Pu Einstein-a ‘E = mc²’ fawrmula awmze dik tak chu !

Mi tam tak chuan Zerman mithiam, Pu Albert Einstein-a ‘THEORY OF RELATIVITY’ kha a hming leh a chanchin leh a nihphung kan hre ṭheuh awm e; a nel nual emaw, a hming chauh tal pawhin kan hre ṭheuh ang. Tin, kan tunlai khawvelah movies leh cartoon ah te, social media lamah te pawh heng thu : Quantum physics, Black Holes, Parallel Universe, String theory, Big Bang Theory, Relativity theory , E=mc² tih te hi kan hre kur ngei nguai hlawm awm e, a bik takin heng movie/film ho The theory of Everything tih te, Interstellar te, Oppenheimer movie leh Marvel Movies hoa mi kan thil hmuh leh hriat ṭhinte hian kan rilru a hruai nasa ve em em mai a, tam tak phei chuan an tum miah lovin Science an tui phah a ni. Hetia kan tunlai khawvela movies, cartoon leh social media vel avanga science a lo lar ta hi keini ang science zirlai chut ve tak tan hi chuan phu loh malsawmna ‘rina lova uibuk sa’ ang hialah a ngaih theih hial ṭhin a ni.

Chutiang taka Science thil vel chu ‘trending’ a lo nih takah chuan, mi tam takin chung kan thil hmuh leh hriatte chu a aia thuk zawka hriat chian kan lo duh ta zel a, kan khaw pa Tv. Vanlalsailova'n, ‘Hriat chian lehzual che hi ka va duh em’, a tih ang deuh khan, keiniho pawhin hriat chian lehzual kan lo chak ta deuh deuh ta mai a ni.

Heng Science thu leh a kaihhnawih kan hmuh leh hriatte a aia thuk zawka hriatfiah a, hriat belh kan chak avang hian mi tam tak chuan Google leh YouTube aṭangtein a hrilhfiahna kan zawng ta ṭhin a, a ṭhenin social media lama science kaihhnawih article kan hmuh theih ang angte leh a hre deuh (hre tak takte leh hria anga lemchang) nia kan hriatte ho nena titi aṭangtein hriat kan tum ṭhin bawk.

Chutianga hrilhfiahna kan zawn luatah chuan, Mizo thufingin, ‘Ui pawh a vah a vah chuan ek ṭhing a tawng nge nge’, a tih ang deuhin, keini pawhin kan thil zawn awmzia leh nihna chu kan hre fuh ta nge nge ṭhin a, kan thinlung pawh a hahdam huai ṭhin reng a ni. Nimahsela, heng kan Science thu hriatte hrilhfiahna leh sawizauna ṭhenkhatteah hian dik lo leh fel lo te, kim lote leh belhchian dawl lo tak takte pawh an awm ṭeuh a, ṭhenkhat phei chu dik lo hlawm hlawk, ‘Scientifically inaccurate’, te pawh an awm nawk hlawm nghe nghe. Hetiang a nih ṭhin avang hian zirlai tam tak chuan an thu hriat tum (entir na'n–Quantum mechanics, string theory, Big bang theory, etc) te hi hrethiam tak tak si lovin, hrethiam angah an inngai ta ṭhin a, bum an tawk tih an hre si lo a ni.

Mizo ṭhalaite, heti tak maia science lama kan ṭhanharh a; kan tui thar tàk avang te, science thu ṭhenkhat dik lo taka hrilhfiah an nih ṭhin fo tak avangte, tin, Mizo ṭhalaiten science zirtirtu ṭha kan mamawhzia kan hriatchhuah tak avang leh, Mizo ṭawng ngeia science hrilhfiahna kan mamawhzia ka hriat chhuah tak avangin leh, ka Pathian ‘Engkimtitheia’ ram zauh zelna atana ka mawhphurhna ve te mai hi hlen chhuah ve ngei ka duh avangin, he Science sabzek, a bik takin Physics sabzek leh a kaihhnawih thil ho hi hrilhfiah a, a awmze ril zawk leh dik zawk chu Mizo ṭawng ngeia kan Mizo ṭhalaite hriata hrilhfiahna chhawpchhuah a ṭul ka ti ta a ni.

Science khawvela kan thil hriat ṭhin tam tak zingah hian ‘ALBERT EINSTEIN-a’ tih thu leh ‘RELATIVITY’ tih thu hi a ri zing ve hle hian ka hria a, tin, Mizo zirlai tam takte chuan Albert Einstein-a equation hmuchhuah : E=mc² hi kan hre deuh fur hlawm bawk nen (Khawvela equation/formula lar ber tiin an ko hial reng a ni). Nimahsela, Albert Einstein-a theory/formula chu a awmze dik tak kan hriat tak tak loh avangin kan mitin a hmuh kha, kan thinlungin a lo hre ve mai ta si lo a, chu chuan a dik lo zawnga hrilhfiahna ang chi kha a lo tiṭai darhin a lo tilar ta ṭhin a ni.

Ka ṭhiante leh min duhsaktute leh science tui tak tak ho avangin he Pu Einstein-a E=mc² formula hrilhfiahna leh a history tlem azawng ka rawn tarlang dawn a ni a, chhiartuten kan hlawkpui ngei ka beisei.

Kum 1905, September ni 26 khan German mithiam Albert Einstein-a chuan Switzerland rama ‘swiss patent office’-a chawkidar hna a thawh laiin, ‘On the electrodynamics of moving bodies’, tih thupui hmangin article a ziah chu a chhuah a, chu a thil chhuizauna article (research paper) a ziahah chuan ‘Special Theory of Relativity’ leh tuna kan sawi tur ‘E=mc²' fawrmula pawh hi a chuang a ni. (Einstein-a pawh hi a hunlai kha chuan degree nei ve thingtang tawh si, hna sang hmuh si loh avanga a hna hmuh hmuh a chhungkaw chawmna'na thawk kha a ni a, college vela Physics zirtirtu nih tuma degree nei si kha, Switzerland ah chawkidar hnate a thawk ve lawp lawp hman a ni).

A hmasain, he Pu Einstein-a ‘E= mc²’ fawrmula, hian hming a lo nei ve kiau mai a, chu a hming chu ‘Einstein's mass-energy equivalence’ emaw ‘Einstein's mass-energy relation’, emaw, ‘Einstein's mass-energy equation ’, tiin an lo ko/vuah hi a lo ni a.

Tichuan, he kan Pu Einstein-a ‘E = mc²’, fawrmula-a mi ‘E’ hi ‘Energy’ tihna a ni a, chu chu Mizo ṭawng chuan ‘chakna thahrui tam zawng’ tihna emaw ‘chakna thahrui tam lam’ tihna a ni ber mai awm e ; tin ‘m’ hi ‘mass’ tihna a ni a, chu chu taksa chhunga thil awm tam lam emaw, tisa chhunga thil pai tam zawng emaw, a mipui vantlang (science zir ve lo te) hriatthiam atan, ‘thil rih zawng’ emaw, ‘taksa rih zawng’ ti ta ila, kan sawi sual tam pui awm lo ve ; tin, ‘c’ hi ‘eng (light) van thengreng emaw van boruak (free space or vacuum)-a á kal chak zawng’, a ni thung (velocity of light in vacuum or free space); van boruak (vacuum)-a eng kal chak zawng hi second khatah kilometre nuai thum vel a ni (~ 3 lakh km per second , ie, 300000 km per second).

Khimi Pu Einstein-a ‘E=mc²’ formula khian a sawi tum ber chu, “Energy (taksa chhunga chakna thahrui awm) leh mass (taksa rihna) te kha thil hrang daih, thil inkungkaih hauh lo angin lang mah se, a nihna takah chuan thil thuhmun reng ni si a, thil hrang daih anga lang si ang hi an ni”, a ti a ni; a sap ṭawng hian i han thailang ve dawn hrim hrim teh ang, zirlai ṭhenkhatte tana a chian zawk na'n, “Energy and mass are different manifestation of the same entity, they are two sides of the same coin”.

A chian lehzual zawkna'n entirna han pe dawn teh ang : tuisik (liquid water) leh vur khang (sold ice) te hi kan mit hmuh danah chuan an lan dan inang lo hlein, danglam em em angin lang mah se, zirmi te leh mi thiamte chuan thil thuhmun an nih thu min hrilh a , a nihna takah chuan vur leh tui te hi ‘H₂O’ chemical (water) ve ve an ni a, anmahni hualtu boruak (surroundings) lum dan leh sat zawng (temperature) leh anmahni hualtu boruak nekna (atmospheric pressure) a lo danglam dan azirin, H₂O chemical chu tui (liquid water) emaw, vur (solid ice) ah a lo chang ta mai ṭhin zawk hi a lo ni a, boruak a han lum deuh chuan tui niin, a vawh viau leh vurah a chang leh mai a; H₂O (water) ni ve ve siin boruak azirin lan dan hrang hlak (different physical form) an lo nei ta a lo ni.

Chutiang vek chuan a hun leh a hmun (physical conditions) a zirin energy pawh mass-ah a chang thei a, tin, mass pawh energy-ah a chang thei bawk a ni. Tin, he Pu Einstein-a E=mc² fawrmula aṭanga lo lang chiang ta em em mai chu thil te tak te, zang tak, rit em em lem lo chhungah pawh hian chakna thahrui nasa em em mai hi a lo inphum ru tih hi a ni a, chu chakna thahrui inphum ru chu satna thahrui (heat energy) angin emaw, eng zungzam chakna thahrui (light or radiation energy) angin emaw a takah hmuh theih turin a lo inlar thei ta ṭhin a ni.

Buhfang khat tia lek emaw, ṭiau lungte pakhat tia vel leka rit pawh kha chakna thahrui (energy) ah tichang thei ta ila chu kan Zoram hi mitkhap kar lovah mei leh kàtin a kàng ral hneh chiang viauin a rinawm. A nih loh vek pawhin kawlphetha chakna thahruiah tichang vek thei ila chu ram dang kan ngai bik tak lo'ng (Kan hriatthiam lehzual theih na'n fiamthu deuhvin ka han sawi uchuak deuh hret teh ang).

History kan han en chuan hetiang deuh hian Pu Albert Einstein-a formula hi a tak ramah an lo hmang reng tawh hi a lo ni a, indopui 2-na tawp kum, kum 1945-a Japan rama an khawpui pahnih Hiroshima leh Nagasaki khawpui te tihchhat vekna tura an siam Atomic bomb pahnih ‘Little boy (uranium fission bomb)’ leh ‘ Fat man (Plutoniumfission bomb) ’ pawh kha hemi formula, E=mc² behchhana thawk a ni a, nimahsela, an bomb chhunga a tipuaktu Uranium leh plutonium rihna (mass) zawng zawng erawh a vai vai (100%) chuan chakna thahrui (heat and light energy) ah a chang vek thei lo va, Hiroshima-a an thlak zawk little boy bomb-ah khan Uranium kilogram 64 an dah aṭang khan zaa 2, i.e. 2% chauh (kilogram 1 leh gram 280 vel chauh) chakna thahruiah a chang a, Hiroshima khawpui mi 135000 vel thi leh hliam an awm a. Tin, Nagasaki khawpuia an thlak zawk Fat Man chhunga an dah Plutonium kilogram 6 leh gram 400 vela rit aṭang khan kilogram 1 vel chauh chakna thahrui (heat and radiation energy) ah a chang bawk a, mi 64000 vel thi leh hliam an awm a nih kha.

Kan tun dinhmunah erawh (kan vannei asiamah) thil sakhat zawng zawng emaw rihna neiho zawng zawng hi chakna thahrui (energy-a tichang tur chuan kan thiamna hi a la sang tawk lo hle mai a, tin, kan khawl neihte pawh a la ṭha tawk lo hle. Nimahsela, thir (metal) ṭhenkhat heng Uranium, Plutonium leh Thorium zinga mi ṭhenkhat erawh an rihna ṭhenkhat chakna thahrui (energy)-ah leh satna (heat) ah te a tihchan theih ve tho bawk a, heng thir sipicial ho avang hian USA pawh khan Japan ram khawpui Hiroshima leh Nagasaki te tihchhiatna tur atom bomb a siam theih phah a nih reng kha.

Tin, E =mc² fawrmula hi Pu Albert Einstein-a, ‘SPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY’, aṭanga rawn zi chhuak niin, he ‘SPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY ’ hi chuan, “Eng (light) hi kan Universe chhungah hi chuan a kal chak ber a, eng kal chak zawng chu, second khata kilometer nuai thum vel (3 lakh km per second) aia chak hian engmah an kal ve thei lo a ni,” a ti a, tin, he Pu Einstein-a Relativity theory vek hian, ‘Vanthengreng (space)-a kan kal/thlawh chak poh leh kan chakna thahrui a tam tial tial a, chu chuan kan taksa rihna hi a tisang tial tial a, tin, kan kal/thlawh chak poh leh hun (time) a muang tial tial bawk a, tin, taksa reng reng a kal/thlawh chak poh leh kha taksa sei zawng (length) kha a tawi ve tial tial ṭhin bawk a ni,’ a ti a ni.

He Pu Einstein-a Relativity theory ngaihdanah hian mass-energy equivalence, E=mc² fawrmula, hi a beh tel ve tlat avangin ti pawh hian E=mc² hi kan hrilhfiah thei dawn tihna a lo ni a : “Taksa rihna (mass) leh chakna thahrui (energy) hi thil thuhmun, danglam tak daih si anga lang an ni a, tin, he chakna thahrui (energy) kan tih mai hi kan mithmuhah, kan khawvelah hi chuan enna (light energy) ang emaw, satna (heat energy) angin an inlar tlangpui ṭhin a ; chu tah, taksa reng reng an thlawh chak pauh leh an chakna thahrui a lo tam ve zel avangin an rihna a lo sang ve zel ṭhin bawk a. Tin, an tan hun pawh a kal muangin, an taksa pianziaa an sei lam (body length) pawh an thlawh chak dan azirin a lo tawi/te telh telh ṭhin bawk nen; chumi avang tak chuan eng tluka chaka thil rihna nei kha van boruaka a thlawk ve thei ngai a nih chuan (a tak ramah chuan rihna nei tawh phawt hi chu eng tluka chakin van boruakah an thlawk thei lo hrim hrim) ama taksa rihna chu eng hlang hlak (light energy) ah a lo chang tawh dawn tihna a ni a, car emaw, apple emaw, lung emaw, ball emaw, mihring emaw, eng thil pawh ni se, eng tluka chaka van boruaka an thawlh tawh chuan an taksa chu engah lo changin, a taksa thlawk lai chu hmehen (torchlight) aṭanga eng kan hmeh chhuah ang mai hian a kal ve tawh dawn tihna a lo ni ta a, chu eng chakna tam lam chu , E=mc², ami ‘E’ hi niin, ‘m’ chu taksa thlawk lai rihna a ni a, tin, 'c ' hi chu taksa thlawh chak zawng tur chu a lo ni ta a ni (eng tlukin he taksa hi a thlawk dawn a ni), chu mai bakah, eng tluka chaka thil engpawh a thlawh chuan a tan hunin awmzia a nei tawh dawn lo a, hun a kal tawh dawn lo hrim hrim a, chu mai bakah, a pian zia pawh a danglam vek dawn a, eng hlang hlak (light energy) ah changin, eng dang ho nen an danglamna a awm dawn lo a ni.

Khimi ve te mai khi Zerman rama piang, Juda pachal Pu Albert Einstein-a ‘E=mc² fawrmula’ awmzia tling lo tak chunga kei misual hian ka han sawi fiah ve theih dan awmchhun chu a ni a, chhiartu zawng zawng te chungah ka lawm em em a ni.

- Laldingliana Vanchhawng (Adinga), MSc (Aplied physics),

National Institute of Technology Silchar, Assam, India.