Article 371G – A taka kan hman chhoh a ṭul tak tak dawn!

Article 371G hi kan hriat ṭheuh angin Memorandum of Settlement hnuaia mi, khatih hunlaia India Sorkar aiawh leh MNF aiawh leh Mizoram Sorkar aiawhten an sign, inremna thuthlung a ni. Mizoram kha UT aṭanga State puitlinga hlankai a nih aṭang chiahin he Article 371G hi hman ṭan tura duan a ni a. Mizoram chhunga cheng Mizote tan bik liau liaua Indian Danpuia ziah luh a ni tih hi kan hriat nawn a ṭha awm e.

Article 371G hian kan hnam dante, kan sakhua thil leh khawtlang inkaihhruaina dan leh a bik takin Mizoten ram (land) neih leh inhlan chhawn danah Parliament pawhin State Assembly remtihna tel lo chuan a tidanglam thei lo ang tih he article-ah hian chiang takin a ziak a ni. Amaherawhchu, he article-ah vek hian he article hman a nih hmaa (20th February, 1987 hmalam) Mizorama Dan lo awmsate chu a huam lo ang tih chiang takin a inziak tel thung a ni.

A Ṭobul

Article 371G hi inremna thuthlung aṭanga lak chhuah ni mah se, a ṭobul tak chu Article 371A hi a ni. Article 371A hi kan hriatthiam dan tur chu Nagaland a Naga-te tana dan duan bik a ni a, Article 371G (Mizoram) ai pawhin a chungnung zawk niin mi tam tak chuan an ngai. Mizoram nen a danglam bik pahnih a awm a – Pakhatnaah chuan, Article 371A-in a humhalh zingah hian ram (land) chauh ni lovin, a leilung hausakna (resources) a huam tel a; pahnihnaah chuan, Article 371A hi chuan Nagaland India Danpui (Constitution) a chuan aṭang hman a ni nghal tawp a ni thung. Chumi hmalama dan chu a huam lo ang tih kha ziah tel a ni lo.

Article 371A ṭobul hi han bih leh lawk ila. He dan (Provision) hi India sorkar leh Naga People Convention (NPC) ten July ni 26, 1960 a inremnna an ziah ‘16th Point Agreement” aṭanga lak a ni. NPC-te hi kan hriatthiam dan tur chu, Naga mipui, India laka hel ni lo, inremnna duh pawlten an din a ni. Chuvangin, India sorkar pawh hian 371A chungchangah chuan Nagaland sorkar hi a zah thiamin, hemi dan khawih thil reng rengah state sorkar a nawr lui ngai lo. Chutiang bawkin Naga mipui nunah hian he dan hi bet tlat a, an hnam dan humhalhna a ni tih hriain, hemi khawih thil hi chu an la thutak hle ṭhin a ni.

16th Point Agreement an ziah dawn hian NPC pawhin thiam takin Naga National Council ten India Independence dawn June 26-28, Kohima-a Assam Governor Akbar Hydari nena inremna an lo siam tawh ‘Nine Point Agreement’ aṭangin inremna thuthlung tam tak an la chhuak a ni. Chu'ng zingah chuan tuna Artcle 371A-a inziak hi a tel a ni. Nine Point Agreement hi India sorkarin a pawm lohna chhan chu point tawp berah, ‘Naga Council chuan kum 10 hnuah an awm dan turah an duh an thlang thei ang’ tih lam hawi zawng a tel avang kha a ni. India Independence hma nia Aizawlah Bawrhsaphoa Mizo hruaitute mi 50 thuthlung nen pawh a inzul hle awm e.

Chuvangin, Article 371G ṭobul nia lang ta chu Article 371A lo chhuahna bul ‘Nine Point Agreement’ kha ti ila a sual awm lo ve. Hemi chungchanga PhD ka tih laiin MNF hruaitu pakhat ka kawmnaah pawh Naga leh India inremna dung zuia Mizo Accord pawh hi siam a nih thu a sawi nghe nghe a ni. Article 371G a ‘resources’ tih ṭawngkam an telh lohna chhan a sawi pawh, India palaiten an sawi chu ‘a ram (land) ah thuneihna in nei tawh a, a chhungrila awm chu ram khawih lo chuan a khawih theih chuang loh, khawih (exploit) tur chuan in phalna lak tho a ngai dawn. Nagaland-ah pawh Centre leh State in ‘resources’ tih thumal avang hian buaina nasa tak ram leilung hausakna hai chhuahna kawngah kan tawk a ni’ tiin a sawi chhawng a ni. A sawi awmzia nia lang chu, ram leilung chunga thuneihna Mizoten kan neih ber tawh chuan, a chhunga awm leilung hausakna humhalh hna kha chu kan tih tur niin a lang.

Parliament chuan tun fur ṭhutkhawm zawh takah khan ramngaw humhalh dan tih danglamna ‘The Forest (Conservation) Amendment Act, 2023’ a passed a, Ministry of Law and Justice pawhin August ni 4 khan President pawmpuina ‘Gazette of India’ ah a chhuah nghal bawk a ni. He dan hi Mizo zingah pawh environment humhalh duhtu pawl leh hemi lam mi thiam tak tak ten article an ziak bakah an dodalna nasa takin an lantir a. Kan state sorkar ngei pawhin Mizoram tan he dan thar belh hi a him loh thu Joint Parliamentary Committee ah an thlen bawk a ni. Hmarchhak state zingah Sikkim tih lohah chuan Mizoram aṭangin he dan siamṭhat duh lohna hi JPC thlen kan tam ber a ni.

Forest dan siam ṭhat hian Central sorkar thuneihna pumhlum a pek avangin Centre leh State inlaichhinna (Indian Federal system) nasa takin a khawih danglam dawn a ni. India ramri hrula awm; a bikin North East state tan chuan an state thuneihna laksakna hmanrua a nih theih avangin do tlat pawh a awm a ni. NE state-te hian he dan an duh lohna JPC ah thlen mah se, Central-a rorellai NDA chuan an duh dan takin a kal tlangpui ta tho a ni. Kan MP te erawh chuan an thlawp loh thu an tilang thung. North East state-te, a bikin Mizoram pawh engtin nge min nghawng dawn la hriat chiah loh mah se, defence leh India venhimna (security) thilah chuan Central sorkarin kan ramngaw (Forest) khawi lai mai pawh hi a duh danin a hmang thei dawn a ni.

Amaherawhchu, kan hriat ve tlat tur chu; he dan hi Mizoram chhunga hman a nih dawn chuan Article 371G in a phut angin Mizoram Assembly-in an pawmpui phawt a ngai dawn a ni. Engtin nge Article 371G hmang hian he Forest dan thar hi kan lo hmachhawn ang tih hi rilru luahtu chu a ni awm e. Kan Assembly hian avaiin kan pawm ve mai dawn nge, a hnawl vek dawn nge, a ṭhena zar kan pawm ang a, a ṭhena zar kan hnawl ang?

Parliament dan dinglai han hnawl tawp chu state tan chuan thil harsa pawh a ni ngeiin a rinawm. A chhan chu, central thuneitute aṭangin nawrna pawh a awm theih bakah state tana development tam tak rawn keng tel thei a nihna lai a awm ve ṭhin a ni. Tun dinhmun en erawh chuan, sorkar leh NGO mai ni lo, Mizoram a political party zawng zawng deuh thawin he dan thar hi a nihna ang ngau ngau hman an duh loh thu an tiri tawh a, central lam hotute pawhin rawn tih luihtir tum mah se, Mizoram Assembly hi chuan Mizoram a hman loh turin a do a rinawm.

Article 371G hi Mizo ten kan humhalh a ngai:

Mizote hian hmarchhak tlangmite zinga kan inkhaikhin nasat ber hnam/state chu Naga/Nagaland hi an ni awm e. Anni pawhin kan hnam ziaranga thil ṭha tam tak an rawn zirchiang bawk ṭhin a ni. Naga-te fakawmna em em chu an hnam dan Article 371A hnuaia India danpuiin a humhalhsakah hian a mipui nawlpui leh NGO leh sorkar-te an chian em emna hi a ni awm e. Nagaland-ah eng dan pawh hmang dawn se, an hnam dan kalh a nih chuan Article 371A hmang hian an hnawl zel ṭhin a ni. Tun hnaia entirna ṭha tak chu ‘Nagaland Municipal Act of 2001’ hi Nagaland Assembly chuan kumin April thla khan a ṭhiat (repeal) a ni. A chhan ber nia lang chuan ‘hmeichhe tana seat hauhsak’ leh ‘tax’ chungchangah Naga dan kalha NGO leh Naga mipuiten an hriat avangin a ni. Mipui leh Naga pawlte nawrhna vangin State assembly chuan ṭhiat lo thei lo dinhmunah dingin a ṭhiat a ni. Hemi chungchang zirchiang tura Nagaland ka han kal ṭum pawhin an sawi ber chu ‘Article 371A hian Nagaland Assembly thuneihna pe mah se, kan assembly hian kan hnam dan kalhin eng dan mah an siam thiang lo a ni, engkimah mipuite remtihna a ngai a ni’ tih kha an thupui ber a ni. Naga-hoin Article 371A an lak vawng dan erawh a ṭha ber em tih chu mimal ngaihdan ni se, thil lang chiang tak erawh chu India sorkar nena an inremna thuthlung hi India sorkar emaw Nagaland sorkar emaw pawhin a bawhchhe thiang lo tih hi an thupui ber a ni tawp mai. Tun forest dan thar pass dawn pawh khan Nagaland aṭang chuan dodalna a nasa lem lo, Article 371A hi an inhumhimna atan an ring tawk viau niin a hriat mai.

Mizote pawh hian kan ram leh hnam tan bik liau liaua duan ‘special provision’ chu Article 371G hi a ni tih kan hriat thar leh a ngai a. He dan hlutna leh ṭangkai theihna hi nasa taka kan inzirtir a ngai bawk a ni. Ṭhat famkim tawk lohna pawh a awm ngei ang, mahse tun atan bik erawh chuan hei aia ṭha zawk India danpui hnuaiah Mizo min humhalhna tur dan a bikin ka nei chuang lo, a neih man pawh a to hle a nih kha.

Naga-te ang bawk khian, India sorkar emaw Mizoram Sorkar emaw State Assembly emaw pawhin he thuthlung hi, Mizo mipuite phalna lo chuan an tih danglam emaw bawhchhiat a thiang lo. Tuna Forest dan tharah phei hi chu kan sorkar leh political party-te leh NGO ten an do tlat a, mipuite pawhin kan thlawp tlat a ngai dawn a ni.

- Dr. Joseph K Lalfakzuala, Govt. T. Romana College