MIZORAM INTACH HMALAKNA - II
Mizoram INTACH hmalakna pawimawh deuh pakhat chu Pu Buanga Dictionary chungchangah hian niin Baptist Church of Mizoram (BCM) hruaitute hnenah pawh lehkha pein, anni pawhin London lama Baptist Missionary Society of London (BMS) hnenah Mizoram INTACH ngenna ang hian hmalakna neiin, tunah hian he lama tihtheih chin chu zo thawkhatin kan inhria.
James Herbert Lorrain (Pu Buanga) chu Robert Arthington tirhin kum 1890 December 16-ah Sap ram chhuahsanin India panin 1891 January 21-ah Calcutta a rawn thleng a. F.W. Savidge (Sap Upa) erawh chuan kum 1891 kumtawp lamah a ṭhianpa Pu Buanga hi a rawn fin leh a ni. An pahnih hian a hmasa berin Tripura rama Mizo hnahthlakte zingah rawngbawlna neih an tum a, nimahsela Tripura Raja-in a lo remtih loh avangin kum 1892 January thlaah Chittagong Hill Tracts, Kassalong-ah an kal leh a. Heta an awm lai hian T.H. Lewin-a ziak The Hill Tracks of Chittagong and The Dweller Therein tih lehkhabu hmang chuan Mizo ṭawng an zir ngun hle a, hei hi Mizo ṭawng lehkhabu an hmuh hmasak ber a ni. Rangamati-ah pawh hun eng emaw ti chhung an khawsa bawkin hetah hian Brojo Nath Shaha siam Grammar of Lushai Language tih lehkhabu chu an hmu leh a, ni tinin an zir ṭhinin Mizo pa pakhat kawm tur hi an hmu fuh hlauh bawka sawi a ni.
Chutianga Tripura leh Mizoram Chhim lama luh a rem tak loh zelah chuan Mizoram Hmar lama luh tumin kum 1893 kum bul lamah chuan Silchar an pan ta ngawt mai a. Silchar an awm lai hian T.H. Lewin-a lehkhabu siam Progressive Colloquial Exercise in Lushai Dialects of the Dzo or Kuki Language tih bu chu an nei leh hlauh mai a, nasa taka zirin en loa sawi chhuak vek thei khawpin an chhiar nasa nghe nghe. Silchar-a an awm lai hian Mizo pawh an hmu zauh zauh ṭhin nia sawi a ni a. Tichuan, Mizoram luh a lo rem takah chuan Tlawng dunga Lawnga kalin Jan. 11, 1894-ah Sairang an thleng a, Sairang aṭanga Aizawl kal lehin Jan. 16, 1894-ah an lut a, Aizawl Dawrpui Middle School hmunah hian Puan In kaihin chutah chuan an awm phawt a. Chumi hnuah chuan Bawrhsap A.W. Davis hmun pek angin tuna zarkawt Biak In dinna hmun takah hian Di In lian tak sain chutah chuan an cheng ta a ni.
Dictionary siam tura Pu Buanga hmalak dante;
Kumtir 1892; Lushaiho ka aṭanga thu an sawi ka hriat hmasak ber, Chittagong Hills Tracts-a kan awm laia ka chhinchhiah aṭangin a bul ka man. Hemi hma hian, Lushai ṭawng thumal a bua mi ka lo ‘copy’ tawh nual a.
January 1894; Fort Aizawla kan in kan luah hnuah, Lushai ṭawng tihtakzeta kan zirna aṭangin.
December 1897; Lushai Dictionary bute kan siam zo va. (Assam sawrkarin 1898-ah min chhuahsak) A copy rei tak a awm tawh lo. N. Lushai Hills – Welsh Mission kutah (1897) Dictionary bute ka siam zawh hnu lawkin ka hlan.
January 1, 1898 – March, 1903; Kum nga chhung, Lushai Hills kan chhuahsan ta a. Furlough leh Damdawi lam kan zir zawhin Abor & Miri-hote zingah Sadya (Assam)-ah pioneer missionary-in ka kal leh.
March 1903; BMS hnuaiah South Lushai Hills-ah hna kan ṭan chiah a, Dictionary bu lian siam tumin hma ka la thar leh a, Lushaiho thumal ka lakhawm leh ṭan.
February 1932; Lushai Hills ka hawsan ta.
July 1933; Lushai Dictionary bu lian siam nan, ka note-lak te ka ziak lut ṭan – India ramah kum 2 leh a chanve he hna thawk hian ka la awm.
May 1933; Press-a pek turin, a phek mal te te-in ‘copy’ ṭhat hna kan thawk. Mr. Wenger (BMS Missionary)-in min ṭanpui.
December 1937; Mr. Wenger-an India ramah min kalsan leh.
August 1938; Press-a pek turin copy hna ka zo. Ziak ṭhat lehna hna pawhin kum 2 leh a chanve lai a duh a ni.
August 1938; Press-a chhut tura ‘copy’ ka zawh hnu hian, India ram aṭanga zawhna ka siam chhanna lo thlengkhawmte ka ziak lut leh – Note bu 16 – 35 ka hmang. Hemi bak, lehkhabu ka copy chhuahna No. 1 – 15 a la awm bawk.
April 14th 1939; Dictionary bu buatsaih chu KAN ZO VEK TA – khawlin (Typewriter) Introduction tel lovin chhut zawk vek a ni ta.
April 17th 1939; Mr. Angus-an Manuscript zawng zawng Mission House-ah a la phei.
April 19th 1939; Manuscript – India ramah (chhut turin) England aṭangin an thawn.
Kutziak – phek 2346 (Introduction tel loin)
Khawlchhut – phek 1667 (-do-)
Hun hman zat;
India rama thil lakkhawm nan – 1892 – 1897 = Kum 4
India ramah note siam ṭhat nan – Kum 2 leh a chanve
England ramah note siam ṭhat nan – Kum 5 (1933 – 1938)
India ram aṭanga note hmuh belh ziak nan – Aug 1935 – 14th Apr 1939. A vaiin kum 8 leh thla 2
A chhung thu zawng zawng lakkhawm nan – Kum 32
A chhung thu zawng zawng siam fel nan – Kum 8 leh thla 6
Total – kum 40 leh thla 6
(Hengte hi Pu Buanga ziak ngei aṭanga lakchhawn a ni)
Pu Buanga Dictionary kan tih mai, DICTIONARY OF THE LUSHAI LANGUAGE hi kum 1940-ah tihchhuah a niin kum 1975-ah pawh tihchhuah nawn leh a ni. He Dictionary-ah hian thumal Sing thum chuang zet chu hrilhfiah a niin ṭangkai taka hman a ni a, hetah hian hnam dang ṭawng ringawt pawh thumal 251 chu Mizo ṭawnga seng luh a ni. Rev. Zathanga chuan Tirhkoh a nih laiin Pu Buanga’n Dictionary a siamte chu a enpui ṭhin bawk a, ani bakah hian Pu Thangchhunga, Ṭhuampui khuaa Mission School zirtirtu ṭhin kha mi ṭangkai tak a ni bawk. Mizorama a awmlaiin Pu Buanga hian Dictionary hi a peih hman loh avangin Sap rama a haw hnu khan Pu Thangchhunga hnenah hian Dak-ah thu harsa leh a hriatthiam loh tinreng a rawn zawt ṭhin a, kum nga leh a chanve chhung teh meuh chu chutiang chuan zawhna sangnga dawn lai a rawn zawtin, Pu Thangchhunga hian a zuk chhangin a hrilhfiah ṭhin a ni.
Dictionary a buatsaih lai hian Pu Buanga chuan hawrawp indawta a chhinchhiahna lehkha them chu thingrem sei zit zetah hian a dah ṭha vek a, chu'ng thingrem chu a Pisa dawhkanah a hung tlar ṭhap ṭhin a ni. Tuk khat chu Thingrem chu Sazu hian a lo luhkhungin chhuatah te chuan chung lehkha pawimawh tak takte chu a lo chap darh nuaih mai a, hmaih nei miah loin a han chharkhawm leh a, thingrem awm khauh a hman tak thu a sawi bawk. Tin, a hnu kum eng emaw zat liam hnuin a Pisa chu an sa ṭha a, a chung an ṭhiah lai chuan In chung khawilai hmun emaw aṭang hian lehkha hlawm leh them, chih nawi tih hriat tak mai, hlawm ṭhenkhat chu naupang lawm atana an theh thla lai a hmu a, a han enchian chuan a Dictionary buatsaih lai chu a ni tih a han hre ta a, fimkhur leh uluk takin a han remkhawm leh a, hmaih palh neih hlau tak chungin a buaipui tak nain, a kim leh kim loh pawh a hriatthiam tawh loh thu Pu Buanga hian a Dictionary thuhmahruaiah a ziak lang a ni.
Thuhmahruaiah bawk hian thumal tam tak chu telh a nih loh tak dan hetiang hian Pu Buanga chuan a tarlang bawk a, "A tira ka tum dan ber chuan he Dictionary-a thumal ding (principal words) te tihfiahna tura a tlukpui Lushai leh English sentence dah a ni a, chumi atan chuan sang tam tak ka khawnkhawm hman a. Khawla chhut tura ka buatsaih mek laiin B.M.S lamin a chhah luat avanga a chhutna senso bituk chin aia tam sen a ngaih dawn avangin, eng emaw chin chu paih ṭhen turin min ngen ta a. Chu'nga ka paih takte chu a dang zawng aiin ka uiin ka inchhir a, a chhan chu he sentence lakkhawm hian thumal chi hrang hrang dik taka hmanna kawngah a pui nasa dawn tih ka hriat avang leh, he ṭawng hriat hlawh lo tak mai zir hi a tinuamin a tihlimawm hle dawn tih ka hriat vang a ni," tiin.
Pu Buanga sawi ang hian chung tel loh (Omission) te chu dah ṭhat a nih ngei ringin Mizoram INTACH te chuan kum 2020 aṭang khan an buaipui a. A hmasa ber atan Baptist Church of Mizoram (BCM) hruaitute hnenah lehkha pein Pu Buanga Dictionary-a telh loh thumal tam takte hi kan hnam tana ṭangkai tak tur a nih avangin zawnchhuah ngei ni se, tiin Dec. 23rd, 2020 ah chuan lehkha an thawn a (No. INTACH/MZR-CC/2019-20/451). BCM lam pawhin lehkha hi an lo dawng ngeiin bawhzui dan tur pawh ngaihtuahna an nei a, uluk taka ngaihtuahna an neih hnuin BMS lamah chuan lehkha thawn thlak ni se la, Mizoram INTACH lamin an ngenna an ngei hian Pu Buanga Dictionary-a telh tak loh thumal tam takte chu haichhuah leh ni ngei se, tiin lehkha an thawn thla a. Heng thumal paih ṭhente hi Sang ruk (6,000) vel lai nia sawi a ni nghe nghe a, a bua siam tham a nih mai bakah Mizo hnam tana thil ṭangkai tak tur a ni ngeiin a rinawm.
INTACH lamin hetianga hma an lak hma hian Kum 2018-ah BCM hruaitute leh an mi pawimawh tak takte chu London-ah kalin Pu Buanga In pawh an zuk hmu a, a In neitu (leitu) Barrick Rees nen pawh ṭha taka inbiain, Pu Buanga Dictionary pawh an zuk hmu ngei a, amaherawhchu chik takin an thlir lem lo a ni awm e. A neitu hian a roh hle a, ka dam chhung chuan tu m'a khawih ka remti lo a, in duh leh ka thih hnuah in khawih dawn nia, tiin ṭawngkamin a sawi a ni awm e. Amaherawhchu hemi hmunah hian kan duh tak hi a awm em tih erawh hriat chian a ni hauh chuang lo a, khawvel hmun dangah pawh awmin nasa zawka la zawn leh pawh a ṭul mai thei e. Sap Upa ziak ‘From head hunting to Halleujah’ tih bu leh ‘Mission History’ tih bu a bo ang maia hmuh zawh loh a nih chuan a pawi ngawt ang le.
Lehkhabu rawnte;
ZOFATE CHANCHIN THA RAWN HLANTUTE–P.L. Lianzuala
ZOLUANKAWR – C. Chawiliana
LUNGLEI 100 Years – Lunglei Centenary Celebration Committee
HISTORY OF MIZO LITERATURE – Department of Mizo, Mizoram University
Lehkhathawn – Dec. 23rd 2020 nia INTACH Mizoram Chapter-in Baptist Church of Mizoram hruaitute hnenah an lehkhathawn a ni.
- Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak