BUDGET 2023-24 LEH MIZORAM HMASAWNNA

Mizoram Budget 2023-24 chu Mizoram Legislative Assembly-ah sawiho niin, remtih a ni ta a. Kum hnih zet Covid-19 hripui leng avangin ei-sum zawnna leh sawrkar sum dinhmunin a chhiatphah a, tunah hian leirem kan rap ṭan leh mek a ni. Kum 2023-24 budget aṭang hian Mizoram hian hmasawnna rahbi thar hmuh tur a nei dawn em? tih hi kan ngaihtuah ho dawn a ni.

State thawhchhuah a tlem hle: Kum 2023-24 Budget-ah hian Revenue receipt aṭanga State thawh­chhuah ve tur beisei zat hi zaah 17 a ni a; a dang zaah 83 hi sawrkar laipui aṭanga hmuh tur (central transfers) a ni thung. Revenue receipt hi hlawm li-ah ṭhen theih a ni a. Chungte chu State chhiah aṭanga hmuh te, state chhiah ni lo thil dang aṭanga hmuh te, sawrkar laipui chhiah aṭanga state chanvo leh sum indaih­lohna ṭanpuina (revenue deficit grant) leh ṭanpui sum dang CSS/ EAP aṭanga lokal te a ni.

Revenue deficit grant hi a tlem tial tial a, a zuih ral ṭep niin a lang. CSS aṭanga sum hmuh hi central sawrkarin a khuahkhirhna sawt hle bawk. State sawrkar tan hman mai a remchang tawh lo hle niin a lang. Open Market borrowing leh RBI aṭanga Ways & Means Advance lamah kan inhnangfak a, Cash Management lamah state sawrkarin harsatna namenlo a tawk mek niin a lang.

Revenue expenditure a sang hle: Revenue expen­diture ruahman zat hi sang hle. Budget pum­puia sum hmanral tur aṭangin zaah 78 lai a tling. Sawrkar hnathawk hlawh, leiba pung rulhna leh pension atana hmanralte hi ‘committed expenditure’ tih a ni bik a. A awmzia chu heng atana sum hman tur hi a awm ngei tur a ngaih a ni. State sawrkar hian thla tin a tlem berah ‘committed expenditure’ atan Rs vbc 580-600 vel a mamawh dawn niin a lang. Revenue account hnuaia Untied fund hi thla tin Rs vbc 638 vel hmuh beisei a ni bawk. Untied Fund hi state inekawlna leh ṭul hrang hranga state sawrkar sum hman theih zat sawina a ni ber awm e.

Untied fund te hi beisei anga hmuh a nih chuan RBI aṭanga puk buai fo ngai loin sawrkar a kal thei dawn niin a lang. Hei hi thil lawmawm tak a ni ngei ang. Untied fund hi state chhiah leh chhiah ni lo thil dang aṭanga sum lut te, sawrkar laipui chhiah inṭawm aṭanga hmuh leh sum indaihlohna ṭanpuina te an ni. Sawrkar sum hmuhna lam a pun loh a, revenue expenditure a pun hian rotling thilsiamna lamin a tuar thung a, ram hmasawnna sumin a tlak­hniam phah ṭhin a ni.

Rotling thil siamna lam a beitham: Ram tana rotling thil siamna tur bik ‘capital outlay’ hi a beitham hle. Budget pumpui aṭanga sum hman tur aṭangin zaah 12 vel a ni a, GSDP aṭanga chhut phei chuan zaah 5 chauh a ni bawk. Capital outlay hi ram leina tur te, sawrkar in leh lo sakna tur te, kawngpui siam leh lei dawh te, tui lakna kawng te, infiamna ruhrel te, thil siamna atana khawl ṭha zawk leina atana sum hlawm lian sawina a ni.

Ram hmasawnna hna thawhna tur atan sum duh tawk hman tur neih hi hmasawnna bul a ni. Central aṭanga sum lokal a tlem telh telh avangin, Capital outlay atana sum dah tur thahnem zawk ngaihtuah hi a pawimawh chho zel dawn a ni.

Major deficit indicators: Sawrkar sum dinhmun tehkhawng pawimawh tak chu Revenue deficit/surplus te, Fiscal deficit leh Primary deficit te hi an ni a. Sawrkar sum hmuh aia hmanral zat a tam chuan sum indaihlohna ‘Revenue deficit’ a awm tihna a ni. Hei hi sawrkar sum dinhmun hrisel lo sawina a ni. FBRM Act 2006 chuan Revenue account-a sum indaihlohna neih hi a remti tawh lo nghe nghe a ni.

Budget pumpuia sum indaihlohna, puka hnawh khah ngai hi Fiscal deficit tih a ni a. Kum thar budget-ah hian State sum thawhchhuah (GSDP) aṭanga chhutin fiscal deficit hi zaah 3.47 a ni dawn a ni. FRBM Act 2006 (2020 Amendment) chuan fiscal deficit him chin tur a ruahman chu GSDP aṭanga chhutin zaah 3.5 a ni. Leiba pung (interest payment) rulh hnua fiscal deficit awm zat hi ‘Primary deficit’ tih a ni a; Rs vbc 585 awm tura ruahman a ni.

State leiba ngah ber Mizoram

RBI (2023) tarlan danin March 31, 2023-a Mizoram sawrkar leibat tlingkhawm chu Rs vbc 12991 a ni. Leibat tam lam hi State thawhchhuah zat (GSDP) behchhanin sawi ṭhin a ni a. Mizoram sawrkar leibat zat hi GSDP aṭanga chhutin zaah 53 a ni. India ramah GSDP hisapa leiba ngah ber a ni. Hemi awmzia chu State leiba hi rulh vek tur ni ta se, State sum lakluh zatve aia tam mah hi leiba rulh nan pek chhuah a ngai tihna a ni. Odisha sawrkarin leiba a nei tlem ber a, cheng vbc 1,13,856 a nei; GSDP aṭanga chhutin zaah 16 chauh a ni thung.

Sikkim sawrkarin leiba nei tlem ber anga sawi leh a dawttu Mizoram anga sawi hi a dik famkim tawk lo niin a lang.

Sawrkar laipui aṭanga sum hmuh tur ang chite hi beisei leh mamawh hunah hmuh loh chang a awm fo ṭhin a. Hetiang hunah State sawrkar hian sum mamawh hman­chawp RBI aṭangin a pûk ṭhin a. Hei hi state sawrkar inhnangfakna pawimawh tak a ni. March 31, 2022 thleng khan Mizoram sawrkar hian Ways & Means Advance Rs vbc 256 aia tam lo ni 90 chhung atan a pûk thei a. Overdraft hi ni 21 chhung a nei thei bawk. Kum 2021-22 hian RBI aṭangin WMA lak zat hi Rs vbc 3352 a ni – thla tin Rs vbc 279 pûk ang a ni.

India sawrkar chuan kum 2018 khan Fiscal Responsibility & Budget Management (FRBM) Review Committee N.K. Singh-a kaihhruaina hnuaiah a din a. He Committee hian State leibat tlingkhawm hi GSDP aṭanga chhutin 20% pel lo se tiin rawtna a siam nghe nghe. Leiba him chin ramri pel thui ber State kan ni mek a. Leiba rit tak phur chungin Mizoram economy hi a kal ve chhet chhet a ni.

State innghahna-CSS/EAP

Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) leh Externally Aided Project (EAP) te hi Mizoram hma­sawnna hnukpui kengtu leh ban pawimawh siamtu a tih theih hial awm e. State sum aṭanga hmalakna lian tham sawi tur a awm vak lo niin a lang a. SEDP leh PAHOSS te hi a ni mai awm e. Hei pawh hi ruahmanna ang a ni phak lo hle. Social leh Economic Service hnuaia department pawi­mawh ber berte hi CSS-a innghat an ni. CSS te hi awm lo ta se, Mizoram sawrkar leh mipuite hi an khawhar hle ang. CSS hi State sawrkar department 19-ah kalpui mek niin a lang a; thawktu 10,000 chuang an awm bawk.

Kum 2021-22 hian CSS atan sum Rs vbc 1335 hmuh a ni a, revenue receipt aṭangin zaah 14.57 lai a tling. Kum 2023-24 BE-ah hian CSS sum Rs vbc 2670 beisei a ni. Department tam ber hian hma thar lakna tur sum an nei loh laiin Department 19 laiin CSS sum an nei thei hi a lawmawm hle.

Externally Aided Project (EAP) hi state hmasawnna ruhrel siamtu pawimawh tak a ni ta. State sawrkar hian sawrkar laipui kaltlangin World Bank (WB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) aṭangte'n sum a pûk ṭhin a. EAP kalhmang chu hetiang hi a ni. Project sum zaa 20 hi state sawrkar tum tur (counter-part funding) a ni a, zaah 80 hi loan a ni thung – hei hi Central sawrkarin zaah 90 leh State sawrkarin zaah 10 a intum sem leh tur a ni.

EAP kal lai mek awmte hi Mizoram Health Systems Streng­thening Project (World Bank), Fostering Climate Resilient Upland Farming System in the North East (FOCUS Mizoram)-(IFAD), Technical Assistance for Capacity Enhancement for Sustainable Agriculture and Irrigation-(JICA) leh Japan Sustainable Urban Transport Project in Aizawl City (ADB) te an ni.

Sawrkar hnathawk hlawh...

Sawrkar hnathawk ‘sanc­tioned post’ hi 71663 a awm a; sanctioned post 48245 hnawh khah mek a ni a, hnawh khah loh hi post 23418 a awm bawk. Sawrkar hnathawk tih hian State department hrang hrang, PSU leh Aided Institution & Bodies-a thawkte a huam. Heng bakah hian Provisional employees, co-terminus, contract, muster roll 11638 an awm bawk. Kum 2021-22 khan sawrkar hnathawk hlawh atana hman ral hi Rs vbc 3939 a ni, hei hi Revenue receipts aṭanga chhutin zaah 43 lai a tling. Sawrkar hnathawk pension hlawhah Rs vbc 1331 hmanral a ni bawk a, hei hi revenue receipt aṭanga chhutin zaah 15 lai a tling bawk a ni.

Sawrkar hnathawk hlawh hi Mizoram economy khal kaltu pawimawh tak a ni. Lu mehna dawr thlengin thla tir leh thla tawp a danglam an ti. Sawrkar hnathawkten hunbi dik taka hlawh an lak theih loh hian sawrkar sum dinhmun a hrisel lo hle tih a entir a ni.

Tlangkawmna
Rotling thil siamna tura State sawrkar sum leh pai a beitham lutuk te, leiba phurrit tak maiin min delh reng mai te, State hmasawnnan CSS leh EAP-ah kan inhnangfak rihngawt leh hripui leng chhuanlama sawrkar hnathawk hlawh kan inpe mumal hlei thei lote hi, state sawrkar mualphona mai a ni lo va, hnam mualphona a tling.

Mizoram hmasawnna hi Mizo mipuite finna, remhriatna leh ṭhahnemngaihna leh thawhrimna rah a ni tur a ni a. Budget sumpui aṭanga ngeiin ram leh hnam hmasawnna hnapui thawh kan tum tur a ni. CSS leh EAP te hi min puitu chauh ni thei se a duhawm hle. Rorelna fel leh ṭha, eiruknaa fihlim state kan nih chuan CSS leh EAP sumte hi hman sen loh a lo kal mai dawn a ni. Hmasawnna kawl eng duhawm zawk nei turin beng sikin ngaihtuahna thar i hmang ṭheuh ang u.

- Prof. Vanlalchhawna