuhmumah chuan zirlai naupangte an par chhuak thei ngei ang; chutiang zelin mi thiam, rilru hrisel leh nun dan thiam kan pun phah bawk ang. Ram a dam ang a, Chanchin Ṭha a hlu zual ang. Chutiang dinhmun hirng chhuak thei boruak ṭha chu kan siam a ngai. Zirna hian ngaihpawimawh a hlawh lo a nih chuan kan ram ke hi a bai kumkhua dawn a, Chanchin Ṭha pawhin a hlutna a hloh tial tial ang! Chanchin Ṭha leh Zirna Ṭha hi Kristian kan nih ve hma aṭang tawha inzawm tlat a ni a, a khawi emaw zawk hlamchhiah theih a ni lo. Carey-a leh kan Zosapte hnathawhah pawh a lang.

Lal Isua kha a hunlaia zirtirtu, Rabbi a ni satliah lo, zirtirtu ṭha tia hriat a ni. A naupan laia zirna ṭha a dawn te kha a vawng reng a, a ṭha lo lai a siam ṭha ṭhin. Chutiang zelin zirtir hna a thawk chhunzawm a, a zirtirte leh a hnungzuitute hnenah nun nuam leh chhe thei lo a tiam ngawt lo. Zirtir hna a thawk a, zirtirna satliah ni lo, zirtirna ṭha bik a ni. Chu chuan rah a chhuah a, nun nuam leh chhe thei lo a hring chhuak zawk. Zirna ṭha siam hi sawrkar mawhphurhna a ni a, Zirtirtu ṭha Nazaret Isua hnung zuitu Kohhranhote hna pui ber a ni tur a ni.

- Lalrinpuia Pachuau