Kristiante rinna humhim: David Hume, Bertrand Russell leh Richard Dawkins te thlirna

Mi thiam zawk leh hre zau zawk te, hnial khan ṭha leh dik zawkte min hnial letna tur thil tam tak a awm chungin, Pathian kan rinna leh Pathian hi a awm ngei a ni tih hi kan thiam tawk beitham tak hmangin kan sawi dawn a ni.

Pathian awm rinna (Theism)

Pathian awm rinna/ Theism hi Greek ṭawng 'Theos/ God' leh 'ism' aṭanga lakkawp a ni a, Pathian/ pathian a awm rinna tiin kan sawifiah mai thei awm e. Zau taka sawi chuan, thlarau emaw thilsiam famkim leh thiltithei tak emaw, a bik takin Kristian, Juda leh Muslim-te’n khawvel siamtu leh thununtu anga an biak ṭhin, chumi chu awma kan rinna hi a ni tiin kan sawi thei bawk.

Isua Krista ringtute chuan Kristian Theism kan zui a, a thu leh a Fapa Isua hmanga inpuangtu Pathian dik pakhat chauh chu kan ring a ni. Chutianga kan rinna nghet bur mai chu Science leh Philosophy lama mi thiam chungchuang pathuam - David Hume, Bertrand Russell, leh Richard Dawkins-te’n an dodalna ṭhenkhat kan en dawn a. Keini ang chuan a famkimin kan sawi ve thiam lo tih erawh phat rual a ni lo e.

David Hume

David Hume (1711-1776) hi Scottish philo­sopher a ni a, English ṭawnga Philosophy ziaktu ṭha ber nia ngaih a ni fo. Metaphysical (a taka hmuh tur awm si lo, Science thiamna hmanga sawifiah theih loh, mahse kan sawifiah theih si - hmangaihna, Pathian adt) thil lakah fimkhur hle mah se, sakhaw lam a ngaihven hle a ni.

David Hume hi Pathian awm ring lo mi anga ngaih a ni a, mahse Pathian awm ring lo emaw Agnostic (Pathian a awm leh awm loh chiang lo) emaw Deist (Pathian awm ring sia sakhaw awm/ din tûlna hre lo mi) a ni em tih kha David Hume hi a thih dawnah khan chiang takin kan hre hran lo.

Engpawhnise, a kut chhuak langsar tak chu 'Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion' kum 1779 a chhuah kha a ni a. Chutah chuan Pathian a awm rinna hi a dodal a nih kha. Hume-a’n a Dialogues-a Pathian awm rinna a dodalna nasa ber chu sualna leh Pathian nunphung, dikna leh felna hi a ni. A ngaihdan chuan khawvela sualna tam tak awm reng si, chung siamtu Pathian chu mi fing, tha famkim leh thiltithei anga ngaih chu a theih loh.

A rin dan chuan Pathian hi awm ta se, a chhia leh tha insual renga buaina awm chinfel hi a ngaihsak lo hle niin a ngai a. Hei hi Pathian awm ringtute tana a chhan tur (intellectual challenge) harsa ber a ni pawhin a lang.

Pathianin mihringte a siam khan zalen taka thutlukna siam theihna a pe a. He an theihna hi hnawl ni ta se, Pathian kan hmangaihna (the supreme ethic) chu duhthlanna a ni lo vang a, tihluihna a ni ang. Chuti a nih chuan hmangaihna tak tak a ni lo vang. Kohhran Pa Augustine (354-430) chuan he thu hi a lehkhabu On the Free Choice of the Will-ah khan a sawi a, duhthlanna zalenna hi mihring min siamtu a ni tih a sawi. Pathian chuan duh thlang theiin min siam a, chu chu zalen taka Amah chawimawi, rin leh zui kan thlan theih nan a ni. Chuvângin, hmangaihna, zahna, rinna, leh thuâwihnaah chuan zalên taka thutlûkna siam theihna chu a awm a ni. Chumi rahchhuah pakhat chu duhthlanna ṭhenkhat chu a rapthlak emaw, a sual emaw a ni dawn a ni (Eden huana Adama leh Evi thu awih lohna chhiatthlak tak kha). Chuvang chuan sual tihbo theihna awmchhun chu duhthlanna zalenna tihbo hi a ni. Chuvângin, sual chu mihringte duhthlanna zalên rah chhuah mai a ni.

John Stackhouse chuan hetiang hian a sawi a: Pathian chuan mi dangte hmangaih leh hmangaih nih a duh a. Pathianin mihringte hi chu ngaihtuahna nei chuan a siam a ni. Chutiang inpawlna nei thei tûr chuan Pathian chuan duhthlanna zalênna min pêk a ngai a, a chhan chu hmangaihna chuan tihluihna nei mah se, amahin emaw nawr luih emaw a nih loh hunah chauh awmzia a nei a ni. Mahse, he duhthlanna zalên hi Pathian hmangaihna hlimpui tûr leh Pathian hmangaih let nâna hman ni loin Pathian leh mahni ṭhatna tûr dodâl chungin mahni kawng zawh tûra hman sual theihna a keng tel a. Hei hi Eden huana Adama leh Evi chanchin hian a tarlang a ni.

Pathian hian sual a ngaihsak lo tihna a ni lo a (Thuf. 6:16, 15:26; Sam 5:4), nungchang leh sual nihphungte hi mihringte sualna (Pathian thu awih loh tura duhthlanna zalen) avanga lo awm a ni.

Bertrand Russell

Gear thlak danglamin, Agnostic philosopher lar tak Bertrand Russell-a (1872-1970) chuan he khawvela thil awm zawng zawng hi atom-te'n tihpalh thilthua an phuah rem avanga lo awm a ni tih ngaihdan chu 'The Free Man’s Worship' tih thupui hmanga ziakin Pathian rinna a dodal a. Engmah hi kan tum ang taka siam chhuah a awm lo niin a ngaidan aṭang chuan a lang.

Timothy Keller, 'The Reason for God' tih lehkhabu ziaktu chuan, kan hriat loh Pathian kan chhuichhuah theihna hmanrua chu, thilmawi kan hriatna nen hian thuhmun reng ang a ni tiin a sawi a. He a thusawi hi uluk taka ngaihtuah chian chuan nghawng a neih nasat dan tur hi hai rual a ni lo. Thil mawi leh nalhte hi engmah a ni lo a, mahse i thluaka hriatna thazamte chuan (neurological hardwired) mawi ti turin a lo chháng let mai a ni tiin a sawi a. Mahse chu chu a ni tak tak em?

Zaipawl hotupa Leonard Bernstein-a chuan a lehkhabu 'The Joy of Music' ah chuan Beethoven-a rimawi mawinain nghawng a neih dan sawiin Beethoven-a hian thil ṭha tak tak, Van aṭanga lo chhuak, a tawpa i hriat theihna turin thiltihtheihna a nei a: chu chu khawvelah hian thil dik tak tak a awm tih hi a ni. A pum puiah hian thil pakhat, a dan zawm rengtu a awm a, chu chu rintlak, min tibeidawng ngai lo tur thil hi a awm a ni tiin a sawi a. Chuvangin Beethoven-a rimawite hi kan thluakin mawi ti turin a ngaihtuah chawp nge amah hian mawina a nei zawk?

Augustine-a chuan a lehkhabu "Confessions"-ah chuan duhthusam hi Pathian awmzia hriat theihna a ni, tiin a sawi a. Ka chau lutuk hian zan mut ṭhat ka duhna chu zanin hian a thleng dawn tih a finfiah lo nain, hetianga duhna ka neihna hi a tak nen a inzawm tih hi a dik a ni. C.S. Lewis-a chuan a lehkhabu 'Mere Christianity'-ah heti hian a ziak a, “He khawvela ka thil tawn reng reng hian lungawina famkim min pe thei lo a nih chuan, a sawifiahna awm thei ber chu khawvel dang tana siam ka ni tih hi a ni" tiin a sawi a.

Hêng zawng zawng hi Russell-a ngaihdân hmingthang tak nêna han chhui dawn hian, chutiang duhna tihlawhtling thei Pathian awm ta se, he Pathian hian thil thleng mai ni loin thil tum neiin min siam a nih a rinawm. Chu chu chhui chian tlak a ni.

Richard Dawkins

Khawvela lehkhabu ropui pawl 'The God Delusion' ziaktu chuan Pathian chu hetiang hian a sawi a, "Thuthlung Hlui Pathian hi thawnthu zawng zawngah chuan mi hrehawm ber a ni tih chu sawi theih a ni: thikthu chhia, mi rilru te, hleih nei, phuba la duh, thisen chhuah duh, hnam tithianghlimtu, hmeichhe haw em em, mawngkawhurte haw em em, chi inthliarna duhtu, ad.t a ni" tiin a sawi a nih kha.

Deuteronomy-a Thuthlung Hlui thu (7:1-5; 20:16-18) kan hmuh hi a chunga Dawkins-a thusawi ang hian Pathian ring lote hian an tarlan tam ber a ni tlangpui. He chángah hian Pathianin Israel mite chuan Kanaan mite tiboral tûrin a hrilh a. He thuziak hian mi tam tak a tibuai a, Dawkins-a’n a Pathian nihna a hmuhna hmun entir nan a hmang thei bawk. Pathian ṭha leh hmangaihna nei tak chuan engtin nge he thu hi a zirtir theih ang tih ngaihtuah chuan hriatthiam a har hle ang.

Hetianga Bible thuziak khirh tak hi awmzia nei tur chuan a hunlai boruak (context) hriat tel a ngai a, Pathian chu tu nge a nih aṭangin a ṭan a ngai a ni. Pathian chu leia rorêltute ang a ni lo a, Joe Biden emaw Volodymyr Zelenskyy emaw ang a ni lo. Engkim siamtu leh Khawvel Lal a ni. Chutiang a nih lai chuan, Nunna petu a ni a, A duh hunah nunna a la thei a, engkim hi a thu thu a ni.

A dawt lehah chuan A thupek chu a dik em tih ngaihtuah chian a ni (dikna sawifiah chu keimahni kutah awm ang maiin). Mihring kan nih angin, mahni invenna atan emaw, mi dangte humhimna atan emaw, indona dik takah emaw, mi dangte nunna lak chu a dik nia kan hriat hun a awm thei. He thuziaka Kanaan mite chungchânga kan hriatthiam tûr chu hei hi anmahni tihhlum tûra thil tih tûr awmze nei lo tak tak a ni lo tih hi a ni. Kanaan mite chu mi sual tak an ni a, an pathian dang biakna tenawm takah chuan thlarau lamah an hlauhawm hle.

Pathianin Israel fate hnênah, "In fel avang emaw, in rilru dik avang emawin an ram chu in luah dawn lo va, heng hnam sualna avang leh LALPAN in pu Abrahama te, Isaaka te, Jakoba te hnena a chhechham thu tinghet turin LALPA in Pathianin anni chu a hnawhchuahsak che u a ni zawk e," tiin chiang takin a hrilh a nih kha (Deut. 9:5).

An sualna tarlan tur pakhat chu naupang hmanga inthawina hi a ni. Timothy Fox-a chuan heti hian min hriattir a, “An fate chu pathian Moleka hnena inthawina atan meipuiah nung chungin an hal a. Chu thiltih pakhat chauh chu an boral vek theihna tur khawpa sual lian a ni," tiin a sawi.

Dawkins-a’n Pathian awm a dodalna dang chu science a ni. A ngaihdan chuan science thiam tak emaw leh mi fing tak (sensible) i ni thei a, sakhaw mi i ni thei bawk.

Tunlai science hi Bible-a khawvel thlirna aṭanga lo chhuak a ni. Francis Bacon, astronomer Kepler leh Galileo te, Mathematician leh Physic thiam tak Isaac Newton te chuan Pathian an ring vek a. An vai hian tunlai science hmasawnna atan bultumtu an ni. Pathian chu inrelbawlna leh a nih dan tur taka che ṭhin Pathian a nih avângin, thilsiamte chu mumal taka awm tûrin an beiseiin an ngai a ni. Mi pakhat ngaihdan chu sual vangin a dik lo thei tih an hrethiam bawk a, chuvangin mi dangte chuan scientist pakhatin a sawi chu an finfiah a ngai a ni.

Dawkins chuan Pathian leh science hi ngaihfin loh tur niin a ngai. Kum 1916 khan American psychologist James Leuba chuan zirchianna a nei a, scientist-te chu Pathian an ring em tih a zawtin ṭawngṭainate an nei ngai em tih a zawt a. Za zela 40 chuan an tih thu an nemnghet a, zaa 40 chuan an ti lo tih an nemnghet a, zaa 20 chuan eng kawng pawhin an ring lo. Edward Larson leh Larry Witham te chuan he zirchianna hi kum 1997 khan scientist-te nena zawhna inang chiah hmangin an ti leh a, a danglam vak lo tih an hmuchhuak. Pathian awm ring lo philosopher Thomas Nagle pawhin Dawkins-a’n thil tak tak a ngaihdan hi a pawm lo.

Science hian engkim a sawifiah vek thei lo va, sakhaw rinna nen pawha inmil takin an awm dun thei bawk. Khawvela kan lo awm chhan hi tihpalh thilthu emaw, khawvela sual a awm avangin Pathian a awm thei lo tih emaw rin hi thil dik lo tak a ni bawk. Rin loh aiin Pathian rin hi a dik zawk.

- Rinfela Zadeng