MOBILE TOWER AṬANGA RADIATION HI A LO HLAUHAWM RÊNG EM?
Tunlai khawvelah chuan mobile phone leh mobile tower te hi kan nuna bet tlat, a tel lova awm theih loh tluk a ni tawh a; kawng hrang hrangin kan hmang ṭangkai em em a ni.
Mobile communication atan hian information kan neih theih nana tower-in signal a pekchhuah hi electromagnetic wave chi hrang hrang zinga mi, Radio Frequency (RF) Radiation an tih chu a ni a. RF Radiation hian frequency 3kHz aṭangin 300 GHz thleng a huam a, hei hi mobile communication atan leh thil dang atan ṭangkai takin an hmang ṭhin a ni. Chutih rual chuan Medical Science lama zirtute leh zingbing mi eng emaw zat chuan mobile communication atana tower-in signal a pekchhuah, RF Radiation hian kawng hrang hrangin mihringah leh ramsate hriselna a nghawng thei a ni tih an lo zirchhuak tawh a. Mobile tower-in a pekchhuah RF Radiation hi electromagnetic spectrum-ah non-ionising radiation a nih avang hian a chakna (energy) hian mihring leh ramsate taksa chhunga atom leh DNA molecule te hi an nihphung (genetic sequence) khawih chhe thei lo tura ngaih a ni.
WHO pawhin kum 1987 khan energy hniam tak a nih avangin finfiahna ṭha tak leh chiang taka mihring hriselna a nghawng theih dan a awm lo tiin thuchhuah an lo nei tawh a ni. Chutih laiin khawvel hmun hrang hranga zirbingna aṭanga an hmuhchhuahah chuan tower bul hnaia awmten insawiselna (health effects) hrang hrang- tha na, luhai, mut ṭhat theih loh, chau hma, chawei tui lo, etc. an nei. Kum 2011 khan WHO hnuaia International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) chuan RF radiation, frequency range 30kHz–300GHz hi Group 2B ah ṭhenin cancer thlen theitu (carcinogen siamtu) a ni tih thuchhuah an lo nei ve leh bawk a. Mobile phone hmang nasa leh tower bul hnaia awmteah RF radiation hian an thisen (lymphocytes) a mi DNA a khawih danglam thei (DNA breaks) tih an zirchhuak a (Gandhi et al.2014). He radiation hian mihring taksa chhung a kaltlang hian chemical reaction lo insiamin taksa tana ṭangkai lo, free radicals (reactive oxygen species ROS) mamawh aia tam a siam a, taksa tan pawi an khawih thei ta ṭhin a ni (Yakymenko et al.2015).
Europe ram hmun ṭhenkhata an zirchianna pakhatah chuan hun rei tak chhung tower bul hnaia chengte zingah cancer vei an tam tih hmuhchhuah a ni. (Abdel-Rassonl et al.,2007). India ram chhunga zirmite pawhin an hmuhchuah dan a ni tho. Mahse he zirbingna (scientific research) hi vawiin thlengin kalpui a ni a, mihring hriselna a nghawng dan leh cancer a thlen leh thlen loh chungchangah chiang taka finfiahna (convincing scientific evidence) a la awm chiah lo va, mithiamte zingah inhnialna tawp thei lo vawiin thlengin a la awm reng a ni.
Mizoramah chuan Mobile tower hi kum 2000 aṭang khan mobile communication atan hman ṭan a ni a, ṭhangkhat lian zet chu kan lo hmang ve ta reng mai. A bul hnaia chengte’n insawiselna an neih ṭhin avangte leh hmun danga an zirchiannaah hriselna eng emaw chenah nghawng a nei tih hmuhchhuah a nih avangin, kan ramah ngei hian Tower aṭanga RF Radiation-in a bul hnaia chengte tan hriselna engti ang takin nge nghawng a neih dan zirchian châkna a lo awm a.
Tichuan Department of Physics, Mizoram University-a Professor kaihhruaina hnuaiah mipui nawlpui tan leh kan ram tana ṭangkaina a neih beiseiin zirchianna (scientific research) kan nei ta a ni. A chipchiarin kan ziak dawn lo va, mipui kaihruai thei tur leh ṭangkaipui thei tur leh a tawi thei ang berin kan ziak dawn a, scientific leh technical term loh theih loha hman a ngaihna laite pawh a awm dawn a ni.
Scientific organisation hrang hrangin hriselna atana pawi lo tur chin (safety limit), mobile tower-in signal a pekchhuah tur Power Density an bithliah a. India ramah chuan International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP, 1998) in recommended limit a siam power density = 4700mW/m2 leh Indian standard (2012) power density = 450 mW/m2 te hi kan hmang mek a. Mithiamten hun rei tak chhung an zirchian hnuah heng safety limit te aia a san loh chuan hriselna atana pawi lo tura ngaih a ni a. Hei hi Mobile phone siamtu company te pawhin a him chin niin an ngai bawk a.
Power density tehna khawl pakhat Aaronia, Germany siam hmangin Mizoram chhung District hrang hranga mobile tower-in signal a pekchhuah power density leh frequency spectrum-te hi tower aṭanga 50m bial chhung leh 50m bial pawnah uluk taka teh chhuah a ni a. Hmun ṭhenkhatah a sang lai deuh (500mW/m2) awm mah se, average-a lakin vanneihthlak takin Indian standard (450mW/m2, 2012) leh ICNIRP standard, (4700mW/m2, 1998) in recommended limit te hi a pel lo vek tih hmuhchhuah a ni a. Power density te hi tower antenna hawi zawng leh a bul hnaia building leh mihring awmna hmun azir te, a ram awm dan (topography), tlang ram leh phai ram a zirin a danglamin a inthlau ve thei a. Tower antenna nena inzâwn (directly horizontal) taka awm building ah power density hi a sang ber a, antenna hawina lam hnuai leh chung lamah chuan a tlem tial tial a ni. Tower hnaiha signal daltu hrang hrang building, tlang, etc. avangte hian power density te hi a danglam thei a. Keini tlangrama awm, Mizoram angah chuan phai ram nen power density a inthlak dan hi a inang thei lo a ni.
Tower bul hnai 50m bial chhung leh 50m bial pawna chengte tan taksa insawiselna hrang hrang an neihte survey neiin questionnaire hmanga chhântir an ni bawk a. Tower bul hnaia cheng ve lo (>500m) te pawh questionnaire inang chiah chhântir an ni bawk a.
Khawl (Aaeronia, Germany) hmanga power density tehna hmuna chengte tan taksa insawiselna an neih hrang hrang chi 13 te chu SPSS software hmangin zirchianna (statistical analysis, independent t-test hmangin) neih a ni bawk a. Tower bul hnaia cheng ve lote aiin tower bula hnaia chengten insawiselna an nei tam zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Chu'ng zingah chuan lu na (headache), tihrawl na (muscle pain) te hi insawiselna an neih tam ber a ni. Tower bul hnaia chengte zingah mipa aiin hmeichhiain insawiselna (significant health effects) an nei tam zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni tel bawk. Hei hi a chhan tam tak awm thei zingah hmeichhiate hi mipa aiin in lamah an awm tam deuh zawk vangin RF Radiation exposure an lo dawng tam deuh nge ngea chhût a ni.
Hriselna atana him tura ngaih safety limit, Indian standard leh ICNIRP leh scientific body hrang hrangten an siamte aiin power density kan tehchhuah hi a hniam zawk vek nachungin, tower bul hnaia chengte’n insawiselna (health effects) an la neih reng tho si avangin heng recommended limit te hi a him tawk tawh lova ngaih a ni a. Europe leh khawtlang ramten an standard te nena khaikhinin India rama an standard hman hi siamṭhat (revise) a ngai tawh hle tih hi kan hmuh dan a ni.
Heng kan zirbingna result leh scientific data aṭangte hian finfiahna chiang tak kan hmuh avangin hemi chungchangah hian Department of Telecommunication, Government of India-ah rawtna (suggestion) siam tura hma lak mek a ni bawk a ni.
Khawvel pian tirh ata Pathian thilthlawnpek hlu tak natural radioactive substance te hi ṭangkai takin industry, agriculture, defence leh Medical Science lamah te hman mek a ni a. Heng radioactive substance te hian radiation zungzam (natural background radiation an tih) an pe chhhuak ve reng a, kum khatah 3.7 mSv/year (milli Severt per year tihna) an pe chhuak a, a tam tham loh avangin kan hriselna atan a pawi lova ngaih a ni. Tin, mihringin kan siam chawp artificial radioactivity – Xray, CT Scan, MRI, etc. ten radiation zungzam hi damlo mamawhtuten an dawng ve reng bawk a. Cancer damlo enkawlna Radiotherapy-ah pawh hian radiation hi ṭangkai taka hman mek a ni a.
Heng medical lama natna zawnchhuahna (diagnosis) leh enkawlna (treatment) atana hmante hi chu chakna tharui sang tak (MeV- milion electron volt) nei chi, Ionising radiation an tihte an ni a. A nih dan tur anga hman a nih lohva Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), Govt. of India in safety regulation a siam anga hman a nih loh chuan taksa tan hlauhawm leh cancer thleng pawha thlen thei a ni.
A chhan chu thahrui sang tak (MeV) nei an nih vang a ni. Amaherawhchu, tuna kan sawi mek mobile tower radiation te hi chu thahrui tlem zawk (KeV–kilo electron volt, non-ionising category) nei an nih avangin hriselna nghawng nei tlem zawk leh cancer (cell mutation) te phei chu thlen thei lo tur niin mithiam tam takin an la ngai a ni. Molecular level-a zirna (DNA mutation analysis) chungchang hi Biotechnology Department, MZU nen ṭangkawpin zirchianna kalpui mek a ni a. Tun atan chuan kan duhtawk phawt ang a, he kan zirchian lehna hi remchang hmasaah tihchhuah leh kan tum dawn nia.
Reference:
1. Abdel-Rassoul G., Abou El-Fatech O., Abou Salem M., Michael A., Farahat F., El-Batanouny M., Salem E. (2007), Neurobehavioral effects among inhabitants around mobile phone base stations. Neurotoxicology 28(2):434-440.
2. Gandhi G., Kaur G., Nisar U. (2014). A cross-sectional case control study on genetic damage in individuals residing inthe vicinity of a mobile phone base station. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 4: 344–354.
3. ICNIRP – International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, “Statement on the Guidelines for limiting exposure to time varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz)”, Health Phys (Germany), vol. 97, pp. 257-258, Sep. 2009.
4. ICNIRP Guidelines For Limiting Exposure to Time Varying Electric, Magnetic and Electromagnetic Fields (1998), Health Physics 74 (4): 494–522.
5. Yakymenko I., Tsybulin O., Sidorik E., et al. (2015). Oxidative mechanisms of biological activity of low-intensity radiofrequency radiation. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 19:1–16.
6. World Health Organisation (WHO) Media Centre, Electromagnetic Fields and Public Health: Mobile Phones 2011, http://www.who.int/mediacentre....
- Dr. Lallawmzuala, Mizoram State Cancer Institute, Aizawl Prof. Zaithanzauva Pachuau Department of Physics, Mizoram University