Indian Union chhungah Mizote
India-in British lak aṭanga zalenna a hmuh cham kan lo thleng leh dawn ta a. Rilrua lo thar leh ṭhin chu kum 1947-a India Independence boruak kara Lushai Hills (Mizoram) dinhmun kha a ni. Indian Union chhunga Mizote kan luh dan hi ziah a tam tawh rualin, a tawi fel thei ang berin tun India Independence vawi 76 cham pualin i han ziak ve leh teh ang.
British ten Mizoram kum 1890 aṭanga min awp hnu kum sawm dawnah Mizoram chu Bial (circle) 18 ah ṭhen hrangin, Superintendent enkawlna hnuaiah an dah a. Hei hi Mizoten sorkar inrelbawl dan kalphung kan hmelhriatna hmasa ber a ni awm e. British-in India ram a awpna dan Government of India Act, 1919-ah khan Mizoram chu hnam hnufual leh humhalh ngai bik kan nihzia hriain ‘Backward Tract’ ah min dah a. Government of India Act, 1935 ah khan ‘Excluded Area’ ah min dah zui bawk a. He GOI Act, 1935 hnuaiah hian sawrkar laipui leh province sorkarten British-India leh an province huam china hman tur dan an siam reng reng, Excluded Area Lushai Hills ah Governor of the Assam Province phalna lo chuan a hman ve theih ngawt loh a ni. British Lal (His Majesty) aiawha British-India-a thuneitu lu ber Governor-General of India hmuina hnuaiah Governor hian a hrang hlakin Excluded Area te chu a enkawl a ni. Heng bakah, GOI Act, 1935, Section 311 (1), ah chiang takin North East Frontier Areas (tribal areas in undivided Assam) chu British India, Burma, Indian State leh eng ram sorkar hnuaiah mah a awm loh thu tarlan a ni bawk a ni.
Lushai Hills Superintendent MacDonalda’n (1943-47) Mizoten an hmalam hun anmahni ngeiin an ngaihtuah theih nan leh, mipuiten khawtlang inrelbawlnaah thuneihna an neih ve theih nan District Conference (Rorel Khawl) chu kum 1946 ah a din a. He District Conference member atan hian Lushai Hills Bial 18 (ex-officio pahnih nen Bial 20) aṭangin mipui leh lalten an aiawh ṭheuh pakhat zel an thlang chhuak a. MacDonald hian British-ten Lushai Hills an chhuahsan hnua mipuite inawp dan tur ‘Draft Constitution for the Lushai Hills’ a duang chhuak bawk a ni. Amaherawhchu, he District Conference-ah hian lalte leh mipuiten aiawh an neih zat a inan avang te, mipui aiawh zo tawk loa an hriat avangte tih leh, chhan hrang avangtein Mizo mi thiam hmasaten a aia huam zau zawk political party, Mizo Union (MU) chu kum 1946, 9th April-ah an lo din ta a ni.
British ten India an chhuahsan a hnaih tak zelah chuan Mizote rilruah India-a awm zui lo turin duhthlan theihna kan nei reng em tih zawhna a tam chho hle a. India ram indan huna hman tur Constitution of India duangtu Constituent Assembly hnuaia undivided Assam tribal-te dinhmun ngaihtuahtu pawl Gopinath Bordoloi chairman-na hnuaia din ‘The North East Frontier (Assam) Tribal and Excluded Area Committee’ chuan ni thum cham turin, ni 17th April, 1947-ah Aizawl an lo zin a. He committee member paruk bakah observer atan B.N. Rau, Constitutional Adviser to the Constituent Assembly of India a lo tel bawk a ni.
Bordoloi Committee tia hriat lar Lushai Hills-a lo kal te hian khatih laia Lushai Hills a pawl hrang hrang aiawh bakah Lushai Hills a awm hnamdang aiawh te, Superintendent MacDonald leh mimal ṭhenkhat an kawm a. He an inkawmna han zirchian hian, chiang taka lang chu committee member te hian Lushai Hills chu India hnuaia awm tawh leh India zawm leh zawm loh thu ah Mizote chuan duhthlan theihna an nei tawh lo ah an dah ber a. Tin, Lushai Hills leh a pawn lam zohnahthlak te chenna Lushai Hills chhunga rin luh leh telh chungchang pawh he inkawm naah hian sawi chhuah a ni a. Ramri leh ram thar siam chungchang chu Constituent Assembly thuneihna leh ngaihtuah tur a nih loh thu leh British ten India an chhuahsan hnu, India Constitution hnuaia inthlan neih zawh lamah sawi lang leh zawk turin committee hian an ti a ni. Bordoloi Committee member te hian India Constitution hnuaia Mizote dinhmun tur leh an duhdan sawipui tura lo kal an nih thu an sawi uar hle bawk a ni.
He committee hnenah hian MacDonald-a din District Conference leh MU ten Lushai Hills in awp dan tura an duan constitution an theh lut ve ve a. MU lam hian ngaih pawimawh an hlawh hle a. Bordoloi Committee recommendation ang ngei a Sixth Schedule duan chhuah a lo nih pawh khan, MU duh dan hi hmuh tur tam tak a awm a ni. Tin, he Bordoloi Committee co-opted member ah MU hruaitu Khawtinkhuma leh Ch. Saprawnga an tel bawk. MU kha chuan thunneihna sang tak nei chung si a India hnuaia lungawi taka awm kha an duh dan ber a ni. Tin, Bordoloi Committee pawh hian Mizo mipui ṭan rawn MU party kha an lam ṭang ah an siam thiam hle bawk a tih theih ang.
Tin, hetih lai hian political party United Mizo Freedom Organization (Zalen Pawl) chu July, 1947 ah din a lo ni ve leh a. He party au hla ber chu Burma ram zawm a ni. Zawm dan tur mipuite an fah dan ber ah chuan ‘Mipui Duhthlan na’ tih deuh tawp a ni a. India Independence dawn hnaih, India hnuaia Mizote dinhmun tur sawi a nih tawh laia hetiang ang ngaihdan dang deuh a lo pian leh tak ah chuan Mizo mipuite ah zawhna a tam hle mai a. Heng ang ngaihdan hrang leh Mizote hma hun sawi ho turin Superintendent L.L. Peters (1947-49) chuan India Independence hma ni 14th August, 1947 ah Lushai Hills chhunga mithiam, hawi zau leh pawl hrang hrang aiawh mi sawmnga Aizawl ah a ko khawm a. He meeting thurel ang in Assam Governor hnenah zawhna thawn a ni, a bengverh zual lo en ila-
1. Section 7 sub-section (2) of the Indian Independence Bill ah Lushai Hills inrelbawl zel dan tur sawi lanna chiang tak a awm loh thu?
2. Lushai Hills hian Burma emaw, Pakistan emaw zawm tur in duhthlan theih na a neih leh neih loh thu?
3. Lushai Hills hian kum 10 hnu ah a duh chuan India Union chhuahsan phalsak ni rawh se.
Governor of Assam chhanna hi India Independence hnu 2nd September, 1947 ah Lushai Hills Superintendent Notice No.7626-30 G of 2.9.1947 ah tarlan a ni a;
1. Lushai Hills hi Assam hnuaia Excluded Area a nih tawh avangin Indian Union hnuai a a awm chu, thu chiang sa, zawhna siam ngai lo a ni.
2. Lushai Hills chu Indian Union-a awm an nih avangin Pakistan emaw, Burma emaw a zawm thei lo ang.
3. Constitutional position a chunga kan sawi pahnih thlir chuan, kum 10 hnu-a chhuahsan leh tih pawh a theih loh.
India Independence Day 15th August, 1947 ni hian Dawrpui kohhran ah Lushai Hills atanga British chhuak turte thlah an ni a. Chutih lai in MU party chhunga pawl pahnih- India Independent lawm a, India hnuaia awm zui duh leh a duh lo (UMFO telin) lam inkara buaina chuan Lushai Hills (a bikin Aizawl) ah boruak a ti sang hle a. Hetiang ang boruak karah L.L. Peters chuan Superintendent office in India flag an dawn hman loh thu chhuanlam a hmang in, India flag pawh pawh pharh a ni lo niin Pu. R. Vanlawma (L) chuan a lehkhabu ‘Ka Ram leh Kei’ ah a ziak a ni.
Tlangkawmna
Mizote Indian Union hnuaia kan luh dan ah hian MNF khan MU kha thiam lo in, rambuai hnu thleng pawh khan an inkar boruak a chhe zui hle mai a. British ten Crown Colony min sawi hmuh, Indopui pahnih zawh hnu a British sorkar inthlak avanga India ram chhuahsan vat ṭul an tih leh tak si avanga min sawi hmuh leh duh tak loh ah kha chuan kan mi hmasate kutah khan Mizote awm zel dan tur a innghat thui hle a. Chutih laiin Indian Union chhung a Mizote kan luh dan ah hian khatih laia kan Mizo puipate khan thiamna bik deuh dan lam ah emaw, politics ah emaw lo nei se chuan, India hnuaia awm leh awm loh thu ah duhthlan theihna sang tak kan lo nei reng a ni tih an hre ngei ang. Amaherawhchu, an theih leh chim chin kha sang ve tawh tak leh ram hran in a hual vel Lushai Hills (Mizoram) leh Mizote dam khawchhuah theihna tur thlir chung a hma la an ni tih a chiang reng a. Indian Union chhung ah Mizote kan lut mai hi kan chhiat pui nge kan ṭhat pui tih chu zawhna ni se?
Thulaknate:
1. Constituent Assembly of India North-East Frontier (Assam) Tribal and Excluded Areas Sub-Committee, Volume II (Report).
2. Government of Indian Act, 1935 (Part XII).
3. Our History published by Government of Assam.
4. Ram Darthlalang by Prof. J. Doungel.
5. Ka Zin Kawng by Ch. Saprawnga.
6. Mizoram Politics Chanchin (1952 hmalam) by H. Vanṭhuama.
- R. Vanlalhmangaihsanga
Deptt. of Political Science, Gov’t. J. Buana College, Lunglei